Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0001175 (AIDS)
 120,706 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three isolates of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus (lymphadenopathy-associated virus, human T cell lymphotropic virus strain III, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus) were compared with simian AIDS virus by thin section transmission electron microscopy. Simian AIDS virus was found to form intracytoplasmic A particles and to bud by both ring forms and crescent shapes. The extracellular mature simian AIDS virus exhibited a cylindrical nucleoid within a tubular or conical core shell. The simian AIDS virus was morphologically indistinguishable from Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, the prototype D type retrovirus, although the two were readily distinguished by radioimmunoassay and restriction endonuclease mapping. All three AIDS virus isolates exhibited identical ultrastructure and maturation sequences. The AIDS viruses did not form intracytoplasmic A particles and budded only with crescent-shaped nucleoids. Mature extracellular AIDS viruses contained an eccentric spherical nucleoid within a conical or tubular core shell. AIDS virus was found to show many morphologic features of the retroviral subfamily Lentivirinae. The AIDS virus isolates appear to form a new group of retroviruses.
 ...
PMID:Ultrastructural comparison of the retroviruses associated with human and simian acquired immunodeficiency syndromes. 299 55

Infectious retrovirus(es) associated with the human (LAV, HTLV-III, ARV) and simian (SAIDS-1) acquired immune deficiency syndrome were compared by electron microscopy, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques and by restriction endonuclease mapping of the viral genomes. The extracellular virus particles had similar type D morphology, but intracytoplasmic type A nucleoids were found only in SAIDS virus infected cells. Although the antigens of the three prototype AIDS viruses were similar, no cross-reactivity with the SAIDS virus was detected. Molecular hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis also revealed that the SAIDS and AIDS viruses were genetically unrelated. However, only minor differences, consistent with strain polymorphism, were found between the three AIDS virus isolates. Thus, the retroviruses associated with AIDS in macaques and humans are unique to each species.
 ...
PMID:Molecular comparison of retroviruses associated with human and simian AIDS. 299 24

Simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) in the macaque genus of monkeys at the California Primate Research Center is apparently caused by infection by a type D retrovirus. The complete nucleotide sequence (8173 base pairs) of a molecular clone of the prototype SAIDS virus isolate, SRV-1, reveals a typical retrovirus structure with long terminal repeats (346 base pairs) and open reading frames for the gag (663 codons), pol (867 codons), and env (605 codons) genes. SRV-1 also has a separate open reading frame of 314 codons between the gag and pol genes that defines the viral protease gene (prt) and a short open reading frame of unknown significance downstream from the env gene. The SRV-1 protease region shows a high degree of homology to its counterpart in the hamster intracisternal A-type particle genome; both these protease genes are about twice as long as the analogous region of other retroviruses. SRV-1 has no notable similarity in either genetic organization or sequence to the human AIDS retroviruses.
 ...
PMID:Nucleotide sequence of SRV-1, a type D simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome retrovirus. 300 47

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become a worldwide epidemic, so the development of vaccines and antiviral agents effective against the causative agent, human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), is vital. This work would be greatly simplified if a suitable animal model could be developed. Here we report the isolation of an HTLV-III-related retrovirus, STLV-III/Delta, from rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with transmissible simian AIDS (SAIDS) and from asymptomatic sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys). SAIDS was initially diagnosed in several macaques previously inoculated with tissue homogenates of mangabey origin. Western blot analysis of both the mangabey and macaque sera demonstrated the presence of antibody cross-reactive primarily with the HTLV-III proteins p24 and p61. In a related experiment, analysis of these same sera revealed simian antibody to STLV-III/Delta proteins similar, but not identical, to those of HTLV-III with estimated relative molecular masses (Mrs) of 16,000 (16K), 26K, 35K, 45K, 60K and 110K. Infection of the mangabey, an African primate, with an HTLV-III-related virus may provide a clue to the origin of HTLV-III in humans. The apparent difference in susceptibility to SAIDS-like disease between infected macaques and mangabeys suggests that these species may respond differently to STLV-III infection.
 ...
PMID:Isolation of an HTLV-III-related retrovirus from macaques with simian AIDS and its possible origin in asymptomatic mangabeys. 301 58

The Celebes black macaque (Macaca nigra) colony at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center has a high incidence of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS-RF) that may be caused by type D retrovirus type 2 (SRV-2). During the spring and autumn screening of the colony, seven monkeys previously aviremic were found to be viremic on the basis of the Raji co-culture assay. These monkeys and control groups were selected for further study, which included titration of neutralizing antibody activity and immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) activity before and at the time that the animals became viremic. Results indicated that neutralizing antibody was not present before or at the time that monkeys became viremic and that control monkeys who were IFA+ and did not become viremic had high levels of neutralizing antibody. The IFA titre did not change significantly or predictably at the time the animals became viremic.
 ...
PMID:Neutralizing antibody prevents type D retrovirus viremia in Celebes black macaques. 379 98

A new D-type retrovirus originally designated SAIDS-D/Washington and here referred to as retrovirus-D/Washington (R-D/W) was recently isolated at the University of Washington Primate Center, Seattle, Wash., from a rhesus monkey with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and retroperitoneal fibromatosis. To better establish the relationship of this new D-type virus to the prototype D-type virus, Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV), we have purified and compared six structural proteins from each virus. The proteins purified from each D-type retrovirus include p4, p10, p12, p14, p27, and a phosphoprotein designated pp18 for MPMV and pp20 for R-D/W. Amino acid analysis and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis show that the p4, p12, p14, and p27 proteins of R-D/W are distinct from the homologous proteins of MPMV but that these proteins from the two different viruses share a high degree of amino acid sequence homology. The p10 proteins from the two viruses have similar amino acid compositions, and both are blocked to N-terminal Edman degradation. The phosphoproteins from the two viruses each contain phosphoserine but are different from each other in amino acid composition, molecular weight, and N-terminal amino acid sequence. The data thus show that each of the R-D/W proteins examined is distinguishable from its MPMV homolog and that a major difference between these two D-type retroviruses is found in the viral phosphoproteins. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of D-type retroviral proteins were used to search for sequence homologies between D-type and other retroviral amino acid sequences. An unexpected amino acid sequence homology was found between R-D/W pp20 (a gag protein) and a 28-residue segment of the env precursor polyprotein of Rous sarcoma virus. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the D-type major gag protein (p27) and the nucleic acid-binding protein (p14) show only limited amino acid sequence homology to functionally homologous proteins of C-type retroviruses.
 ...
PMID:Purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence comparisons of structural proteins from retrovirus-D/Washington and Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. 392 12

A spontaneous multifocal subcutaneous fibromatosis is described in 6 pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) with simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (simian AIDS). The lesions consisted of a proliferation of vascular fibrous tissue that was infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. One animal also had retroperitoneal fibromatosis, which has also been found in this colony of pig-tailed macaques. Progressive weight loss, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy, and neutropenia were seen. Peripheral lymph nodes were hyperplastic, and there was splenomegaly. Aggregates of lymphocytes were present in the bone marrow, kidneys, liver, and lungs. Type D retrovirus particles were found in three nodules by electron microscopy; intracytoplasmic type A and budding particles were identified in fibroblasts. In a setting of acquired immunodeficiency, these subcutaneous tumors in pig-tailed macaques present a striking analogy to Kaposi's sarcoma in human AIDS.
 ...
PMID:Subcutaneous fibromatosis associated with an acquired immune deficiency syndrome in pig-tailed macaques. 401 42

This paper reviews the major features of a simian model of acquired immunodeficiency ('SAIDS'), SAIDS occurs endemically in colonies of macaque monkeys in the United States and resembles AIDS in humans in overall clinical manifestations, pathology, and immune deficiency. An infectious type D retrovirus, related to but distinct from the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, has been identified as the primary cause of SAIDS. The relevance of these findings for human AIDS is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Simian AIDS--evidence for a retroviral etiology. 609 Feb 98

All the epidemiological features suggest that the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by a single transmissible agent and surely a virus. First, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and hepatitis B virus have been proposed as possible etiological agents of AIDS. A direct link between ubiquitous viruses and the occurrence of the disease has been discarded. At present time, etiological researches provide evidence that retroviruses are the best candidates for the etiology of AIDS. These agents could be directly responsible of the profound suppression of the cell-mediated immunity observed in patients with AIDS. Two human retroviruses are now proposed: human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) or lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV). Moreover simian AIDS (SAIDS) occurred spontaneously at several primate centers in USA; a retrovirus partially related to Mason Pfizer monkey virus appears to be the etiologic agent of SAIDS.
 ...
PMID:[Viral etiologies of AIDS: facts and hypotheses]. 609 8

Thin section electron microscopy of tissue culture preparations of viruses associated with AIDS and SAIDS have shown that the mature particles have a similar morphology following budding from the cell membrane. The model provided explains the various core morphologies seen in section and provides a basis for identifying these agents in clinical tissues.
 ...
PMID:Morphology of the retroviruses associated with AIDS and SAIDS. 609 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>