Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001175 (AIDS)
 120,706 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve patients were treated in a Phase I trial of purified human interleukin-2 (IL-2) derived from the JURKAT cell line (E.I. duPont Corp., Glenolden, PA, U.S.A.). The serum half-life, toxicity, and in vivo immunologic effects of IL-2 were studied in patients with cancer unresponsive to standard therapy and in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patients received 0.25, 2.5, or 25 micrograms/kg IL-2 by bolus or 24-h continuous infusion on a weekly basis for 4 weeks. The serum half-life of JURKAT IL-2 in humans was approximately 6 min. At higher doses of IL-2 a second component of clearance with a half-life of 30-120 min was found. Acute toxicity was minimal and consisted of headache (6 of 12), nausea (4 of 12), malaise (6 of 12), and fever and chills (8 of 12). No evidence of pulmonary, hematologic, or renal toxicity or any evidence of autoimmune phenomena was detected. A transient hyperbilirubinemia was seen in two patients receiving 2 mg purified IL-2. No demonstrable effect on tumors or chronic immunodeficiency (AIDS) was seen. No consistent chronic immunologic effects (natural killer or lymphokine-activated killer activity, mitogen responsiveness, total lymphocyte counts, or change in the proportion of various mononuclear cell phenotypes as defined by monoclonal antibody) were seen on a week-to-week basis during or following therapy. Acute changes in lymphokine responsiveness, the ability to generate lymphokine-activated killers, and an increase in macrophages in the mononuclear population were noted following administration of 1-2 mg IL-2.
 ...
PMID:Systemic administration of interleukin-2 in humans. 633 35

Pneumonia unresponsive to antibacterial agents in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become a new indication for lung biopsy. In 14 patients, transbronchial or open-lung biopsy demonstrated Pneumocystis carinii. An additional 12 patients, who were immunosuppressed after renal transplantation, were seen with P. carinii pneumonia. The diagnosis was established by transbronchial biopsy in the majority of patients. All patients were treated initially with trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole. Pentamidine was added after diagnosis if improvement did not occur. Both groups demonstrated reversal in the T cell helper: suppressor ratio. We compared these two groups of immunocompromised patients with respect to clinical presentation, lung pathology, response to therapy, and survival. Patients with AIDS were seen with a two- to three-week prodrome of fever, lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and malaise followed by hypoxia and leukopenia within 12 hours. Transplant patients became acutely ill with fever and hypoxia within 24 to 36 hours. In both groups, chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuse infiltrates; sputum cultures were generally negative; and lung biopsy demonstrated Gomori-Jones periodic acid-methenamine-silver-positive P. carinii. Mortality was substantially higher in patients with AIDS (50% versus 8%). This difference may be explained by the fact that the T cell defect in AIDS has an infectious cause, while the defect in the renal allograft recipient is pharmacologically mediated.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of biopsy-proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients and renal allograft recipients. 638 15

A 25-year-old man with hemophilia who had been treated primarily with cryoprecipitate presented with epigastric pain and loose, melenic stools. He had a long history of malaise and intermittent upper respiratory tract infection with fever. The patient was shown to have disseminated histoplasmosis and refractory herpes simplex. Immunologic studies demonstrated a markedly decreased ratio of helper to suppressor T cells, lymphopenia, cutaneous anergy and a slightly elevated serum IgA level. These findings met the criteria for the diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In addition, antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus were detectable in the serum.
 ...
PMID:AIDS in a patient with hemophilia receiving mainly cryoprecipitate. 642 32

This paper presents a case in which treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was attempted with thymic humoral factor (THF). The capacity of THF for immunoenhancement and modulation of the immune response has been demonstrated in other conditions. The patient, a 24-year old black male homosexual from San Francisco, had experienced fever spikes, malaise, fatigue, anorexia, gradual vision loss, and weight loss over an 8-month period. Lymphopenia, T cell deficiencies, and imbalances in T cell subpopulations established the diagnosis of AIDS. Treatment with arabinoside A and fibroblast interferon was not effective. THF was then administered by daily injections for 3 weeks. At the end of the 2nd week of treatment, increased alertness and appetite were noted. Also documented was a transient increase in circulating lymphocytes, T cells, and helper cells. However, at the end of the 3rd week, the patient developed bronchopneumonia followed by renal failure and died in an acute encephalopathic state. Only 1 other (unsuccessful) attempt to treat an advanced case of AIDS with a thymic hormone has been reported. It is suggested that THF treatment might be more effective if offered at a very early stage of AIDS. It is hypothesized that a sufficient pool of precursor T cells is required to serve as target cells for immune modifiers such as THF. This precursor pool probably shrinks beyond rescue in the advanced stages of AIDS. The authors are currently involved in trials of immunomodulation with THF at early stages of immune impairment in pre-AIDS patients.
 ...
PMID:Attempted treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with thymic humoral factor. 654 6

Persistent unexplained lymphadenopathy with intermittent fever, weight loss, night sweats and malaise was observed in the period from March 1983 to April 1984 in 66 intravenous drug addicts living in Milan. A high percent of these subjects showed cellular immunity alterations, with significant decrease of total lymphocyte count (p less than 0.001) and of OKT4+ cells (percent and absolute number) (p less than 0.001) OKT8+ cells were augmented in percent, but not in absolute count. OKT4/OKT8 cell ratio were inverted, with significant reduction versus the healthy controls (p less than 0.001). IgG mean concentrations were significantly higher than the normal (p less than 0.001). Anergy or hypoergy to recall skin testing were evidenced in 58/66 patients. Cases of persistent unexplained lymphadenopathy associated with abnormalities of cellular immunity are considered as a possible prodrom of AIDS and were frequently observed in high risk populations. The occurrence of this clinical syndrome in a urban area may be premonitory of further progression to the epidemic. It will be necessary to assess whether this clinical and immunological picture will result in some of these patients in full blown acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[Generalized and persistent lymphadenopathy in drug addicts: clinical and epidemiological aspects]. 654 37

Clinical disease states encountered in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been reviewed with an emphasis on oral Kaposi's sarcoma. The disease is reaching epidemic proportions among homosexual males and is characterized by onset of fever, malaise, diarrhea, and lymphadenopathy. Subsequent to these initial nonspecific signs and symptoms, patients develop a variety of opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma (or both). The oral lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma are characterized by red, blue, or purple plaques or nodules encountered primarily, yet not exclusively on the palate. Other oral manifestations of AIDS include candidiasis and herpetic stomatitis. Epidemiologic studies suggest the probability of a transmissible agent, perhaps a virus. It is recommended that dental care should be rendered to these patients, using mask and gloves with autoclave sterilization of all instruments.
 ...
PMID:Oral Kaposi's sarcoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among homosexual males. 657 66

A 53-year-old white man had fever, malaise, and dyspnea on exertion. His chest roentgenogram was normal, but pulmonary function tests showed impaired diffusion capacity and a gallium scan showed marked uptake in the lungs. Results of an open-lung biopsy documented Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Immunologic test results were consistent with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The patient denied having homosexual contact or using intravenous drugs. Twenty-nine months before the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia was made, the patient had had 16 transfusions of whole blood, platelets, and fresh-frozen plasma during coronary artery bypass surgery at another medical center. This patient is not a member of any currently recognized high-risk group and is believed to have contracted the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from blood and blood-product transfusions.
 ...
PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with blood-product transfusions. 660 3

Although hepatobiliary involvement is common in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, it infrequently leads to biliary tract abnormalities. We describe a 39-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection and no previous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining illnesses, who presented with malaise, right upper quadrant pain, lymphadenopathy and cholestasis. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated sclerosing cholangitis due to disseminated B-cell nonHodgkin's lymphoma. Following chemotherapy, his symptoms and signs rapidly improved, so that 1 month later his endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography had returned entirely to normal.
 ...
PMID:Reversible AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis. 749 94

The first case of disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection with meningitis in an AIDS patient is reported. A 54-year-old male HIV-positive patient was admitted for evaluation of fever, weight loss, inappetence, fatigue and malaise. Mycobacterium bovis (non-BCG) was isolated from blood, bone marrow, stool, urine, sputum, abdominal lymph nodes and cerebrospinal fluid. Antituberculous therapy using a five-drug regimen plus steroids resulted in complete recovery.
 ...
PMID:A case of disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection in an AIDS patient. 761 65

Disseminated toxoplasmosis in AIDS is a rare condition. We present an unusual case of a fulminant form of disseminated toxoplasmosis in a young male homosexual. He was a 30-year-old HIV-positive (diagnosed 4 months earlier), admitted with a 5-day history of diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and cough. He had been generally healthy except for an 8-week history of weight loss and malaise. On admission, except for a temperature of 37.6 degrees C, the physical examination was normal. He was treated symptomatically. Four days after admission he suddenly became short of breath. Despite intensive management, he continued to deteriorate and expired 6 h later. Postmortem examination revealed disseminated toxoplasmosis involving the heart, lungs, brain, stomach, small intestine, and colon. This is an unusual presentation of disseminated toxoplasmosis because of its rapid course with no prior indication of infection. To our knowledge, such an atypical and rapid downhill course of toxoplasmosis (with minimal clinical and laboratory features) has not been reported previously. Increased awareness of this infection in all HIV patients and its possibly rapid course is needed.
 ...
PMID:Fulminant disseminated toxoplasmosis in an HIV patient. 766 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>