Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001418 (adenocarcinoma)
 68,496 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucin-producing pancreatic cancers (MPPC), which include mucinous adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma and cystadenocarcinoma, are radiographically characterized by diffuse or localized dilatation of the main pancreatic duct due to excessive mucin production. Therefore, MPPC are occasionally difficult to distinguish from chronic pancreatitis on CT unless the primary pancreatic lesion is visualized. We compared five cases of MPPC with five cases of chronic pancreatitis with marked duct dilatation to determine differences in CT images between the two diseases. There was no significant difference between the two diseases in the nature of duct dilatation (size, extent, contour) or parenchymal changes (atrophy, enlargement, calcification, cystic lesion). However, dilatation of the intramural duct was characteristically observed in MPPC but not in chronic pancreatitis. Papillary masses in the pancreatic duct, when observed, were another finding specific to MPPC.
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PMID:[CT findings of mucin-producing pancreatic cancer--differentiation from chronic pancreatitis]. 156 Oct 55

Chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma show similar gross and microscopic anatomical features. Morphological examination alone is not always sufficient in diagnostic practice to make the clinically important discrimination between these two entities. Cases of pancreatic tumors were analysed in a morphometric study to evaluate the discriminatory value of nuclear and nucleolar features. Histologic sections of pancreas from 18 cases of chronic pancreatitis and 33 cases of ductal adenocarcinoma were included either into a learning or a test set. A multivariable discriminatory rule was derived from the learning set of 23 cases including nuclear polymorphism and nucleolar density. When applied to the test set, all 28 cases of adenocarcinomas and chronic pancreatitis were correctly classified. Distributional features describing nucleolar density and variation in nuclear size and shape were the most efficient discriminatory variables. Morphometry is shown to be a simple and fast cell analytical method which can support clinical judgement in distinguishing between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Discrimination of pancreatic adenocarcinomas from chronic pancreatitis by morphometric analysis. 159 98

Sialomucin and sulphomucin-secreting cells were studied in the normal and pathologic human pancreas with the high iron diamine-alcian blue technique which allows differentiation between the two types of mucin. In six normal autopsy pancreata, only sulphomucin was found. In benign lesions of either calcifying chronic pancreatitis (seven cases) or obstructed chronic pancreatitis (six cases), sulphomucins were widely predominant. In contrast, malignant lesions (pancreatic adenocarcinoma [12 cases], cystadenocarcinoma [two cases]) or premalignant lesions (mucinous cystadenoma [one case], ductectatic mucinous cystadenoma [four cases], villous adenoma of the main pancreatic duct [two cases]) showed a predominant sialomucin secretion, except for three poorly differentiated pancreatic carcinomas that did not show mucin staining. The sialomucin positivity was not observed at distance from the malignant lesions. In one case of benign enteroid cyst, sulphomucins predominated. These findings indicate a preponderance of sialomucin secretion in malignant or premalignant pancreatic lesions.
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PMID:Predominance of sialomucin secretion in malignant and premalignant pancreatic lesions. 169 55

The aim of this study was to define a cellular antigen associated with human pancreatic ductal carcinoma, and to study its distribution in a large panel of malignant, benign, and normal tissues. For this purpose, monoclonal antibodies were generated against a postmicrosomal fraction of fresh human pancreatic cancer. One such antibody, LD-B1, reacted strongly with 95% of cases of primary and metastatic pancreatic ductal carcinomas. It also immunostained gallbladder carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas. By contrast, it exhibited focal or weak reactivity to 10% of other types of common malignant tumors. On normal pancreas, staining was observed in ductal and centriacinar cells, but not in acinar or endocrine cells. In chronic pancreatitis, ductal staining intensity increased proportionally with the degree of cellular atypia. The antigen was also detected in gallbladder epithelium, bile ducts, ductal epithelium of sweat glands and salivary glands, and focally in a few other normal nonpancreatic tissues. These results suggest that LD-B1 MoAb can be used in immunohistochemical studies as a marker of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Isolation and immunohistochemical characterization of a pancreatic carcinoma-associated monoclonal antibody. 170 63

Making the morphologic distinction between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a diagnostic challenge in small biopsy specimens and fine-needle aspiration samples. It has been suggested that immunohistochemical evaluation for the tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody B72.3 may be helpful in this setting. Formalin-fixed, routinely processed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 29 known cases of chronic pancreatitis and 31 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma were evaluated for reactivity with monoclonal antibody B72.3 using a standard avidin-biotin complex technique. Positive staining was seen in 26 of 31 adenocarcinomas (84%) and in 6 of 29 cases (21%) of chronic pancreatitis. Although monoclonal antibody B72.3 is more commonly reactive with pancreatic adenocarcinoma than with chronic pancreatitis, too many cases of chronic pancreatitis are reactive with this antibody for it to be useful as a diagnostic adjunct.
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PMID:Lack of specificity of monoclonal antibody B72.3 in distinguishing chronic pancreatitis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 172 Sep 18

We reviewed the results of 187 consecutive ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsies of the pancreas in 171 patients to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the method. The final diagnosis obtained at operation, autopsy or follow-up were: adenocarcinoma (n = 83), metastatic cancer (n = 11), cystadenocarcinoma (n = 2), lymphoma (n = 2), malignant gastrinoma (n = 1), pseudocyst (n = 25), cyst (n = 13), chronic pancreatitis (n = 9), normal pancreas (n = 10), abscess (n = 7), benign islet-cell tumour (n = 5), cystadenoma (n = 3). Sufficient cytologic material was obtained in 95.3% of biopsies and the overall accuracy in distinguishing benign from malignant disease was 85.4%. False negative results were obtained in 12 patients (13.1%). Inconclusive results (CIII) were found in aspirates from one cyst and two islet cell tumours. There were no false-positive results. The only complication was a post-biopsy haematoma around the head of pancreas, which resolved spontaneously. Ultrasound-guided pancreatic fine-needle biopsy is a safe method and allows of a high degree of diagnostic accuracy. It has a high specificity. Its sensitivity in the detection of malignancy improves if biopsies are repeated in doubtful cases. It further permits tumours to be graded and allows complications of pancreatitis to be diagnosed.
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PMID:Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle pancreatic biopsy. 173 79

Carbohydrate antigens representing some of the initial steps in mucin O-linked glycosylation were examined in specimens of normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Tn antigen, recognized by Vicia villosa lectin, was expressed by all specimens of normal pancreas (acinar cells) and pancreatic cancers and all but one case of chronic pancreatitis. Sialosyl Tn antigen, recognized by monoclonal antibody TKH2, was expressed in a cancer-associated fashion, being completely absent in normal pancreas but expressed by 56% of chronic pancreatitis and 97% of pancreatic cancers. T antigen, recognized by monoclonal antibody AH9-16, was expressed in 68% of normal pancreas (acinar cells), 67% of chronic pancreatitis, and 48% of pancreatic cancer tissues. These results indicate that normal acinar cells of the pancreas are capable of expressing selected carbohydrate structures associated with the initial steps of mucin glycosylation. The marked expression of sialosyl Tn compared with T antigen in pancreatic cancers suggests that with malignant transformation there is selective usage of glycosyltransferase enzymes involved in mucin oligosaccharide synthesis.
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PMID:Expression of Tn, sialosyl Tn, and T antigens in human pancreas. 185 Mar 75

To determine if changes involving the root of the superior mesenteric artery are specific for neoplasm, the authors retrospectively reviewed 173 computed tomographic (CT) examinations of patients with proved pancreatitis (103 examinations) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (70 examinations). Streaky infiltration of the fat surrounding the root was seen in 27 of 56 examinations of acute pancreatitis, in four of 24 examinations of chronic pancreatitis, in 12 of 23 examinations of pancreatitis complicated by abscess, and in 25 of 70 examinations of pancreatic carcinoma. Periarterial lymph nodes were visible in 14 with acute pancreatitis, in three with chronic pancreatitis, in six with pancreatic abscess, and in 11 with pancreatic carcinoma. A focal mass extended to within 1 cm of the root in 10 with acute pancreatitis, in two with chronic pancreatitis, in four with pancreatic abscess, and in 24 with pancreatic carcinoma; the mass obliterated the periarterial fat in seven with acute pancreatitis, in one with pancreatic abscess, and in 18 with pancreatic carcinoma. Circumferential encasement occurred in one with chronic pancreatitis, in four with pancreatic abscess, in 14 with pancreatic carcinoma, and in none with acute pancreatitis; nearly all cases of encasement revealed loss of periarterial fat. Thus, these indicators are not specific for neoplasm.
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PMID:Root of the superior mesenteric artery in pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma: evaluation with CT. 187 Dec 69

A 43-year-old alcohol-dependent man had sustained three acute episodes of chronic pancreatitis. At the third hospital admission enlarged axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes, widening of the mediastinum and bone metastases were noted. Cytological examination of a needle biopsy of the supraclavicular lymph node revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Because of the marked enlargement of the pancreas and the history, a rapidly and unusually metastasizing carcinoma of the pancreas was diagnosed. In view of the rapid deterioration of the patient no chemotherapy was begun and he died 4 weeks after admission. Autopsy confirmed the chronic pancreatitis but no carcinoma of the pancreas. Instead there was a peritoneal mesothelioma with extensive lymphogenous and haematogenous metastases. The incidence of this tumour is ever increasing. It should be included in the differential diagnosis, because survival time can be increased if the correct diagnosis is made very early.
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PMID:[Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with unusual and extensive metastasis]. 191 10

Most pancreatic adenocarcinomas are known to have ras gene (oncogene) mutations. The site of the mutations is localized in codon 12 of K-ras gene. Such high incidence and localization of the ras gene mutations have not been observed in any other human malignancies. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing method enabled us to analyze DNA sequence around codon 12 of K-ras gene in small quantities of specimens obtained from needle biopsies and aspirate samples for pathological diagnosis. All the materials obtained from 12 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma showed the mutations, whereas those obtained from 6 patients with chronic pancreatitis showed no mutations. In several cases using the mutations of K-ras gene as a marker, this analysis supplemented conventional pathology and cytology in making the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The analysis of ras-gene mutations was useful for the clinical diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Clinical application of ras gene mutation for diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 198 26


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