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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Canalicular adenoma is a newly recognized salivary gland adenoma that may be confused with malignant salivary gland tumors. To better characterize this neoplasm, six examples were investigated with a panel of immunohistochemistry antibodies including anti-keratin (AE1/AE3), anti-epithelial membrane antigen, anti-carcinoembryonic antigen, anti-vimentin, anti-S-100, anti-muscle specific actin, and anti-glial fibrillary acid protein. All canalicular adenomas stained in a similar fashion showing positive staining with anti-keratin, anti-vimentin, and anti-S-100 (6 of 6 cases each). Rare focal staining with anti-epithelial membrane antigen and anti-glial fibrillary acid protein was noted (1 of 6 cases each). This immunohistochemistry staining pattern was compared with those of ameloblastoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry may be useful in the distinction of canalicular adenoma from other salivary gland tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of salivary gland canalicular adenoma. 753 98

Myoepithelioma is a rare neoplasm of the salivary glands which is now recognized as an individual entity in the revised WHO classification. In this study, eleven benign tumours are presented. Most patients gave a history of a slowly enlarging mass, which was cured by surgical excision. However, one case recurred several times over 50 years, and another still has residual tumour and removal is not possible. The histological appearances included solid, myxoid and reticular growth patterns, composed predominantly of spindle shaped or plasmacytoid (hyaline) cells. Many of the tumours also contained occasional small ducts. All 11 tumours were positive for S-100 protein, variable reactions being seen for various other antigens--keratins, human milk fat globulin, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha smooth muscle actin and vimentin. It is probable that myoepithelioma constitutes one end of a biological spectrum which also includes pleomorphic adenoma and some (non-membranous) basal cell adenomas. In practice, however, we still advocate retention of myoepithelioma as a separate diagnostic category, on the grounds that it has a range of distinctive microscopic appearances and poses its own unique problems in correct identification.
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PMID:Benign myoepithelioma of the salivary glands: a true entity? 755

Basal cell adenocarcinoma is a recently defined category of salivary gland neoplasms. As the terminology implies, this group of tumors has many histopathologic features that are similar to the more well-known basal cell adenomas. To better characterize these tumors, 23 basal cell adenocarcinomas were reviewed and compared with 11 basal cell adenomas with the use of light microscopic and immunohistochemical methods. Evaluation of cytokeratin, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, B72.3, Ber-EP4, and milk fat globulin immunoreactivity was performed. Parallel to the morphologic similarity, the immunoprofiles of the basal cell adenocarcinoma and basal cell adenoma were quite similar. Both tumors showed reactivity patterns indicative of ductal epithelial and myoepithelial differentiation. In addition, reactivity to some polymorphic epithelial mucins was observed, which suggested glandular differentiation. The identification of antigens found normally in myoepithelial and epithelial cells supports the concept that these tumors are derived from pluripotential salivary gland epithelial cells. The comparable immunohistochemical profiles imply evolvement from similar cell lines and lead us to conclude that distinction between the two is not possible on the basis of these findings.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of basal cell adenocarcinoma. 767 20

Twenty-nine patients (20 men, nine women; mean age, 65.9 years; range, 49-77 years) with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms associated with so-called "mucinous ductal ectasia" of the pancreas were studied both histochemically and immunohistochemically. These cases included six cases of hyperplasia, 13 adenomas, and 10 adenocarcinomas. The mean sizes of the hyperplasia, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas were 2.0 cm, 3.0 cm, and 4.8 cm in diameter, respectively. Tumor size correlated with the degree of cellular atypia. The proliferative rates were significantly higher in the carcinomatous epithelium with those in the hyperplastic and adenomatous epithelia. The polarity of distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were better preserved in the hyperplastic epithelia than in the carcinomatous epithelia. On the other hand, the papillary and nonpapillary hyperplastic epithelium contained mainly a neutral periodate-reactive glycoprotein with only trace amounts of sialomucins and sulphomucins. In addition, the adenomatous epithelium contained mostly sialomucins with a small amount of sulphomucins. The carcinomatous epithelium contained predominantly sulphomucin. The results of both the histological and immunohistochemical studies suggested the possibility of a sequential change from nonpapillary and papillary hyperplasia, via adenoma, to carcinoma in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms associated with mucinous ductal ectasia. Moreover, these results, in combination with the histochemical findings, are considered helpful in making an appropriate preoperative diagnosis with endoscopic pancreatic ductal biopsy specimens, thus enabling the surgeon to select the most appropriate surgical procedure.
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PMID:Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas associated with so-called "mucinous ductal ectasia". Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis of 29 cases. 772 68

Two cases of florid deep glands of the uterine cervix, a lesion which mimics adenoma malignum are reported. One case was misdiagnosed as adenoma malignum, and the patient was treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. In contrast to the majority of cases of adenoma malignum in which there is preoperative evidence of a cervical abnormality, the lesion described in both cases was an incidental microscopic finding in hysterectomy specimens. The architectural pattern in both these cases was strikingly similar, showing diffusely scattered endocervical glands within the endocervical stroma extending to the outer third of the cervical wall. However, the variability in size and shape of the glands, which were typically round to oval, was less than observed in adenoma malignum. Additionally, there was no cytologic atypia, which is observed focally in most cases of deeply invasive adenoma malignum. The lack of a desmoplastic stromal reaction, vascular and perineural invasion also may help distinguish florid deep glands from adenoma malignum. Finally, in both cases of florid deep glands, there was no cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for carcinoembryonic antigen, which is in contrast to what is seen in adenoma malignum.
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PMID:Florid deep glands of the uterine cervix. Another mimic of adenoma malignum. 774 Nov 9

Calcium supplementation decreases the incidence of colon cancer in animal models and may prevent colon cancer in man. Potential mechanisms include binding of mitogens and direct effects of calcium on colonic epithelial cells. In this study, the effects of extracellular calcium on epithelial cell growth and differentiation were studied in three colon carcinoma and two colonic adenoma cell lines. The characteristics studied included morphology, cell cycle kinetics, [Ca2+]IC (intracellular calcium concentration), proliferation, and expression of differentiation markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). Sodium butyrate (NaB) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were used as controls in the latter three assays as these two agents are known differentiating agents. Alteration of [Ca+2]EC (extracellular calcium concentration) did not affect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or alkaline phosphatase (AP) expression. NaB enhanced the expression of AP three-fold and CEA five-fold. This effect was augmented by increasing [Ca2+]EC. The exposure of cells to 1,25-(OH)2-Vitamin D3 increased CEA but not AP. [Ca2+]IC increased in response to 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3 and NaB but not with variation in [Ca2+]EC. Increased [Ca2+]EC inhibited proliferation of well-differentiated cells, but had no effect on poorly-differentiated cells. Morphological studies showed that extracellular calcium was necessary for normal cell-cell interactions. These studies have demonstrated direct effects of calcium on colonic epithelial cells which may contribute to the protective effects of dietary calcium against colon cancer. Loss of responsiveness to the antiproliferative effects of [Ca2+]EC with de-differentiation suggests that calcium supplementation may be most beneficial prior to the development of neoplastic changes in colonic epithelium.
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PMID:The effect of extracellular calcium on colonocytes: evidence for differential responsiveness based upon degree of cell differentiation. 777 41

Fifty-two hepatobiliary cystadenomas and 18 hepatobiliary cystadenocarcinomas were drawn from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and Rhode Island Hospital and studied in an attempt to correlate light microscopic features of the tumors with immunohistochemical and follow-up data. The cystadenoma patients ranged in age from 2 to 87 years at the time of initial diagnosis (mean, 45 years). All the cystadenomas were multilocular with benign cuboidal to columnar epithelium, and 44 (85%) had densely cellular spindle cell ("ovarian-like") stromata; 96% were female. Fifty-one cystadenomas were macrocystic lesions, typically lined by mucinous epithelium; one of the benign lesions was a serous cystadenoma (microcystic adenoma) reminiscent of the more commonly encountered pancreatic lesion of the same name. The cystadenocarcinoma patients ranged in age from 24 to 90 years at the time of first diagnosis (mean, 59 years); eight patients (44%) were male. All but one of the lesions were multilocular with malignant in situ (one case) or invasive tubulopapillary (15 cases), solid (one case), or adenosquamous (one case) epithelial components. Areas of preexisting benign cystadenoma were found in six (33%), an observation suggesting that benign lesions may evolve into malignant ones in some patients. Most cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas arose in the liver, a few in the extrahepatic biliary system (including the gallbladder). On follow-up, the cystadenoma patients in general were successfully treated by surgical excision of the lesions in toto; patients treated by subtotal resection often had persistent symptomatic disease. Four cystadenocarcinoma patients died of their tumors; another two patients were alive with persistent disease at last follow-up. In both the benign and the malignant lesions, most tumor cells were positive on immunohistochemical staining with antibodies to cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen; scattered chromogranin-positive cells also appeared in a few tumors of both types. Immunohistochemistry did not yield a diagnostic immunoprofile to distinguish cystadenoma from cystadenocarcinoma or from other epithelial lesions arising within the abdominal cavity. At least two types of cystadenocarcinoma exist, one developing exclusively in female patients, usually accompanied by an "ovarian-like" stroma, which follows an indolent course; and the other, lacking the distinctive cellular stroma, seen in males, follows a more aggressive course and is more likely to result in the patient's death from tumor. It remains an open question whether the cystadenocarcinomas lacking a mesenchymal stroma, which arise in women, will follow the same aggressive course as similar lesions arising in men.
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PMID:Hepatobiliary cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma. A light microscopic and immunohistochemical study of 70 patients. 794 29

The loss of HLA antigens by neoplastic cells is considered important for tumor growth and metastasis, inasmuch as it may allow tumors to escape immune surveillance. We have observed reduced expression of HLA antigens in sporadic colon cancer and adenomas from familial adenomatous polyposis patients. We now studied the expression of HLA class I antigens in patients with sporadic adenomas, which are precursors of colorectal cancer. Expression of HLA class I antigens was studied by immunohistochemistry in (a) sporadic colon adenomas, (b) histologically normal mucosa distant from the adenomas, (c) histologically normal colonic mucosa from patients with history of sporadic colon adenomas, and (d) colonic mucosa from normal subjects. HLA class I antigen expression was moderately reduced in 56% and severely reduced in 44% of the adenomas; this reduction was significant when compared to controls (P < 0.0001). The reduction of HLA class I expression in adenomas was related to the grade of dysplasia of the adenomas. HLA class I expression of normal appearing mucosa was decreased in 76% of patients with adenoma (P < 0.0001) and in 54% of patients with history of adenoma (P < 0.005) compared to normal controls. These changes were antigen specific, inasmuch as the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen, a surface antigen, was not affected. Our findings suggest that reduced HLA class I expression is an early event in the cell transformation process from normal to neoplastic state, preceding in many cases the onset of histological changes. HLA class I could be potentially used as a premalignant marker in the colon.
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PMID:Expression of HLA class I antigens in sporadic adenomas and histologically normal mucosa of the colon. 848 24

The case of a 52-year-old woman with papillary eccrine adenoma is reported. The lesion presented clinically as a slowly growing nodule on the dorsum of the left foot. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of multiple, dilated tubular structures lined by two or more layers of epithelial cells. The inner cell layer formed intraluminal papillary projections in some of the tubules. Most of the lumina were filled by eosinophilic granular material. Immunohistochemical examinations that use the avidin-biotin method showed immunoreactivity to S-100 protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and epithelial membrane antigen. These findings support the hypothesis that papillary eccrine adenoma differentiate toward the secretory epithelium of sweat glands.
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PMID:Papillary eccrine adenoma. A case report with immunohistochemical examination. 849 16

Papillary adenoma of type II pneumocytes is a rare tumour. It is considered to be a benign neoplasm and is derived from immature cells in the bronchioloalveolar epithelium, however, its biological nature has not been elucidated. We report a case of an adenomatous tumour; a papillary adenoma of type II pneumocytes, which we regard as possessing malignant potential. Light microscopically, as well circumscribed, papillary tumour of predominantly cuboidal cells resembling type II pneumocytes was found, but Clara type and ciliated cells were also present. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells reacted positively with antibodies to surfactant apoproteins (A, B), carcinoembryonic antigen, cytochrome P-450 1A1-2 and 2B1-2. Ultrastructurally, many osmiophilic lamellar bodies and electron-dense granules were demonstrated. Semi-serial sections revealed signs of transbronchial dissemination and vascular invasion. Morphometry using 12-dimensional cluster analysis disclosed features of the tumour cells which resembled those of pneumocyte type II adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that the present case has some malignant characteristics and originates from immature bronchiolar or alveolar cells, with a potential to develop into both type II pneumocyte and Clara cell type adenocarcinomas.
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PMID:Papillary adenoma of type II pneumocytes might have malignant potential. 868 74


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