Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001418 (adenocarcinoma)
 68,496 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Purified Golgi membranes of the human intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 were used as an antigen to produce a monoclonal antibody, G1/93, which specifically labels a tubulovesicular compartment near the cis side of the Golgi apparatus, including the first cis-cisterna itself, as visualized by single and double immunoelectron microscopy with antibodies against galactosyltransferase. The antigen recognized by G1/93 was identified as a protein with a subunit size of 53 kD. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that the 53-kD protein dimerizes immediately after synthesis followed by formation of oligomers of approximately 310 kD, probably homohexamers. The protein has a transmembrane topology with only a short cytoplasmic segment as assessed by protease protection experiments. Glycosidase digestion studies indicated that the protein is probably not glycosylated. The unique subcellular distribution of the G1/93 antigen in close vicinity to the cis-Golgi is in line with the notion that this protein may delineate the biosynthetic transport pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, G1/93 is a useful marker to identify the cis side of the Golgi apparatus in a variety of human cells.
 ...
PMID:Identification, by a monoclonal antibody, of a 53-kD protein associated with a tubulo-vesicular compartment at the cis-side of the Golgi apparatus. 318 32

The effect of carcinogenesis on various hepatic microsomal parameters and related cell functions was studied in two tumor models. Hepatocarcinoma was produced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) (Solt-Farber model) and mammary adenocarcinoma using R3230 AC cancer cell line. In these models the effect of the tumor on metabolic functions of hepatocytes was studied. In the DEN/2AAF tumor model in nodules phase I components (cytochrome P-450, aminopyrine N-demethylase, arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase) were reduced, together with microsomal progesterone content and total and specific progesterone binding. Phase II components (glutathione, glutathione S-acyltransferase, UDP-glucuronyl transferase, epoxide hydrolase) were increased. In hepatoma the effects were more enhanced. Nodules grown in the speen retained the dedifferentiated enzyme characteristics. In the R3230 AC mammary adenocarcinoma phase I components of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum were reduced, and phase II components increased. Progesterone content and receptor binding were also increased. These results indicate that enzymatic abnormalities in the liver cell are connected with cancer production and the hepatic dedifferentiation seems to be indistinguishable in tumor-bearing liver from those seen with extrahepatic neoplasms.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic metabolism and carcinogenesis. Its role in hepatoma and adenocarcinoma. 338 80

An oncocytoid adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology, is reported. The neoplasm, seen in a 66-year-old man, metastasized to 33 of 46 resected cervical lymph nodes; the patient is currently free of disease 17 months after surgery. Cytologically, the neoplastic cells occurred singly and in small clusters. They had abundant granular cytoplasm with occasional vacuoles, large nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had copious cytoplasm, with moderately increased numbers of mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, mucin droplets and intracytoplasmic lumina. The clinical importance of distinguishing this neoplasm from true malignant oncocytoma is, at present, unknown.
 ...
PMID:Oncocytoid adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland. Cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural findings. 347 71

An autopsy case of primary gastric choriocarcinoma in a 55-year-old male is presented. The tumor was diagnosed as choriocarcinoma of the stomach from a histological examination of biopsy specimens. The level of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was significantly increased in the serum and urine. A histological examination of autopsy specimens showed the tumor of the stomach to be a pure choriocarcinoma composed of syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts with a mixture of eosinophilic necrotic tissues, but with no elements of adenocarcinoma. The tumor showed metastases and/or invasions to the liver, lungs, pancreas, omentum, pleura, peritoneum and lymph nodes. Positive immuno-histochemical staining for the beta-subunit of HCG (HCG-beta) in the gastric tumor was demonstrated in the form of granular diffuse deposits in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts and predominated in syncytiotrophoblasts over transitional cells. Under electron microscopic observation, positive immunostaining for HCG-beta was observed in the perinuclear space, cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and secretory vesicles of syncytiotrophoblasts and transitional cells.
 ...
PMID:An autopsy case of primary gastric choriocarcinoma. 366 67

Ultrastructural changes arising in the pancreas of the Syrian golden hamster after treatment with N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine (BOP) were studied at short intervals. Alterations were found in acinar cells i.e. loss of zymogen granules, dilatation of granular endoplasmic reticulum, depolarization, irregular nucleus and separation of lateral surfaces (intermembranary spaces). As a result, the compact morphology of normal acini switched towards a new structure resembling a pseudo-ductule. Such alterations occurred from the 3rd month and preceded tumor formation. It is noteworthy that ducts and islets of Langerhans appeared unaltered in all instances. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that BOP induced pancreatic adenocarcinoma in hamsters originates in the acinar cell.
 ...
PMID:Ultrastructural changes in acinar cells of hamster pancreas in chemically induced carcinogenesis. 367 79

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was produced against purified microvillus membranes of human small intestinal enterocytes. By means of these probes three disaccharidases (sucrase-isomaltase, lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, and maltase-glucoamylase) and four peptidases (aminopeptidase N, dipeptidylpeptidase IV, angiotension I-converting enzyme, and p-aminobenzoic acid peptide hydrolase) were successfully identified as individual entities by SDS PAGE and localized in the microvillus border of the enterocytes by immunofluorescence microscopy. The antibodies were used to study the expression of small intestinal hydrolases in the colonic adenocarcinoma cell line Caco 2. This cell line was found to express sucrase-isomaltase, lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, aminopeptidase N, and dipeptidylpeptidase IV, but not the other three enzymes. Pulse-chase studies with [35S]methionine and analysis by subunit-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that sucrase-isomaltase was synthesized and persisted as a single-chain protein comprising both subunits. Similarly, lactase-phlorizin hydrolase was synthesized as a large precursor about twice the size of the lactase subunits found in the human intestine. Aminopeptidase N and dipeptidylpeptidase IV, known to be dimeric enzymes in most mammals, were synthesized as monomers. Transport from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the trans-Golgi apparatus was considerably faster for the peptidases than for the disaccharidases, as probed by endoglycosidase H sensitivity. These results suggest that the major disaccharidases share a common biosynthetic mechanism that differs from that for peptidases. Furthermore, the data indicate that the transport of microvillus membrane proteins to and through the Golgi apparatus is a selective process that may be mediated by transport receptors.
 ...
PMID:Expression and intracellular transport of microvillus membrane hydrolases in human intestinal epithelial cells. 389 50

Tissue samples from 12 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were studied by light and electron microscopy. Ten were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by light microscopy. However, three different electron microscopic findings were observed among these ten adenocarcinomas. One showed that the tumour cells had large nuclei with poorly developed intracellular organelles. Many mucinous granules, well developed cellular projections and intracellular microcysts were observed. In the second findings were different in that these cells had no granules. The intracellular organelles were developed poorly and abundant microvilli and cellular projections were observed. These observations suggest that the tumour cells may arise from pancreatic ductular cells. The third specimen showed a completely different appearance. There were pleomorphic nuclei with enlarged nucleoli and the cytoplasm contained swollen mitochondria, a well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and varying numbers of zymogen-like granules. Occasionally, the zymogen-like granules were absent. These characteristics resemble the de-differentiation of acinar cells which has been repeated in experimental pancreatic carcinoma. These results suggest that careful examination of human pancreatic carcinoma may show more cells of acinar origin.
 ...
PMID:Electron microscopic studies of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 400 70

The ultrastructural appearance at primary and metastatic sites of ten ovine small intestinal adenocarcinomas was that of scirrhous tubular adenocarcinoma. Polygonal undifferentiated tumor cells had desmosomes, folded nuclei, and moderate numbers of mitochondria but few other organelles. More differentiated cells were columnar with apical microvilli and basal nuclei. They contained granular endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and secretory granules. Microvillus-lined intracytoplasmic lumina (5-10 micron diameter), fibrous filaments (10 nm diameter, up to 1.4 micron length) and tubular paracrystalline arrays (hexagonal symmetry, 37-nm periodicity) in lumina and secretory granules were seen in some tumor cells in all ten sheep.
 ...
PMID:An ultrastructural study of adenocarcinoma of the small intestine in sheep. 408 81

A new serially transplantable human prostatic cancer (HONDA) in nude mice was established from a patient with metastatic prostate carcinoma. The tumor grows well in male nude mice. Doubling time of the tumor weight at passage #13 was 9.5 +/- 0.87 days (mean +/- SD). The tumor retains the original histological features of adenocarcinoma even after 6 years of continuous passage. High levels of human prostatic acid phosphatase were detected by radioimmunoassay in sera from the tumor-bearing mice. The tumor cells contain human prostate specific antigen. Electron microscopy showed particles resembling type A retroviruses in cisterns of endoplasmic reticulum, and particles resembling type C retroviruses in the intercellular space of the tumor cells. The tumor grew well in female mice treated with testosterone, but not in untreated female mice or castrated male mice.
 ...
PMID:A new serially transplantable human prostatic cancer (HONDA) in nude mice. 620 68

The phototoxicity of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) and dye-laser radiation on adenocarcinoma cells of the human stomach was examined by light and electron microscopy. Adenocarcinoma cells were obtained from human stomach tissue by endoscopic biopsy. The cells were incubated for 5 minutes in the patient's own serum that contained 0.6 mg HPD/ml and then were exposed to dye-laser radiation at 630 nm at an irradiance of 15 mW/cm2. Electron microscopy showed that cytotoxicity was mediated by mitochondrial damage, dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and alterations of the nuclear membrane. The degenerative changes were greater and more frequent in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cells than in well-differentiated ones. No marked temperature rise was detected during irradiation. Neither the dye alone nor light alone had any effect. A singlet oxygen-trapping agent, 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran, prevented adenocarcinoma cell degeneration that otherwise would result from exposure to HPD and dye-laser radiation. Thus singlet oxygen may be the cytotoxic agent in this system.
 ...
PMID:Photodynamic effects of exposure to hematoporphyrin derivatives and dye-laser radiation on human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. 623 20


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>