Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001418 (adenocarcinoma)
 68,496 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum N-POMC level of 103 cases of lung cancer were measured in our hospital. The results were as follows: The lung cancer group, 50.5%, of patienst has an N-PONC level above the normal upper limit. The percentages of the N-POMC levels above the normal limit in lung cancers, such as: squamous-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, SCLC and undifferentiated carcinoma were 52.2%, 50.0%, 47.3% and 57.1%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference of N-POMC levels among these kinds of lung cancers, Eleven of 18 cases of SCLC patients in stage IIIb or IV, and 3 of 9 cases of SCLC patients in stage IIIa had N-POMC levels above the upper normal limit. Could serum N-POMC be one of the indexes for assisting the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer needs further investigation. Cases with carcinoid, thymoma and neurofibroma had higher N-POMC levels too. Six patients had Cushing syndrome.
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PMID:[The clinical significance serum N-POMC level in lung cancer patients]. 780 61

Bombesin (BBS), a tetradecapeptide, stimulates growth of various types of cells, including fibroblasts and human small cell lung cancer, and has been termed the universal "on-switch" due to its ability to stimulate the release of numerous hormones. In addition, BBS receptors have been identified in normal and neoplastic pancreatic tissue. A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line (H2T), established in our laboratory, possesses specific binding sites for BBS. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of BBS on the growth of H2T tumors transplanted into athymic nude mice. H2T cells (5 x 10(6) cells/mouse) were injected s.c. into the interscapular region of the nude mice and then the mice were randomized into two groups (n = 10/group). Mice received either 0.1 ml of saline with 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (control) or 0.1 ml BBS (5 micrograms/kg) intraperitoneally, three times/day. Tumor area was measured twice weekly until the mice were killed (day 32), when tumor and normal pancreas were removed, weighted, and assayed for DNA and protein content. Administration of BBS significantly inhibited H2T tumor area, weight, and DNA and protein content. Conversely, growth of normal pancreas, removed as an in vivo bioassay so as to ensure the efficacy of BBS, was stimulated. We conclude that BBS is a growth inhibitory factor for H2T tumors and that different mechanisms may be responsible for the differential growth effects elicited by normal and neoplastic pancreas in response to BBS.
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PMID:Bombesin inhibits growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (H2T) in nude mice. 780 21

In a prospective study we examined 38 patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma to validate the use of indium-111 pentetreotide (IPT) as a diagnostic tool. Of these 38 patients, 25 had small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 13, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the study was to investigate whether (a) the disease can be reliably detected, (b) IPT allows differentiation between SCLC and NSCLC and (c) IPT provides further information on metastatic disease. After giving their informed consent the patients were injected and imaged 4 and 24 h later using a planar whole-body technique. In addition single-photon emission tomography of the thorax and, if necessary, other areas of the body was performed at 24 h. In the 25 patients with SCLC 22 sites of primary tumour were correctly identified (true-positive, TP); one was false-negative (FN) and two were true-negative (TN), the patients being in full remission. Metastases were correctly identified in ten instances (lung, bone and brain), while the findings were FN in five cases. An additional six FN findings resulted in the area of the upper abdomen due to the physiological uptake in the liver, spleen and kidneys. In the 13 patients with NSCLC, ten findings were TP and 3 FN with respect to the primary tumour. Two FNs were squamous cell carcinoma, and one, adenocarcinoma. Metastases were TP in nine cases and FN in one.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Indium-111 pentetreotide in the diagnostic work-up of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. 787 63

To evaluate the malignancy of lung cancer, nuclear DNA content, AgNORs counts and cathepsin B activity were examined. The survival time of small cell carcinoma patients with limited disease of near diploid is longer than that with limited disease of hyperdiploid pattern. By flow cytometric technique, the proportion of DNA aneuploid pattern were higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma. In squamous cell carcinoma, the prognosis of patients with DNA aneuploid pattern was worse. However, there was no significant difference in survival time of adenocarcinoma patients. A good correlation between the AgNORs counts and tumor volume doubling time of non-small cell carcinoma of lung was observed. However, the AgNORs counts were an independent prognostic factor for survival time of patients with lung cancer. The survival time of lung cancer patients with the marked intensity of cathepsin B was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative and/or weak positive staining pattern. The AgNORs value and cathepsin B activity can serve as a pertinent marker for clinical assessment of malignancy of lung cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical indicators of malignancy of lung cancer]. 792 67

Somatostatin (SS) acts as a universal endocrine off-swich, and also inhibits the growth of neuroendocrine tumors through its specific receptors. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) demonstrates some neuroendocrine characteristics and has been proposed as a candidate for treatment with SS and its analogues. In the present study, we investigated the expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype (SSTR1 and SSTR2) mRNA in various human lung cancer cell lines by the sensitive reverse-transcription-PCR method and Southern blotting. The levels of expression of SSTR1 mRNA were higher in both SCLC and squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma cell lines. Interestingly, SSTR1 gene expression was independent of that of SSTR2 in each SCLC cell line, although the expression of both genes showed a positive correlation in non-SCLC cells. Membranes from a cell line exhibiting highest expression of SSTR2 gene bound SS and its analogue, octreotide, with moderate affinity. These findings may provide useful information for the future clinical application of SS and its analogues for the treatment of lung cancer.
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PMID:Gene expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes, SSTR1 and SSTR2, in human lung cancer cell lines. 796 60

The projected cure rate for patients who develop lung cancer in 1993 is only 13%. The majority of these patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, and are therefore ineligible for curative surgery. Among the minority of patients who undergo surgical therapy with curative intent, the majority experience relapse in metastatic sites. Patients with metastatic disease cannot be cured with currently available therapies. Recent randomized studies suggest that cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens can prolong survival in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. It was thus logical to evaluate cisplatin-based chemotherapy in early disease stages. Many randomized studies have compared radiation therapy alone with radiation plus cisplatin-based chemotherapy in locally advanced, inoperable, stages IIIA and IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. Most, but not all, of these studies show a survival benefit for the combined-modality approach. Although the improvement in median length of survival in these studies is modest, long-term survival rates are often doubled or tripled. The optimal chemoradiotherapy combination is unknown. Fewer randomized trials have evaluated cisplatin-based chemotherapy as an adjuvant to surgery in operable stages I through IIIA disease. A trial of the Lung Cancer Study Group comparing postoperative cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/cisplatin with immunotherapy in stages II and IIIA adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma showed a small survival advantage for the chemotherapy. A European postoperative randomized study comparing cisplatin-based chemotherapy with no therapy also showed a survival advantage for chemotherapy, as did a small ongoing study from M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) with preoperative chemotherapy. However, there are many negative randomized studies evaluating postoperative chemotherapy, especially with non-cisplatin-based regimens, and further studies are obviously needed. Many new agents have produced exciting preliminary results. Response rates in excess of 20% were reported for paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ), irinotecan (CPT-11), topotecan, and gemcitabine. Studies in the next few years will help to define the ultimate role of these agents. Further developments in understanding the biology (and molecular biology) of lung cancer are leading to preclinical studies of antigrowth factors and genetic therapy.
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PMID:The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: current perspectives and controversies, future directions. 805 74

The aim of this study was to illustrate some difficulties in distinguishing late recurrence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), from second primary lung cancer. Three-hundred fourteen SCLC patients were observed at the Institute of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases in Warsaw, during the period 1976-1985. All patients were treated with chemotherapy and 125 were also treated with radiotherapy on the tumour and mediastinum. Nineteen patients (6%) survived 3 years. This group consisted of eight females (9%) and 11 males (5%). In all of them a complete remission was obtained. In six patients from this group no progression of lung cancer was observed. Four of them are still living, 7.9-16.2 years after the start of treatment. Two patients died of heart infarct. In the remaining 13 patients, progression of SCLC or development of new cancer was noted in the course of observation. In seven of them, histological proof of the character of progression was obtained. In four cases non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was diagnosed after 3-11 years of observation. In one of them SCLC metastases in the liver were unexpectedly found in the autopsy, although adenocarcinoma in the lung diagnosed during bronchoscopy was also confirmed in the autopsy. In three cases SCLC was diagnosed. In one case, 2.7 years from the beginning of treatment, only SCLC metastases were found during laparoscopy. SCLC was found in two other cases after a 7-year cancer-free period. In one of those patients, a new lesion was found in the other lung while the second patient developed a new lesion exactly in the place of the former cancer. In six other patients no histological proof of the character of progression was obtained. Two of the six are still living, 8.2 and 15.1 years later. In the first of these two, a new lesion developed very early in the course of treatment in the same place as the primary tumour and it was regarded as the progression of SCLC. In the second patient, who probably had NSCLC the lesion developed in the contralateral lung after 12.5 years of remission and disappeared after radiotherapy. Four patients died of cancer after 3.2-6.4 years of observation. The cumulative risk of a second primary lung cancer after a 3-year survival period oscillated in our SCLC patients between 4% and 6% for every patient/year of observation. It was concluded that prognosis in SCLC patients is still doubtful, nevertheless, some patients made a complete recovery.
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PMID:Risk of late recurrence and/or second lung cancer after treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). 808 8

Taxotere (N-debenzoyl-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-10-deacetyl Taxol; RP 56976; NSC 628503) is a semisynthetic analogue of Taxol. It is twice as active in inhibiting tubuline depolymerization and has a better in vivo activity on B16 melanoma, with responses in advanced colon 38 and PO3 adenocarcinoma. Sixty-five patients (49 women, 16 men), with a median age of 57 years, received 248 courses of Taxotere given as a 1-2-h i.v. infusion every 2 or 3 weeks. Ten distinct dose levels from 5 to 115 mg/m2 were studied. Dose-dependent, reversible neutropenia was the limiting toxicity. Delayed and cumulative skin reactions occurred beyond 70 mg/m2. Alopecia was observed in the majority of patients beyond 70 mg/m2. Four partial responses were achieved in patients with ovarian carcinoma, breast carcinoma, small cell lung cancer, and carcinoma with unknown primary. The pharmacokinetics of Taxotere, determined in 23 patients receiving 20 to 115 mg/m2, was linear. At the highest doses, the Taxotere plasma profile was typically triphasic, with a terminal half-life of 13.5 +/- 7.5 (SD) h, a plasma clearance of 21.1 +/- 5.3 liters/h/m2, and a distribution volume of 72 +/- 40 liters/m2. AUC correlated with the percentage decrease of neutrophils in a sigmoid Emax model. The renal excretion of unchanged Taxotere was very low (< 5% of the dose). The recommended dose for phase II trials with this schedule is 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks.
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PMID:Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of Taxotere (RP 56976; NSC 628503) given as a short intravenous infusion. 809 96

Ten small cell lung carcinoma and 12 non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines of various histological types were studied for constitutive expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). ICAM-1 was present in all squamous and large cell carcinoma cell lines whereas two out of five adenocarcinoma and all small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines showed no basal ICAM-1 expression. ICAM-1 expression was upregulated by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a time- and dose-dependent manner in cell lines with basal ICAM-1 expression. Western blot analysis revealed a molecular size of 85 kDa for ICAM-1 in all but one cell line. The TNF-alpha-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 occurs on the transcriptional level. Adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to lung tumour cell lines could be inhibited by monoclonal antibodies (MAb) (CD11a;CD18) against the receptor of ICAM-1, the leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), but not by a MAb (CD54) against ICAM-1 itself.
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PMID:Differential expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in lung cancer cell lines of various histological types. 811 Apr 95

Lung cancer cases were abstracted from cancer registries in 20 countries to study the distribution of small cell lung cancer around 1985. The international patterns of small cell lung cancer resemble those of squamous cell tumours, and of lung cancer as a whole. Cigarette smoking and occupational risk factors are more strongly associated with squamous and small cell lung cancers than with adenocarcinoma. Inspection of sex differences and time trends in incidence show some differences which may relate to a higher risk for small cell lung cancer in female smokers than in males, and a less rapid decline in risk on smoking cessation.
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PMID:Overview on small cell lung cancer in the world: industrialized countries, Third World, eastern Europe. 816 67


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