Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0001175 (AIDS)
 120,706 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common respiratory infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and inhalation of pentamidine aerosol is currently used for secondary prophylaxis. A 16-year-old patient with hemophilia A and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had a spontaneous pneumothorax during inhalation of pentamidine aerosol for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Tube thoracostomy and pleurodesis were done without success. Thoracotomy was done 27 days after admission. The patient tolerated the procedure well, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Grocott staining of tissue from the bronchopleural fistula revealed Pneumocystis carinii, which suggests that the pentamidine aerosol failed to control and active Pneumocystis infection in peripheral lung zones.
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PMID:[Thoracotomy as treatment for pneumothorax associated with pneumocystic carinii pneumonia in a patient with hemophilia A and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. 882 5

With the use of the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) peptide-based ELISA to measure anti-PND antibodies that specifically bound synthetic peptides derived from HIVIIIB, HIVMN, HIVRF, HIVSC, HIVWJM-2, HIVAf1l.con, or HIVAf2.con, type-specific antibodies to the HIVMN peptide were studied in 350 serum specimens from Japanese with hemophilia A who had been injected with known unheated factor VIII concentrates until 1985 and had been infected with HIV-1 subtype B. These antibodies were not found in any of the seronegative sera of hemophiliacs, patients with autoimmune diseases, or normal healthy controls. Further, all hemophiliacs rapidly progressing to AIDS and death among the 95 hemophiliacs in a restricted Nara area had antibody titers of less than 20 and their low levels preceded the rapid progression to the disease state. In contrast, slowly progressing hemophiliacs maintained an antibody titer of more than 100 from the initial stages of viral infection and remained asymptomatic. Sequence analysis of the V3 regions of HIV-1 indicated that the hemophiliacs who maintained a high anti-PNDMN antibody level showed a conserved MN sequence. In contrast, the HIV-infected hemophiliacs with nonreactivity in the ELISA showed sequence changes in the neutralizing epitopes of HIVMN. The dynamic of the serum anti-PNDMN antibody titer appear to be a characteristic indicator of the progression of the HIV-infected status in Japanese hemophiliacs seropositive for HIV-1.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997 Mar 01
PMID:Correlation of titer of antibody to principal neutralizing domain of HIVMN strain with disease progression in Japanese hemophiliacs seropositive for HIV type 1. 907 31

This analysis evaluated the extent to which infections with selected blood-borne viruses, specifically infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and/or the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), continue to contribute to the morbidity of persons with hemophilia. The Georgia Hemophilia Surveillance System collected information on 336 state residents with hemophilia A or B who were followed by a physician in 1994. Data abstracted from medical records included information on demographics, sources of hemophilia care, clinical characteristics, joint range of motion measurements, hospitalization, and results of laboratory testing for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and the human immunodeficiency virus. Prevalence of infection with one or more of these viruses was determined, and relationships with disease severity, bleeding frequency, and amount of clotting factor prescribed were explored. No child under the age of ten was positive for the human immunodeficiency virus; hepatitis infection was also uncommon in this age group, in contrast to the very high frequency of such infections among older subjects. There was a strong association between HIV positive status and infection with one of the hepatitis viruses. The likelihood of all types of viral infection increased with frequency of bleeding and with amount of clotting factor received. Efforts to prevent transmission of lipid-enveloped viruses via clotting factor have been extremely effective. However, currently infected hemophilia patients will likely experience significant morbidity and mortality due to chronic liver disease and AIDS-related complications.
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PMID:Viral infections among patients with hemophilia in the state of Georgia. 972 74

Tracking the natural history of HIV/AIDS in the hemophilia community is useful for planning future health care needs and for adjusting estimates of the prevalence of hemophilia as the impact of HIV/AIDS wanes over time. The present study was designed to determine the annual prevalence of HIV infection from 1988 through 1997 in a population of males with hemophilia A or B. Data were obtained from the Oklahoma Hemophilia Surveillance System and were limited to individuals who were seen at the Oklahoma Hemophilia Treatment Center. In 1988, the prevalence rate of HIV infection was 34 percent. Rates have declined in each subsequent year through 1997. The highest rates of HIV infection were observed in persons with severe hemophilia and hemophilia A. The overall prevalence rates of HIV infection in this treatment center population are lower than those reported in other populations. No new cases of HIV infection were observed in persons with hemophilia born after 1985.
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PMID:Secular trends in the prevalence of HIV infection among a population of males with hemophilia, 1988-1997: the Oklahoma Hemophilia Surveillance System. 1050 98

HIV-1 RNA levels are routinely monitored as part of patient management. However, little is known about the course of HIV-1 RNA levels over the entire period of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the course of HIV-1 RNA levels in a cohort of men with hemophilia who were observed for up to 17 years after HIV-1 seroconversion, and to assess the risk of HIV disease progression at any HIV-1 RNA level. Viral loads were measured on annual stored serum samples in 107 men with hemophilia A using the Roche Amplicor Monitor assay with non-B primers. On average, HIV-1 RNA levels increased significantly by 0.11 log10 per year over the course of HIV infection. This rate of increase was significantly faster in those who developed AIDS or died over the subsequent 12 to 17 year period, and in those who were older at HIV- 1 seroconversion. The risk of developing AIDS and death remained low when the HIV-1 RNA level was below 4 log10 copies/ml, but increased rapidly thereafter, supporting current guidelines for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy after the viral load has exceeded this level.
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PMID:Course of viral load throughout HIV-1 infection. 1073 32

Although persons with hemophilia are known to be at increased risk of death, no studies have examined the source of medical care and other personal characteristics for associations with mortality. To determine death rates and to identify causes of death and predictors of mortality, we studied a cohort comprised of all hemophilic males identified by a six-state surveillance system. Data were obtained by medical record review of contacts with physicians, hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs), and other sources of care during 1993-1995 and from death certificates. Factors examined included age, race, state of residence, health insurance type, medical care source, hemophilia type/severity, presence of inhibitor, liver disease, HIV infection, and AIDS. A total of 2950 subjects were followed for an average of 2.6 years. Their median age was 22 years; 73% were white, 79% had hemophilia A, 42% had severe disease, and 67% had visited an HTC. During 7575 person years (PYs) of observation, 236 persons died-an age-adjusted mortality rate of 40.4 deaths/1000 PYs; 65% of deaths were HIV related. In addition to age, factors independently associated with increased risk of death (relative risk, P value) were the following: AIDS (33.5, <.001); HIV infection (4.7, <.001); liver disease (2.4, <.001); and Medicare/Medicaid insurance (1.4,. 01). Those persons who had received care in an HTC had a significantly decreased risk of death (0.6,.002). Although HIV infection and the presence of severe liver disease remain strong predictors of mortality, survival is significantly greater among hemophilics who receive medical care in HTCs. (Blood. 2000;96:437-442)
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PMID:Mortality among males with hemophilia: relations with source of medical care. The Hemophilia Surveillance System Project Investigators. 1088 3

Hematologic diseases potentially benefiting from gene-based therapies involving hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) include hereditary hemoglobinopathies, immunodeficiency syndromes, and congenital bleeding disorders such as hemophilia A, as well as acquired diseases like AIDS. Successful treatment of these blood diseases with gene-modified HSCs requires high efficiency gene delivery to the target cell population and persistence of transgene expression following differentiation. We review flow cytometric procedures that permit simultaneous, noninvasive measurements of transgene expression and phenotypic discrimination of hematopoietic cell subsets. Central to this approach has been the recent development of a spectrum of blue, cyan, and yellowish-green fluorescent reporters based on the jellyfish Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein and the discovery of a red fluorescent protein in DISCOSOMA: coral. This methodology should facilitate the optimization of oncoretroviral and lentiviral vectorology and HSC transduction protocols for the ultimate purpose of HSC-directed gene therapy.
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PMID:"Rainbow" reporters for multispectral marking and lineage analysis of hematopoietic stem cells. 1123 66

The Tenth International AIDS Conference focused on groups who often receive less attention: Asians, women, and persons with hemophilia. The conference revealed that there is a worldwide leveling of the male/female ratio of HIV infections, showing that transmission is now predominantly heterosexual and through IV drug use. Very little was discussed about women's health and treatment needs. Several men and adolescents with hemophilia/HIV infection from the Japanese hemophilia community shared their personal stories. A highlight of the conference was Yoshiaki Ishida's presentation, who described the conditions of HIV-infected persons with hemophilia living in Japan. While 1985 saw the first announced AIDS case in Japan, 40 percent of the hemophilia population were already infected. Because antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrates were imported from the United States into Japan between 1972-85, several lawsuits have been initiated, citing Japanese law prohibiting the importation of any drugs which are or are likely to be contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms. The conference ended without addressing any important treatments or discussions about alternative therapies. A unifying theme did arise against the prevailing discriminatory travel restrictions for HIV-positive persons.
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PMID:"Yakugai" AIDS and the Yokohama Xth international AIDS conference. 1136 35

The American Red Cross has recalled 164 lots of antihemophilic factor (AHF) and albumin, due to the potential contamination of this product with the causative agent of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD). While CJD has not been shown to be passed through blood or plasma products, it can be transmitted by human tissues and human-derived growth hormone, it is not inactivated by normal cleansing processes, and there is no screening test for its presence in blood. The product withdrawals once again bring up the question of the safety of the nation's blood supply. CJD progresses rapidly and causes irreversible dementia and death. Its course and prevalence rate are uncertain. It is suspected that the CJD agent may be more dangerous in persons with compromised immune systems than in others, therefore, for the AIDS community, blood supply contamination that brings the possibility of new disease transmissions is a very real threat. As CJD shows, safety cannot be assured in the factor products used. One way to lessen the threat is to use smaller pools of plasma to produce the products.
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PMID:Creutzfeld-Jacob disease and blood product recalls. 1136 57

The use of protease Inhibitors (PI) has been associated with many adverse effects including increased tendency to bleed, which is particularly problematic in individuals with congenital coagulation disorders. We report the occurrence of spontaneous intracranial bleeding in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescent with hemophilia A who was receiving amprenavir (APV). The bleeding resolved on discontinuation of APV. This case report highlights a need for awareness of increased bleeding as a potentially serious complication associated with the use of all currently licensed PIs in individuals with hemophilia.
AIDS Patient Care STDS 2001 Jul
PMID:Possible linkage of amprenavir with intracranial bleeding in an HIV-infected hemophiliac. 1148 61


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