Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 72-year-old woman presented with chronic renal failure and diffuse abdominal pain. On ultrasonography the right kidney showed an uncommon site, whereas the left kidney presented a pseudo mass on its lower pole. MRI detected a multiple anatomic anomaly: dislocation of the right kidney, renal fusion, malrotation of the left kidney. This anatomic anomaly is called ''sigmoid kidney'': it can be asymptomatic or result in genitourinary diseases.
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PMID:[A tricky issue for the ultrasound technician]. 1734 96

(1) In dialysis patients with chronic renal failure, hyperphosphataemia can cause osteorenal dystrophy, leading to bone pain, fractures and excess cardiovascular mortality. In addition to a low-phosphorus diet and dialysis, phosphorus chelators are usually needed to control blood phosphorus levels. The first choice is calcium carbonate, and sevelamer is an alternative. (2) Lanthanum carbonate, a phosphorus chelator, is now also licensed for the treatment of hyperphosphataemia in dialysis patients with chronic renal failure. (3) In addition to three dose-finding placebo-controlled studies, clinical evaluation includes 2 comparative randomised unblinded trials: one 6-month trial versus calcium carbonate and a 2-year trial versus other phosphorus chelators. During these trials, lanthanum was no more effective than the comparators in terms of effects on the mortality rate, incidence of fractures, or blood phosphorus level. (4) During these trials, adverse events attributed to treatment were more frequent with lanthanum than with the other phosphorus chelators. The main problems were gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation and abdominal pain), headaches, seizures, and encephalopathy. (5) The accumulation of lanthanum in the bones and brain is troubling. The known long-term adverse effects of aluminium, another trivalent cation with weak gastrointestinal absorption, suggest that caution is also required with lanthanum. (6) In practice, when a phosphorus chelator is needed to treat hyperphosphataemia in dialysis patients with chronic renal failure, calcium carbonate is the first choice and sevelamer remains the best alternative.
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PMID:Lanthanum: new drug. Hyperphosphataemia in dialysis patients: more potential problems than benefits. 1745 39

Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a disease characterized by a genetic cause of chronic renal failure in children and adolescents, complicated with several extra-renal manifestations such as retinal defect and/or liver fibrosis. Although it is difficult to establish the correct diagnosis, mutations in six genes (NPHP 1-6) have recently been identified. Here we report the case of a 25-year-old male with NPHP with congenital hepatic fibrosis. He showed microscopic hematuria and moderate proteinuria at 20 years. Renal biopsy revealed severe interstitial fibrosis, diffuse tubular atrophy and microcysts at this time with chronic kidney disease stage III (Cr 2.43 mg/dl). C3c was positive in glomeruli in direct immunofluorescent study. Although his mother belongs to a family with polycystic kidney disease, he did not have a novel genetic background of Arg585Cys mutation in exon 8 of the PKD1 gene. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed typical portal hypertension with spleno-renal shunt caused by biopsy-proven liver fibrosis. Thus, we diagnosed him as having undetermined renal cystic or tubulo-interstitial disease complicated with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Renal transplantation was performed in January 2005 after 2 years of dialysis therapy. He was transported to our emergency room because of severe abdominal pain in December 2005. A computed tomographic scan showed massive ascites, which were caused by rupture of the splenic artery. Despite full intensive care including intraluminal coiling of the ruptured aneurysm and extensive blood transfusion, we failed to rescue him on the next day. The autopsy findings revealed severe atrophy of the bilateral kidney with multiple cysts along the cortico-medullary border. Obvious portal hypertension, resulting from congenital hepatic fibrosis, could account for the rupture of the splenic artery with aneurysm formation under pressure/volume overload. This is the first report of a NPHP patient with the complication of hepatic fibrosis emerging from an ADPKD family. As it remains elusive on the phenotype-genotype of the Japanese NPHP population, a registration system of cystic disease of the kidney is required.
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PMID:Nephronophthisis complicated with hepatic fibrosis: an autopsy case with rupture of the splenic artery after renal transplantation. 1817 55

We report non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) in a patient with hemodialysis-dependent chronic renal failure who presented with acute onset of abdominal pain. On abdominal computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography, pneumatosis intestinalis of the small intestine and mesenteric venous gas were found with patent superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. CT also showed bowel wall thickening with fat stranding at terminal ileum. In emergency laparotomy, necrosis of the terminal ileum over a 4 cm area was identified and the ischemic segment was resected. Histopathological exam was consistent with gangrenous enteritis. Herein, we present exquisite imaging findings of a NOMI case with an overview of related literature.
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PMID:[Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia in a chronic dialysis patient: a case report]. 1878 26

Bordetella (B) bronchiseptica is a common veterinary pathogen, but has rarely been implicated in human infections. Most patients with B. bronchiseptica infections are compromised clinically such as in patients with a malignancy, AIDS, malnutrition, or chronic renal failure. We experienced a case of relapsing peritonitis caused by B. bronchiseptica associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). A 56-yr-old male, treated with CAPD due to end stage renal disease (ESRD), was admitted with complaints of abdominal pain and a turbid peritoneal dialysate. The culture of peritoneal dialysate identified B. bronchiseptica. The patient was treated with a combination of intraperitoneal antibiotics. There were two further episodes of relapsing peritonitis, although the organism was sensitive to the used antibiotics. Finally, the indwelling CAPD catheter was removed and the patient was started on hemodialysis. This is the first report of a B. bronchiseptica human infection in the Korean literature.
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PMID:Relapsing peritonitis caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report. 1919 56

Micrococcus strains which are the normal flora members of skin, mucosa and oropharynx, may lead to infections associated with intravenous catheter, chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, venticular shunt and prosthetic valve. In this paper, a case of peritonitis due to Kocuria rosea of Micrococcea family, in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), was presented. Fiftysix years old female patient was admitted to the hospital by complaints of abdominal pain, nausea and fever. The patient was undergoing CAPD due to chronic renal failure for one and a half year and turbidity was detected in the peritoneal fluid during dialysis. Examination of the peritoneal fluid revealed 1800 cells/mm3, with no evidence of bacteria in Gram and Ziehl-Neelsen stained smears. No bacterial growth was detected in conventional culture media, however, bacteria was isolated from the peritoneal fluid culture on second day by Bactec (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated blood culture system. By means of API identification system (bioMerieux, USA), the causative agent was identified as Kocuria rosea. The patient was successfully treated with intraperitoneal teicoplanin (4 x 40 mg) for 14 days. In conclusion, in patients undergoing CAPD, rare pathogens should be considered in case of peritonitis and peritoneal fluid samples should be inoculated into automated culture systems.
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PMID:[Peritonitis due to Kocuria rosea in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis case]. 1962 23

The most devastating complication of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is amyloidosis which is capable of resulting in chronic renal failure. Although amyloid deposits are frequent in adrenal glands based on the autopsies of FMF patients however; to our knowledge, symptomatic adrenal insufficiency has not been reported yet. We describe a 21-year-old-FMF amyloidosis case with a well-functioning allograft who presented to the emergency clinic with the complaints of abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea mimicking FMF attack. adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test was performed due to resistant hyponatremia and disclosed Addison disease. In countries with a high prevalence of FMF, adrenal crisis should be borne in mind in long standing FMF patients.
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PMID:Acute adrenal crisis mimicking familial Mediterranean fever attack in a renal transplant FMF patient with amyloid goiter. 1971 Oct 78

A 80-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of coughing, hemosputum and dyspnea. As a chest X-ray showed infiltrates of the right lung, he was diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia and treated with antibiotics. However, after a few days, he exhibited hemoptysis and developed severe dyspnea, while laboratory findings showed rapid elevation of the serum creatinine level (5.55 mg dL). Computed tomography (CT) revealed large areas of ground glass opacity in the right lung, hence the hemoptysis was considered to be due to alveolar hemorrhage. As he had been diagnosed as chronic renal failure a few years before this admission and we also noticed that interstitial pneumonia with a slightly elevated level of C-reactive protein had existed from that time, ANCA-associated vasculitis was suspected to be the underlying pathogenesis. Accordingly, he was started on methylprednisolone pulse therapy and temporary hemodialysis resulted in improvement of dyspnea and renal function. PR3-ANCA was 12.4 EU, so he was diagnosed as PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis. After a few days, he suddenly complained of abdominal pain, developing hypotension and anemia. Abdominal CT showed an irregular low-density mass in the right muscle, so he was diagnosed as rectus muscle hematoma. Surgery was performed and a massive hematoma was found in the rectus muscle without any ruptures of macroscopic vessels in the abdomen. Bleeding could not be stopped followed by multiple organ failure and the patient died four days postoperatively. Rectus muscle hematoma is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen, and has been reported in about 100 cases in Japan. It occurs because of a tear in epigastric vessels and is usually managed conservatively with a good prognosis, although hemodynamically unstable cases require surgery. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of rectus muscle hematoma complicated with ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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PMID:[Autopsy case of PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis complicated with rectus muscle hematoma]. 1971 63

Psoas abscess was first described by Mynter in 1881. Though rare, its prevalence is increasing with advances in radiology and an increasing ability to accurately diagnose the condition. The symptoms of a psoas abscess can be insidious and nonspecific, and patients often present with a limp, fever, weight loss, and flank or abdominal pain.A psoas abscess can be classified as either primary or secondary depending on the presence or absence of an underlying disease. Primary psoas abscess has become more prevalent in the developed world, especially in immuno-compromised patients.We present the case of a 48 year old man who presented with fever, left hip pain and difficulty weight-bearing. He had a past medical history of chronic renal failure secondary to hypertension. Following laboratory, radiological and microbiological analyses the patient was diagnosed as having a Staphylococcus Aureus hip sepsis secondary to a psoas abscess.Psoas abscess should be included as a differential diagnosis in all patients presenting with hip pain and constitutional symptoms. The case is discussed with reference to the literature.
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PMID:A case report of a septic hip secondary to a psoas abscess. 2084 79

Cystic kidney disease is an important cause of chronic renal failure. Since the utilization of imaging techniques in the diagnosis of diseases has become widespread, cystic kidney disease is now being increasingly diagnosed. This study is designed to determine the prevalence and pattern of cystic kidney disease at the Nephrology Unit of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin. All consecutive adult patients seen in the Nephrology Unit of UITH during a ten-year period (January 1999-December 2008) were studied for the presence of cystic kidney disease. The results were analyzed with specific reference to age, gender, annual incidence, type of cystic disease, location of cyst, mode of presentation, complications and prognosis. A total of 67 out of 436 renal patients (15.4%) studied had cystic kidney disease. A progressive annual increase in the number of cases was noticed. The age-range was 20-83 years with a mean of 47.4 +/- 16.2 years and the peak incidence was in the third and sixth decades with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The types of cystic kidney disease identified in the study were: 26 simple cysts (38.8%), 35 polycystic kidney disease (53.3%) and six multicystic kidney disease (8.9%). The most common mode of presentation was abdominal pain followed by hypertension, urinary tract infection, chronic renal failure and palpable abdominal mass, in decreasing order. Our study indicates that cystic kidney disease is not an uncommon problem among our renal patients and the incidence is on the increase. Although, routine screening of family members with cystic kidney disease still remains a contentious issue because the knowledge may evoke anxiety in terms of employment and insurance, screening of symptomatic cases or those that develop hypertension, hematuria and proteinuria is strongly recommended.
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PMID:Prevalence and pattern of cystic kidney diseases in Ilorin, Nigeria. 2106 Feb 2


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