Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In two adult patients with congenital poikiloderma (Rothmund-Thomson syndrome) the following endocrine abnormalities were found: Patient 1, female, with short stature had primary amenorrhoea and did not develop secondary sexual characteristics. Despite lacking an oestrogen effect on the vaginal smear and the low urinary oestrogen excretion, basal LH and FSH and their response to LH-RH were normal. At age 36 a parathyroid adenoma was diagnosed because of increased immunoreactive plasma parathyroid hormone and persistent hypercalcaemia. After removal of the tumour the patient remained normocalcaemic. The result of growth hormone response to insulin in the intermediate range was suggestive of partial deficiency. In patient 2, male, hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism with small testes and high basal LH and FSH levels as well as increased LH and FSH response to LH-RH were found. Plasma testosterone was normal. Endocrine abnormalities in previously published cases are summarized.
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PMID:Hypogonadism and parathyroid adenoma in congenital poikiloderma (Rothmund-Thomson syndrome). 112 57

Radioimmunoassay of parathyroid hormone on samples obtained from the large veins of the neck and thorax was utilized for localization in twenty-one patients with hyperparathyroidism. In seventeen of these patients, as many of the thyroid and mediastinal veins as possible were also sampled. This study reveals that sampling of the large veins of the neck and thorax is an insensitive means of adenoma from hyperplasia. Anatomic variations in the drainage of the inferior thyroid veins and dilution of the parathyroid venous effluent by the large veins of the neck and thorax seem to explain this insensitivity and the occasionally misleading results of large vein sampling. Sampling of the small thyroid veins, however, is a sensitive and specific means of localization and permitted preoperative differentiation of adenoma from hyperplasia in fourteen of our seventeen patients. Communications between the inferior thyroid and thymic veins and the fact that mediastinal adenomas frequently bring their blood supply down from the cerevical area suggest that sampling of the small thyroid veins may be of only limited value in identifying a mediastinal adenoma.
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PMID:Localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue. Radioimmunoassay of parathyroid hormone on samples from the large veins of the neck and thorax and selectively catheterized thyroid veins. 112 42

The sequence of the amino-terminal portion of human parathyroid hormone, particularly the identity of residues 22, 28, and 30 (the subject of discrepancies in recent published reports), has been reexamined by two basic methods of structural analysis. A fresh lot of human parathyroid hormone isolated from pooled adenoma tissue was analyzed by Edman degradation with identification of critical residues by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. In the second approach, -14C or tritiated amino acids were incorporated during biosynthesis of the human hormone in slices of parathyroid glands in vitro; the appropriate amino acid residues were then determined as the -14C or tritiated phenythiohydantoin derivatives of the amino acid after Edman degradation, or by peptide isolation after appropriate cleavage with endopeptidase, or both. The results confirm our previous findings that residue 22 is glutamic acid, residue 28 is leucine, and residue 30 is aspartic acid.
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PMID:A reinvestigation of the amino-terminal sequence of human parathyroid hormone. 112 1

Findings in a case of neonatal tetany in a child whose mother had elevated blood parathyroid hormone levels because of a parathyroid adenoma are given. The child was found to have hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Parathyroid hormone in the infant was found to be elevated. It has been postulated that the pathophysiologic mechanism of the hypocalcemia in this syndrome is transient hypoparathyroidism. The present case suggests a different mechanism: hypomagnesemia and end-organ refractoriness to parathyroid hormone, a state analogous to pseudohypoparathyroidism.
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PMID:Transient neonatal hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and high serum parathyroid hormone with maternal hyperparathyroidism. 116 99

The possibility of transplanting parathyroid gland fragments into accessible muscle as functioning autografts in the human being has been supported but unproved. During operations in the thyrocervical area, the parathyroid glands frequently are removed, either intentionally or inadvertently. We have had occasion to transplant slices of parathyroid glands in five instances; four parathyroid glands were proved to be normal, and a benign adenoma appeared in the fifth. The parathyroid gland was positioned in a muscular bed in the patient's forearm. Plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurements by radioimmunoassay were made from the implant venous effluent. The venous outflow from the contralateral arm was used for control. We have concluded that parathyroid tissue can be transplanted, does function, and might be capable of providing calcium homeostasis.
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PMID:Human parathyroid autotransplantation: proved function by radioimmunoassay of plasma parathyroid hormone. 117 74

A radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone (PTH) using a double antibody system is described. Because of the immunolgoical heterogeneity of the hormone in human serum, the standard used has been serum from a patient with parathyroid carcinoma. With the use of the synthetic 34 amino acid N-terminal fragment of PTH, the anti-PTH antiserum was determined to react primarily with the N-terminal end of the molecule. PTH was detectable in the sera of 25% of normal subjects and elevated in 18 of 19 patients with parathyroid adenoma and carcinoma. Serum PTH levels were elevated in 3 of 5 patients with parathyroid hyperplasia.
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PMID:Serum parathyroid hormone: a double antibody radioimmunoassay. 122 75

A radioimmunoassay specific for the amino (N) terminal portion of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) molecule (N-PTH radioimmunoassay) has been developed by iodinating synthetic 1-34bovine PTH (1-34bPTH) and using commercially available bPTH antiserum. A radioimmunoassay specific for the carboxyl (C) terminal (C-PTH radioimmunoassay) has been carried out by adding enough amount of 1-34bPTH to the PTH radioimmunoassay system. The data obtained from N- and C-PTH radioimmunoassay were compared with those obtained from the PTH radioimmunoassay. It was observed that plasma levels of N-PTH, indicating biologically active PTH, were only one 8th to 32th to those of PTH and those of C-PTH were almost equal to those of PTH. These data corresponded well with those reported previously by using the antiserum specific for each terminal of the PTH molecule from the other laboratory. The half life of plasma N-PTH and C-PTH determined following the removal of parathyroid adenoma was less than 10 min and about 45 min respectively. These data indicate that the N-PTH radioimmunoassay can be done by iodinating 1-34bPTH and using commercially available antiserum.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay specific for amino (N) and carboxyl (C) terminal portion of parathyroid hormone. 123 89

Serum ionized calcium was shown to be significantly elevated in a group of twenty-eight subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria in whom the mean total serum calcium concentration was within normal limits. Measurement of parathyroid hormone levels confirmed that elevated values are suppressible by infusion of calcium. Ten subjects with simultaneous elevation of serum ionized calcium and parathormone levels above 3 S.D. of normal were referred for neck exploration, and a parathyroid adenoma was found and removed in nine. Significant decreases to normal values of serum ionized calcium and parathormone levels of urine and calcium excretion were documented some weeks following operation. The results conflict with both the alimentary calcium hyperabsorption theory and the renal calcium leak theory of the aetiology of idiopathic hypercalciuria, and support the possibility that idiopathic hypercalciuria in many cases represents an early or mild form of 'normocalcaemic' primary hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Serum ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone in renal stone disease. 125 1

Since Seldinger demonstrated in 1953 parathyroid adenomas by arteriography, numerous localizing procedures have been advocated. Based on our experience with selective venous sampling for measurement of parathyroid hormone by radioimmunoassay, selective arteriography, pneumomediastinography and scanning with 75Se-selenomethionine, a survey on localization techniques used up to now is given and their value and applications are discussed. Preoperative localization of parathyroid tissue should be limited to patients with previous unsuccessful surgery. In these cases we perform selective venous sampling following selective arteriography for demonstration of the venous drainage pattern and subsequent venous catheterization. Pneumomediastinography is recommended in suspected mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. Scanning with 75Se-selenomethionine is not in use because of its limited success.
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PMID:[Current status of preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)]. 127 2

Because 80% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have a single adenoma and because most adenomas are now visualized by ultrasonography, we have attempted to remove these suspected single adenomas under local anesthesia with intra-operative monitoring of urinary cAMP (UcAMP) and 1-84 parathyroid hormone (PTH) serum levels. In the last 2 years, 45 patients (mean age 65 years) with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent surgery with local anesthesia when a single adenoma was strongly suspected by ultrasonography. Patients with equivocal or misleading ultrasonography, e.g., those with associated thyroid or multiglandular pathology and those who were non-cooperative, were excluded from this procedure. UcAMP and 1-84 PTH were determined prior to the incision, at the time of removal of the adenoma, and at regular intervals until 120 minutes after the operation. Results were available 45 min to 60 min after sampling for PTH and 60 min to 80 min for UcAMP. Forty-two adenomas were removed through a 2 cm to 3 cm skin incision in a mean time of 25 minutes, with no adverse effect, no morbidity, and minimal discomfort. The 42 patients were normocalcaemic on follow-up. The monitorings always predicted the success of the operation. In the 3 remaining patients, because the monitorings remained elevated at the end of the procedure, the patients underwent classical bilateral neck dissection under general anesthesia. This new approach can be safely accomplished with short operative time and hospital stay. The absence of general anesthesia is reassuring for the patients who are reluctant to undergo general anesthesia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Parathyroid adenomectomy under local anesthesia with intra-operative monitoring of UcAMP and/or 1-84 PTH. 132 62


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