Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001418 (adenocarcinoma)
 68,496 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 78-year-old man had a tumor of Borrmann type II affecting about one third the circumference of sigmoid colon, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma from biopsy. Although surgical intervention was recommended and the radical operation seemed possible from preoperative examination, the patient first refused it. Of necessity, systemic administration (s.c) and single endoscopic topical infusion of OK-432 and oral treatment of UFT were performed for 1 month. Since the patient agreed to receive an operation later, sigmoidectomy and lymph node dissection (R 2) were performed, resulting in the disappearance of tumor cells histologically. One week before endoscopic infusion, oral UFT and subcutaneous OK-432 were initiated. Although no macroscopic change was found during the topical infusion as compared with the time of first examination, the bulging disappeared, showing a polypoid change and IIc-like findings after 3 weeks. The operation was performed after an additional week, after which a benign tumor was found macroscopically and the disappearance of tumor cells histologically. Although many reports have dealt with the effect of endoscopic treatment for gastric carcinoma, there have been fewer reports describing the endoscopic treatment performed in patients with colon carcinoma, making it difficult to evaluate its therapeutic effect. However, this endoscopic therapy was suggested to be capable of becoming a useful treatment for inoperable colon carcinoma from the present case, whereas chemotherapy was found to have almost no effect on colon carcinoma in general.
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PMID:[A case of sigmoid carcinoma successfully treated with endoscopic topical infusion of OK-432 and UFT oral treatment]. 250 71

This study examines the trophic effects of pentagastrin administration on the growth of transplanted human colon carcinoma in mice. Three different human colon carcinomas were implanted into dorsal subcutaneous pouches of BALB-C athymic mice-tumor A, COLO 320 DM undifferentiated carcinoma; tumor B, WiDr epithelial carcinoma; and tumor C, mucus-producing signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma from a patient volunteer. Tumors grew for four to six weeks and then groups were randomly assigned to receive either saline injections or pentagastrin, 2.0 mg/kg three times a day for 14 days before harvest. Tumors were homogenized and analyzed for DNA, RNA, and protein contents. Each tumor type showed a different biochemical pattern of response to pentagastrin stimulation. The data confirm that pentagastrin is trophic to human colon carcinoma and suggest a possible clinical role for hormonal manipulation.
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PMID:Pentagastrin stimulation of human colon carcinoma. 253 67

Conditioned media collected under serum-free conditions over 24 to 48 h from 18 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines were analyzed for transforming growth factor, types alpha and beta (TGF-alpha and -beta), and platelet-derived growth factor in assays for anchorage-independent growth and radioreceptor competition. Detectable levels of TGF-alpha, TGF-beta, and platelet-derived growth factor were produced by 17, 16, and 6 cell lines, respectively. Three liters of conditioned medium from highly tumorigenic (HT-29, DLD-1, and SW620) and nontumorigenic (SKCO-1) colon cell lines and from nonneoplastic rat kidney (NRK-52E) and small intestinal (IEC-6) epithelial cells were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and assayed for TGF-alpha- and TGF-beta-like activity. The highly tumorigenic colon cell lines produced 10- to 45-fold (soft agar), 19- to 90-fold (radioreceptor), and 4- to 35-fold (radioimmunoassay) more TGF-alpha activity compared to the nonneoplastic rat intestinal (IEC) epithelial cells. NRK-52E did not produce detectable TGF-alpha activity. Radioimmunoassay analysis of peak fractions revealed only TGF-alpha immunoreactivity; epidermal growth factor was not detected. Levels of TGF-beta-like material in the colon carcinoma populations were comparable (HT-29) or elevated (DLD-1, SW620) only 3- to 4-fold (soft agar) or 1- to 3-fold (radioreceptor binding) compared to IEC cells or NRK-52E. Growth factor production is an ubiquitous property of colon carcinoma cell lines maintained in vitro and is consistent with this class of molecule, playing a contributory role in regulating cell growth.
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PMID:Growth factor production by human colon carcinoma cell lines. 254 95

Drug development is needed to improve chemotherapy of patients with locally advanced or metastatic colon carcinoma, who otherwise have an unfavorable prognosis. DNA topoisomerase I, a nuclear enzyme important for solving topological problems arising during DNA replication and for other cellular functions, has been identified as a principal target of a plant alkaloid 20(S)-camptothecin. Significantly increased concentrations of this enzyme, compared to that in normal colonic mucosa, were found in advanced stages of human colon adenocarcinoma and in xenografts of colon cancer carried by immunodeficient mice. Several synthetic analogs of camptothecin, selected by tests with the purified enzyme and tissue-culture screens, were evaluated in the xenograft model. Unlike other anticancer drugs tested, 20(RS)-9-amino-camptothecin (9-AC) induced disease-free remissions. The overall drug toxicity was low and allowed for repeated courses of treatment.
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PMID:DNA topoisomerase I--targeted chemotherapy of human colon cancer in xenografts. 255 20

The observation that warfarin inhibits the growth and metastasis of certain types of clinical and experimental tumors suggests a role for vitamin K in tumor biology. We have investigated synthesis of vitamin K-dependent proteins in four malignant (lung epidermoid carcinoma, melanoma, colon adenocarcinoma, and breast adenocarcinoma) and three normal (colon epithelium, breast epithelium, and fibroblasts) cell lines of human origin grown in tissue cultures. Our results show the following: 1) Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase activity is present in all of the malignant and normal cell lines studied. 2) The malignant as well as normal cell lines synthesize a family of vitamin K-dependent proteins. Microsomal precursors of these proteins with apparent molecular mass of 74, 62, and 34 kDa are common to all malignant and normal cell lines whereas precursors of higher and lower molecular mass seem to be synthesized by some but not all tumor cell lines. 3) The 74 kDa precursor synthesized by colon carcinoma and breast carcinoma was positively identified as a precursor of protein S.
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PMID:Synthesis of vitamin K-dependent proteins by cultured human tumor cells. 214 55

Comparing the toxicities of potential anticancer agents for tumorous and normal cells derived from human intestinal epithelium may be a preferred approach for in vitro testing of compounds directed against colon carcinoma. 5-Hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine, a thymidine analog, was preferentially cytotoxic for two lines of human colon adenocarcinoma cells compared to a cell line derived from normal human fetal intestine. Unlike deoxyuridine and deoxycytydine, thymidine protected HT-29 human adenocarcinoma against 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine toxicity, suggesting that thymidilate synthetase is the probable target enzyme of this thymidine analog. 5-Hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine may hold promise as an agent with specific activity against human adenocarcinoma cells.
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PMID:[The selective toxicity of 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine for the cells of human adenocarcinoma of the large intestine]. 260 23

We studied by immunocytochemistry 573 tissue and 106 cytologic samples of human tumors, non-neoplastic proliferative lesions and normal tissues with the monoclonal antibody (Mab) A-80 that recognizes a mucinous glycoprotein from the colon carcinoma cell line LS-174T. The spectrum of benign and malignant breast lesions was studied as were epithelial tumors of the colon, stomach, pancreas, lung, salivary glands, thyroid, prostate, kidney, endometrium, skin and mesothelium; non-epithelial tumors included lymphomas, melanomas, gliomas, meningiomas, and sarcomas of soft tissue and bone. With a single exception, breast carcinomas regardless of histologic type were reactive while few fibroadenomas stained weakly and focally. In fibrocystic disease, the presence and intensity of the reactivity paralleled the severity of the epithelial proliferation, e.g. staining was strong in foci of severe or atypical hyperplasia, borderline lesions and carcinomas in situ; apocrine metaplasia stained often but less strongly. Barrett's mucosa, colonic polyps and most gastric and colonic carcinomas stained regardless of glandular features while small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas did not. Adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and lung, and a subset of large cell lung carcinomas reacted whereas neuroendocrine carcinomas of those sites did not. Carcinomas of endometrium, ovary and prostate reacted variably whereas thyroid and renal carcinomas and mesotheliomas were either negative or weakly reactive despite the presence of glands. Lymphomas, skin adnexal tumors, nevi, schwannomas, melanomas, gliomas and sarcomas generally did not react but occasional A-80-positive cells were seen in rare sarcomas and meningiomas. Immunostaining patterns in cytologic specimens were similar to the aforementioned. We conclude that Mab A-80 is an excellent marker for breast carcinomas, and for certain proliferative forms of fibrocystic disease that may precede or be associated with carcinomatous transformation. In colonic, pulmonary and gastric carcinomas, staining with Mab A-80 revealed exocrine features regardless of the absence of glands whereas in renal and thyroid carcinomas and in mesotheliomas staining was focal and weak or absent irrespective of glandular features. We suggest that Mab A-80 is a very promising immunolabel for select exocrine carcinomas, and for some of the dysplasias that may precede their development; its ease of application on tissue sections and cytologic specimens should broaden its usefulness.
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PMID:Expression of a new mucin-type glycoprotein in select epithelial dysplasias and neoplasms detected immunocytochemically with Mab A-80. 261 Oct 21

Seventy-four women admitted for breast biopsy were monitored before surgery for anti-tumor cell-mediated immunity using a computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. Spent medium from breast, lung and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines was used as the source of organ-specific neoantigens for standardization of the assay. Peripheral blood leukocytes from 25/40 (62.5%) patients diagnosed after surgery as breast cancer responded to spent medium with a positive non-adherence index (NAI). A positive NAI was inversely related to tumor mass because only 7/18 (38.8%) of those with Stage III or IV had a positive NAI; while 18/22 (81.8%) of those with Stage I or II were positive. Cross-reactive antigenicity was not observed when spent medium from breast cancer was incubated with leukocytes from patients with several other solid tumors nor when leukocytes from breast cancer patients were incubated with spent medium from lung or colon carcinoma cell lines. The antigenic material in the spent medium appears to be an organ-specific neoantigen because only 1/34 patients with benign breast disease had a positive NAI and all normal healthy control individuals were negative. The results of this study show that spent medium of a breast carcinoma cell line is more reliable than crude cancer extracts for use in LAI to detect specific anti-tumor cellular immune responses. The improved method presented in this report can be a useful tool in the early diagnosis of breast cancer and for monitoring of patients with this disease.
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PMID:Anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer evaluated by a computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. 264 73

Although numerous animal tumor models have been used to study colon carcinoma, few display hepatic metastasis. C57B1/6Ros mice inoculated with liver-derived murine colon adenocarcinoma MCA-38 in the ileocolic vein develop distinct hepatic foci within 21 days and survive an average of 35 days. Furthermore, 111In-labeled LD-MCA-38 tumor cells were rapidly taken up by the liver within 60 min and 73% of the label remained in the liver after 24 h. Isolated nonparenchymal liver cells from untreated mice displayed little cytotoxicity against freshly excised 51Cr-labeled MCA-38 cells but did inhibit tumor growth in vitro as measured by inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Treatment with anti-asialo-GM1 decreased the lifespan of MCA-38 tumor bearing mice suggesting that asialo-GM1 positive cells in the liver may inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Nonparenchymal liver cells from mice treated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid showed augmented cytotoxic and cytostatic activity against LD-MCA-38 tumor cells in vitro. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid treatment also significantly increased the lifespan of MCA-38 tumor bearing mice. In conclusion, the host defense system of the liver can be modulated to enhance or inhibit colon-derived experimental hepatic metastasis.
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PMID:Modulation of colon-derived experimental hepatic metastasis by murine nonparenchymal liver cells. 273 72

Investigation of the pathogenesis of human colorectal carcinoma metastasis can be rendered experimentally possible by suitable human cell biological model systems. The purpose of these studies was to establish xenografts in nude mice from human colon carcinoma and from its metastasis in the same patient as an appropriate model. Surgically removed biopsy specimens from a colon adenocarcinoma (grade 3) and its local relapse two years later with metastases in the small intestine were established as xenotransplants and their growth characteristics examined. Both tissue types shared common characteristics with respect to marker expression (carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin). The primary tumor showed remarkable development of necrotic effusion with cytotoxic activity that ceased after several passages. The profile of endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins), the receptors for cellular glycoconjugates in a recognitive protein-carbohydrate interplay with potential relevance to metastases formation, revealed differences between these two human tumor samples of identical origin, especially with respect to beta-galactoside-specific receptors. This glycobiochemical analysis employed standardized procedures. Prolonged passaging was also shown to result in profile alterations, as was similarly noted in comparison to another species. These studies may encourage the application of systems of primary tumor and its metastases in the same patient in attempts to correlate the expression of cellular characteristics with the biological and clinical behavior of human colonic tumor cells.
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PMID:Xenografts from a human colon carcinoma and its metastases: establishment, characterization and differences in the pattern of carbohydrate-binding proteins. 275 Dec 54


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