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Query: UMLS:C0001339 (acute pancreatitis)
 10,593 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A group of 159 dogs divided in 8 sub-groups were studied, in regard to pancreatitis, the purpose of the study was to investigate the participation of the automatic nervous system in the course of acute pancreatitis. The procedures and the results were as follows: 1. Pancreatitis was induced in two forms: a) Injection of gallbladder bile, from the same animal to the pancreatic duct. b) Blind duodenal loop with exclusion of the distal duodenum through the pylorus. In both cases acute pancreatitis was obtained. Fat necrosis was predominant in type a, and hemorrhagic lesions in type b. 2. The anesthetic block of the celiac plexus controlled the pain and shock. The animals were in good general conditions but there were no changes in the pathological process of the pancreas. The same results were noted in surgical resections of splanchnic trunks. 3. When the surgical resections of splanchnic nerves was followed by a waiting period of 20 days from the production of pancreatitis there were no changes in the gland. 5. Vagotomy previous to pancreatitis does not have protector effects in the induction of pancreatitis. 6. Continuous perfusion of E.V. novocaine was of extreme utility. The animals remained without pain and the process remained stable when it was given in the initial face of edema. 7. The enzyme inhibitor (Trasylol) given in the first 24 hs. does not prove to be valuable. Due to the fermentative derangement the condition of the animals was better maintained in relation to the comparative animals.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis. Neurovascular and microcirculatory changes. Pathogenic and therapeutic study]. 246 25

A 22-year-old man with acute pancreatitis developed sudden bilateral blindness with funduscopic features of Purtscher's retinopathy. The topography of retinal abnormalities has been ascribed to the properties of the retinal capillary network. However, the similarity between the distribution of the retinal abnormalities and the density of the nerve fiber layer suggests that the observed topography may, in fact, result from the anatomical characteristics of the nerve fiber layer.
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PMID:Purtscher's retinopathy secondary to pancreatitis. Aspects of the topography of retinal abnormalities. 294 23

The multisystem involvement in acute pancreatitis (AP) is a reflection of the pancreatic gland's capacity to produce a number of potent vasoactive peptides, hormones, and enzymes. The various prognostic criteria are early evaluations of these metabolic derangements. The pathogenesis of hypocalcemia, long recognized as an indicator of severity of AP, is multifactorial. Imbalances of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-calcitonin, the interactions of glucagon, gastrin and other pancreatic hormones with PTH-calcitonin, the role of free fatty acids in binding serum calcium with albumin, and the translocation of calcium ion in muscles and liver, have been recently described but remain conflicting theories. Yet, the time-honored theory of calcium-soap formation enjoys wide acceptance. Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and occasional ketoacidosis in acute pancreatitis have been studied thoroughly. The complex cause-and-effect relationship between hyperlipidemia with acute pancreatitis needs further study. The coagulation abnormalities seem to be initiated by activated trypsin, and their role in microvascular coagulation appears to form a unifying hypothesis for major organ dysfunction, but this requires further investigation. Adult respiratory distress syndrome may be the result of active enzymes that digest pulmonary surfactant and/or microvascular thrombosis. The depression of cardiac function and shock are suspected to be secondary to vasoactive peptides such as bradykinin, or myocardial depressant factor, whose structure has yet to be elucidated. The renin-angiotensin alterations and renal complications in acute pancreatitis have received scant attention in the literature. The onset of moderate visual disturbances, or even blindness, in a patient with acute pancreatitis as a result of retinal vessel thrombosis is fortunately uncommon. Rare but interesting are the manifestations such as subcutaneous fat necrosis, arthralgia, and pancreatic encephalopathy. Despite the extensive literature on the complexities of the pathogenesis of complications of acute pancreatitis, there have been very few advances in the prevention and management of specific complications. It is hoped that further work on modification of enzymatic disturbances induced in acute pancreatitis will result in its effective treatment and prevention of serious complications.
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PMID:Systemic complications of acute pancreatitis. 328

A case of hypercalcaemia in a pregnant patient on substitution therapy for hypoparathyroidism is reported. The clinical picture included transient cerebral disturbances, acute pancreatitis and persistent partial blindness. Calcium metabolism in pregnancy is discussed, and a possible mechanism for the sequence of events is postulated. The relevant literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Hypercalcaemia in pregnancy: a case report. 740 2

Purtscher described sudden blindness in patients with severe head trauma due to a remote retinopathy, characterised by bilateral retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and optic disc swelling seen on fundoscopy. A similar retinopathy has been reported in compressive chest trauma, long bone fractures, and acute pancreatitis. It is less well recognised that Purtscher's retinopathy can occur unilaterally and following less severe trauma. We present a case of unilateral remote traumatic retinal angiopathy following a fracture dislocation of the shoulder joint.
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PMID:Purtscher's retinopathy after fracture dislocation of shoulder joint. 1624 55

Acute pancreatitis presenting as seizures and blindness, is very rare. Purtscher's retinopathy as the cause of blindness in acute pancreatitis; is not well known and rarely diagnosed condition by physicians. Here we report a case of acute pancreatitis presenting as seizures and Purtscher's retinopathy.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis presenting as seizures and blindness. 2020 23