Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001430 (adenoma)
 21,222 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the evaluation of differential diagnostic parameters, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 26), liver cell adenoma (n = 4), focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 8), and secondary liver tumors (n = 15) were studied with histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The study was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and, in some cases, also on frozen sections. The diagnostic contribution of the demonstration of alpha-fetoprotein, alpha-antitrypsin, hepatitis B surface antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and biliary glycoprotein I (BGPI), compared with routine hematoxylin-eosin and reticulin stains was evaluated. For the differentiation between HCC, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia, immunohistochemistry contributed less than the strict application of histologic criteria. Immunohistochemistry of CEA and BGPI, however, appeared to be of help in differentiating between primary and secondary liver tumors as follows: CEA is consistently absent in liver cell tumors, while a bile canalicular staining pattern was seen in 80% of HCC due to the presence of BGPI reactivity.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia. Comparative histopathologic study with immunohistochemical parameters. 243 May 47

The reaction patterns of eight antibodies directed against blood group substances A, B, and H and against Lewis B antigen, difucosylated carbohydrate antigens (DFCA), gastrointestinal cancer antigen (GICA) CA 19-9, carcinoma-associated antigen CA-50, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were studied in mucosa and adenomas of the rectum. Antigenic heterogeneity was a common feature of rectal mucosa and was observed to a considerable degree in adenomas. In general, the rectal mucosa expressed only a few antigens and to a limited extent. The adenomas were more extensively stained than the rectal mucosa. The proportion of positive cells increased with the grade of dysplasia but was relatively unrelated to the histologic type. The proportion of individual antigens expressed and the number of antigens extensively expressed increased between rectal mucosa, benign adenomas, and adenomas with early invasive carcinoma. These findings support the concept of an adenoma (dysplasia)-carcinoma sequence.
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PMID:The adenoma-carcinoma sequence in rectal adenomas. Support by the expression of blood group substances and carcinoma antigens. 245 6

Three mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive predominantly with cytoplasmic antigens of mucinous type ovarian tumors were produced. OM-A MoAb was reactive with 11 of 14 mucinous type and two of three endometrioid type ovarian tumors, although only a minor population of the tumor cells was positive in the latter type. This MoAb was not reactive with serous type, clear cell type, or other types of ovarian tumors, nor with various types of uterine carcinoma. Normal adult and fetal tissues of female genital organs were not positive with this MoAb. Among nongynecological carcinomas, three of six metastatic tumors to the ovary from the gastrointestinal tract, one of five gastric carcinomas, and one of eight lung adenocarcinomas were positive. As for normal adult and fetal tissues of nongynecological origin, epithelium of the normal stomach, small bowel, and bronchus as well as epithelium of fetal small and large bowel and secretory products were weakly positive. Thus, this MoAb showed a selected specificity against mucinous and endometrioid types of ovarian tumors. OM-B MoAb showed a broader specificity than OM-A, reacting with all mucinous type, two of three endometrioid type, and three of 16 serous type ovarian tumors, but not with clear cell type tumors. Adenoma type, but not squamous type, cervical carcinomas and one-half of endometrial carcinomas were positive. This antigen is present in cervical mucosa, but not in ovary or endometrium. OM-C MoAb showed a specificity similar to, but broader than that of, OM-B; i.e., 11 of 14 mucinous type, two of three endometrioid type, nine of 16 serous type, and one of nine clear cell type ovarian tumors were positive. It is reactive with adenoma type uterine carcinoma and normal mucosa of the uterine cervix and with normal surface epithelium of the oviduct. Among nongynecological tumors, OM-B antigen was present in metastatic tumors to the ovary as well as in gastric and pancreatic carcinomas, while OM-C was in metastatic tumors to the ovary and gastric and colonic carcinomas. Thus, the serological analysis showed that these three MoAbs showed selective specificities to mucinous and endometrioid types of ovarian tumors. Preliminary characterization of these three OM antigens suggested that these are distinct from carcinoembryonic antigen or ABH blood group-related antigens.
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PMID:Three novel mouse monoclonal antibodies, OM-A, OM-B, and OM-C, reactive with mucinous type ovarian tumors. 245 45

A total of 13 gastric papillary adenomas composed of 8 papillary and 5 papillotubular adenomas were examined pathologically and immunohistochemically. They showed a dome-like or pedunculated appearance and were located at the antrum, except for one adenoma. Histologically, the adenoma cells showed atypia in varying degree and focal adenocarcinoma was noted in seven lesions. The number of goblet cells was apparently smaller in the papillary than in the tubular portion. Lysozyme was present at the supranuclear region in most papillary adenoma cells, whereas it was concentrated in Paneth's granules in tubular adenoma cells. No difference was found in the distribution and frequency of carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, and carbohydrate antigen CA 19-9 between papillary and tubular adenomas. Paucity of endocrine cells also characterized gastric papillary adenoma. Different phenotypic expressions might reflect the difference in histogenesis between papillary adenoma and tubular adenoma.
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PMID:Papillary adenoma of the stomach. Pathologic and immunohistochemical study. 257 May 60

Using a new anti-CEA (CB-CEA-1) murine monoclonal antibody, the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was studied in normal, premalignant and malignant human adult tissues with particular emphasis on colorectal mucosa. The CB-CEA-1 epitope was poorly expressed in normal adult tissues but was consistently found in colon cancers and adenomas in distinctive immunohistochemical patterns. Some apical staining was found with CB-CEA-1 in cells of normal colon mucosa whereas colon adenocarcinomas had a predominantly cytoplasmic staining pattern. Colonic adenomas presented a varied staining pattern. Some showed apical staining, others a CEA distribution pattern similar to that of adenocarcinomas, particularly those with a villous component. Our findings indicate a differential expression of CB-CEA-1 in adenoma cells in relation to their potential for malignant transformation. The possible usefulness of this Mab defined epitope for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes is indicated.
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PMID:CEA in colonic adenocarcinomas and precancerous lesions. An immunohistochemical study with a novel monoclonal antibody. 261 Oct 22

We reviewed 26 examples of the rare variant of cervical adenocarcinoma that has been designated "adenoma malignum." The patients, three of whom had Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, ranged in age from 25 to 72 years (average, 42 years). The most common presenting symptom was menometrorrhagia, followed by vaginal discharge, postmenopausal bleeding, and abdominal swelling in decreasing order of frequency. In 12 of the patients, the diagnosis was established on the basis of the examination of a cervical biopsy specimen, endocervical curettage specimen, or both. In three of these cases, however, up to four biopsies were performed before the diagnosis was established. In the remaining 14 patients, the diagnosis was not made until the time of operation or pathologic examination of a hysterectomy specimen. On gross examination, the cervix usually appeared abnormal, but occasional specimens were considered unremarkable. The cervix was typically described as firm or indurated. Microscopic examination showed glands that were irregular in size and shape and lined predominantly by mucin-containing columnar epithelial cells with basal nuclei. The tumors typically exhibited deep invasion of the cervical wall, and a portion of the infiltrating tumor was associated with a stromal response in most cases. Minor foci of tumor with a less well-differentiated appearance were present in 15 of the 26 tumors. Argyrophil cells were present in six of 15 tumors. Five of the six tumors containing argyrophil cells stained immunohistochemically for serotonin and peptide hormones. Positive staining for serotonin was seen in four tumors; one of these also contained a few cells positive for neurotensin. Cytoplasmic staining of the tumor cells for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was seen in five of six cases. CEA reactivity was very focal in two of the positive tumors. Microscopic features that were most helpful in distinguishing adenoma malignum from normal endocervix or benign endocervical glandular proliferations were the presence of markedly irregular, abnormally shaped glands; invasion of the cervical wall; a loose edematous or desmoplastic stromal response; foci of less well-differentiated tumor; vascular invasion; perineural invasion; and positive staining for CEA. Despite radical therapy in most of the cases, the prognosis was poor. Follow-up data were available for 22 patients. Thirteen of them died of recurrent tumor, four were alive with recurrent tumor at the time of last follow-up examination, and only three patients were disease free for 2 years or more.4+ tumor of the
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PMID:Adenoma malignum (minimal deviation adenocarcinoma) of the uterine cervix. A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 26 cases. 276 21

The interaction between two cell lines derived from the human salivary gland (HSG), neoplastic epithelial duct HSG cells and myoepithelial human pleomorphic adenoma (HPA) cells, was studied morphologically and immunohistochemically in nude mice tumors produced by inoculation of HSG and HPA cells. Transplantation of HSG cells into nude mice resulted in the production of adenocarcinoma which contained carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nude mice tumors induced by HPA cells were interpreted as myoepithelioma in which the presence of S-100 protein and myosin were identified. On the other hand, the occurrence of squamous cell nests was frequently noted in the nude mice tumors produced by inoculation of a mixture of HSG and HPA cells. The tumor cells present in the squamous cell nests had abundant tonofilaments in the cytoplasm and were attached with tight junction and distinct desmosomes. In addition, the presence of keratin in the tumor cells composing squamous cell nests was demonstrated. When the mixture of HSG and HPA cells treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was transplanted into the nude mice, the tumors produced consisted almost entirely of areas showing the histologic features of anaplastic carcinoma, and did not contain all of the specific cell markers observed in the HSG or HPA tumors. The nude mice tumors induced by PEG-treated HSG or HPA cells were interpreted as adenocarcinoma and myoepithelioma, respectively, and giant cells were occasionally observed in the tumor sections. These findings indicate that neoplastic cells showing differentiation stages other than those of the original two cells can be induced in nude mice by utilizing HSG and HPA cells.
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PMID:Induction of other differentiation stages in neoplastic epithelial duct and myoepithelial cells from the human salivary gland grown in athymic nude mice. 298 17

The localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and lysozyme (LZM) was immunohistochemically studied in 34 carcinomas arising in benign pleomorphic adenomas and 25 normal salivary glands in order to assess its potential diagnostic value. CEA in the normal salivary gland was located in luminal cell membranes of intercalated duct cells and serous acinar cells. Strongly positive cell surface and intraluminal staining of CEA appeared in the areas of gland-forming pattern in pleomorphic adenoma. CEA activity was detected in 7/9 cases (78%) of adenocarcinoma, 10/11 cases (91%) of epidermoid carcinoma, 3/8 cases (38%) of anaplastic carcinoma, 5/5 cases (100%) of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and 1/1 case (100%) of adenoid cystic carcinoma. CEA was always present in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and luminal contents of neoplastic glands. CEA in epidermoid carcinoma may occasionally react strongly in the cytoplasm. Lysozyme-immunoreactivity was detected in the cytoplasm of intercalated duct cells and serous acinar cells of the normal salivary gland but little or no LZM was observed in any of the tumors. These results suggest that the presence of CEA could be a useful marker that provides valuable information for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant areas of carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. Moreover, LZM could be of valuable use for discriminating neoplastic from non-neoplastic tissue of salivary glands.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland: use in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions. 302 Jul 38

There is as yet no specific chromosomal abnormality or gene marker identified for colorectal polyps and cancer. Thus available markers include only phenotypic markers. Tumor markers that have been studied include tetraploidy and increased colonic mucosal proliferation; and these markers have identified those patients that are at high risk for colon cancer. The current "gold standard" of colorectal cancer markers is the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CEA is best used as a monitor of disease and recurrence, and not as a screening or diagnostic test. Newer carbohydrate markers include CA 19-9, incompatible A and B antigens, and T and Lewis antigens. These markers have not shown increased specificity or sensitivity compared to CEA. An interesting recently described marker is ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which serves as a simple overall index of colonic mucosal proliferation. Ornithine decarboxylase levels have shown correlation with the progression from normal mucosa to adenoma and carcinoma, especially in hereditary polyposis syndromes. This enzyme may also serve as a potential therapeutic target. Many markers have been found useless in further clinical trials. Ornithine decarboxylase needs to be studied in greater detail to determine its sensitivity and specificity, in patients with hereditary colonic neoplasia and in patients without genetic syndromes.
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PMID:Ornithine decarboxylase as a marker for colorectal polyps and cancer. 305 22

Although the benign counterpart of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid has never been indicated in textbooks, we propose that C cell adenoma is a rare but distinct clinical entity. Two patients, a 43-year-old man and a 53-year-old woman, had similar thyroid tumors, both about 4 cm in diameter. The cut surfaces of the resected tumors were indistinguishable from a common microfollicular adenoma of the thyroid. Microscopically, the tumors were uniformly composed of fusiform cells without any follicle formation. Neither amyloid deposition nor calcification was found. Although some kind of C cell tumors were suggested, the exact nature was debatable. However, extremely high levels of calcitonin (1330 and 2065 pg/ml, respectively; normal level, less than 170 pg/ml) were found in the stored sera taken preoperatively. Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were normal in both patients. Immunohistochemically, the tumor tissues were positive for calcitonin and neuron-specific enolase but negative for CEA with a monoclonal anti-CEA antibody. No somatostatin, glucagon, or adrenocorticotropic hormone activity was found. It is highly probable that such tumors have not been closely studied and have been regarded as eccentric adenomas of the thyroid or simply as the so-called medullary carcinomas of the thyroid.
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PMID:C cell adenoma of the thyroid: a rare but distinct clinical entity. 319 51


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