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Query: UMLS:C0001339 (acute pancreatitis)
 10,593 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two series from greater Stockholm consisting of 726 (1960 to 1968) and 1,000 (1977 to 1978) patients over age 70 years with acute abdominal complaints are presented. Almost two thirds were women. Acute cholecystitis dominated both series, but its incidence decreased from 40.8 to 26 percent in the later series. The incidence of malignant disease increased from 3 to 13.2 percent. About one third of the patients were operated on; 50 percent had postoperative complications. Some frequently occurring aberrations of the usual symptoms and signs in acute appendicitis, ileus, and perforated gastric duodenal ulcer are discussed. The overall therapeutic results improved, as judged by postoperative mortality (series I, 23.1; series II, 16 percent) and mortality associated with individual diseases (except for acute pancreatitis). However, total mortality only decreased from 14 to 11.3 percent due to the large number of malignant diseases in series II, which were associated with a mortality of 37.9 percent. In series II the median duration of stay was 10.5 days and 75 percent of the patients were discharged home.
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PMID:Acute abdominal disease in the elderly: experience from two series in Stockholm. 709 11

We report a case of acute pancreatitis associated with campylobacter infection. The patient presented with clinical symptoms and signs which suggested acute appendicitis. However, she was found to have acute pancreatitis with an acute campylobacter infection. Recent reports have shown that campylobacter is pathogenic in the biliary tract, and we suggest that it may also be responsible for some cases of acute pancreatitis in the absence of biliary disease.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis associated with campylobacter infection. 723 65

The right anterior extrarenal space is composed of the perirenal fascia, the right anterior perirenal space, the right anterior pararenal space, and the liver capsule. To clarify the probable causes of an increasing width of the right anterior extrarenal space, the width was measured using ultrasonography for a period of 8 months. The right anterior extrarenal space was measured 3 cm from the superior renal pole and the smallest width obtained in several different scan planes was used. In 1,114 ultrasound examinations, 35 patients were found to have an increased width of the right anterior extrarenal space. Among the 35 cases, the common probable causes for such a condition were found in 27 cases. Eight patients had hyperchogenicity in the right pararenal space, a condition considered to be due to an acute inflammation, including acute pancreatitis, acute cecal diverticulitis, acute appendicitis, ischemic bowel, acute cholangitis, liver abscess, and penetrated duodenal ulcer. Chronic inflammations of an adjacent organ, a previous history of laparotomy, a malignancy with peritoneal metastases, and treatment with corticosteroid were considered the causes behind the condition in the 19 patients with normal echogenicity. For the remaining 8 patients, causes were not found during the follow-up period. This study indicates that life-threatening diseases, such as acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and malignancy of the abdomen, could be the cause of an increase in the width of this space.
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PMID:Causes of increasing width of right anterior extrarenal space seen in ultrasonographic examinations. 764 66

Difficulties in differential diagnosis of acute impairement in mesenterial circulation (AIMC) and acute pancreatitis (AP) were noted in 39 patients. At laparoscopy, AP was diagnosed in 21 patient, AIMC--in 11, acute appendicitis--in 3, perforative gastric ulcer--in 2. In 2 patients, no pathologic changes were revealed. The diagnosis established by means of laparoscopy, in 9 patients was confirmed at operation, in 10--at autopsy, in the remaining patients--at dynamic follow-up and use of other methods of investigation. Use of therapeutic laparoscopy contributed to improved of the results of treatment of the patients.
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PMID:[Laparoscopy in the differential diagnosis of acute disorders of the mesenteric blood circulation and acute pancreatitis]. 793 53

Aetiologic factors (gallstones, hyperlipidemia I-IV, hypertriglyceridaemia) make their occurrence, mainly, in the third trimester of gestation. Two cases of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy are described; in both cases patients referred healthy diet, no habit to smoke and no previous episode of pancreatitis. An obstructive pathology of biliary tract was the aetiologic factor. Vomiting, upper abdominal pain are aspecific symptoms that impose a differential diagnosis with acute appendicitis, cholecystitis and obstructive intestinal pathology. Laboratory data (elevated serum amylase and lipase levels) and ultrasonography carry out an accurate diagnosis. The management of acute pancreatitis is based on the use of symptomatic drugs, a low fat diet alternated to the parenteral nutrition when triglycerides levels are more than 28 mmol/L. Surgical therapy, used only in case of obstructive pathology of biliary tract, is optimally collected in the third trimester or immediately after postpartum. Our patients, treated only medically, delivered respectively at 38th and 40th week of gestation. Tempestivity of diagnosis and appropriate therapy permit to improve prognosis of a pathology that, although really associated with pregnancy, presents high maternal mortality (37%) cause of complications (shock, coagulopathy, acute respiratory insufficiency) and fetal (37.9%) by occurrence of preterm delivery.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis and pregnancy]. 813 93

To understand the surgical approach to acute abdominal pain, the internist must be familiar with common presentations of most abdominal emergencies; these emergencies include acute appendicitis, acute gall bladder disease (biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, and acute pancreatitis), ischemic bowel disease and ischemic colitis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and intestinal obstruction. Nothing compares to experience; this article reviews the salient points that deserve consideration.
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PMID:An internist's approach to acute abdominal pain. 837 23

This study reports major gastrointestinal complications in a group of 416 patients following kidney transplantation. Three hundred and ninety-nine patients received a cadaveric kidney while the other 17 received a living related organ. The immunosuppressive regimen changed somewhat during the course of the study but included azathioprine, prednisolone, antilymphocyte globulin, and cyclosporin. Perforations occurred in the colon (n = 6), small bowel (n = 4), duodenum (n = 2), stomach (n = 1), and esophagus (n = 1). There were five cases of acute pancreatitis, four of upper gastrointestinal and two of lower intestinal hemorrhage, two of acute appendicitis, one of acute cholecystitis, one postoperative mesenteric infarction, and two small bowel obstructions. Fifty percent of the complications occurred while patients were being given high-dose immunosuppression to manage either the early postoperative period or episodes of acute rejection. Ten percent of the complications had an iatrogenic cause. Of the 31 patients affected, 10 (30%) died as a direct result of their gastrointestinal complication. This high mortality appears to be related to the effects of the immunosuppression and the associated response to sepsis. Reduction of these complications can be achieved by improved surgical management, preventive measures, prompt diagnosis, and a reduced immunosuppressive protocol.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal surgical emergencies following kidney transplantation. 849 65

Ascariasis is a helminthic infection of global distribution with more than 1.4 billion persons infected throughout the world. The majority of infections occur in the developing countries of Asia and Latin America. Of 4 million people infected in the United States, a large percentage are immigrants from developing countries. Ascaris-related clinical disease is restricted to subjects with heavy worm load, and an estimated 1.2 to 2 million such cases, with 20,000 deaths, occur in endemic areas per year. More often, recurring moderate infections cause stunting of linear growth, cause reduced cognitive function, and contribute to existing malnutrition in children in endemic areas. Ascaris infection is acquired by the ingestion of the embryonated eggs. The larvae, while passing through the pulmonary migration phase for maturation, cause ascaris pneumonia. Intestinal ascaris is usually detected as an incidental finding. Ascaris-induced intestinal obstruction is a frequent complication in children with heavy worm loads. It can be complicated by intussusception, perforation, and gangrene of the bowel. Acute appendicitis and appendicular perforation can occur as a result of worms entering the appendix. HPA is a frequent cause of biliary and pancreatic disease in endemic areas. It occurs in adult women and can cause biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, and hepatic abscess. RPC causing hepatic duct calculi is possibly an aftermath of recurrent biliary invasion in such areas. Ultrasonography can detect worms in the biliary tract and pancreas and is a useful noninvasive technique for diagnosis and follow-up of such patients. ERCP can help diagnose biliary and pancreatic ascariasis, including ascaris in the duodenum. Also, ERCP can be used to extract worms from the biliary and pancreatic ducts when indicated. Pyrantel pomoate, mebendazole, albendazole, and levamisole are effective drugs and can be used for mass therapy to control ascariasis in endemic areas.
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PMID:Ascariasis. 886 40

The experience of operative treatment in 14 cases of acute abdomen complicated by malignant hemopathy was reported. Primary diseases consisted of AL, NHL, MM, MH and MDS-RA, 13 cases of them were at progressing stage. The acute abdominal conditions included acute appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis, peritonitis secondary to intestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, primary peritonitis and ileocecal syndrome. The type of acute abdomen was related with primary desease and chemotherapy. 8 cases were operated and 2 of them died of complications after operation. Biopsy of excised tissue showed tumor cells in 2 cases. The rate of correllation between preoper active and postoperative diagnosis was 62.5%. These findings suggest that malignant infiltration in the viscera, duration of abdominal pain before operation and the change of blood picture are the major factors for determining operative indication and the postoperative prognosis.
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PMID:[An approach to operative treatment for acute abdomen complicated by malignant hemopathy]. 981 68

The diagnostic combined laparoscopy was performed in 3.3% of patients, hospitalized with conjectural diagnosis of an acute disease of the abdominal cavity organs. In 655 of the total of 16,233 patients operated on in emergency, an acute disease was not revealed. In 37.3% of patients an urgent laparoscopy was performed for the abdominal trauma. Diagnosis, established before the laparoscopy performance, was confirmed in 36.6% of patients. Basing on the urgent laparoscopy data, performed for abdominal trauma, in 133 (49%) of patients the laparotomy conduction have been avoided. Conjectural diagnosis of an acute appendicitis according to the laparoscopy data was confirmed in 25.6% of observations, perforative ulcer--in 28.6%, an acute cholecystitis--in 54.3%, an acute pancreatitis--in 45.6%.
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PMID:[Diagnostic possibilities of laparoscopy in acute surgical diseases of the abdominal organs]. 1085 35


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