Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using microPET and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) as a tracer, we investigated regional brain activation in a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). TNBS injection into the proximal colon through laparotomy resulted in a significant, sustained decrease in the pain threshold to mechanical distention of the distal colon, indicating a phenomenon referred to as visceral hypersensitivity. When TNBS-induced colonic hypersensitivity was fully developed, all the TNBS-treated rats presented characteristic pain behaviors in response to colonic distention at previously innocuous pressure (0-35 mmHg) that produced no abdominal pain in sham-operated control animals. In microPET study, colonic distention at the normally non-painful pressure produced significant increases in (18)F-FDG uptake in the thalamus and sensory cortex I of TNBS-treated rats. Since the increases in (18)F-FDG uptake in the brain regions were completely abolished by an analgesic dose of morphine (375 microg/kg, s.c.), it is most likely that the regional brain activation detected by microPET is a pain-related central event. The pharmacological and microPET data indicate that colonic distention at the normally non-painful pressure activates specific brain regions in rats with TNBS-induced visceral hypersensitivity, and the microPET protocol described here could provide an objective measure to test visceral analgesic compounds.
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PMID:MicroPET detection of regional brain activation induced by colonic distention in a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity. 1825 May 71

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), rare mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, are gaining the interest of researchers because of the impressive metabolic response to the targeted molecular therapeutic drug imatinib mesylate. FDG PET is now routinely used to assess treatment response in cases of GIST because this has proven to give metabolic information, which demonstrates response earlier than anatomic imaging modalities. A 50-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and the CT scan showed a large lobulated heterogeneously enhancing mass in the abdomen. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) confirmed GIST with strong immunoreactivity to C-Kit protein. A baseline FDG PET done before initiation of therapy showed intense nonhomogenous FDG uptake in the mass (standard uptake value maximum, SUVmax of 13.45). A whole body FDG PET, repeated 24 hours after a single dose of imatinib mesylate 400 mg, showed a significant reduction in FDG uptake with a SUVmax of 4.26.
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PMID:Early response assessment in gastrointestinal stromal tumors with FDG PET scan 24 hours after a single dose of imatinib. 1858 Feb 37

A 40's-year-old woman who had abdominal pain with fever was referred to our hospital for further examinations. Abdominal computed tomography showed no focal lesion, and no causative lesion was found after a gynecological examination, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy. Tuberculin test and QuantiFERON-TB were positive, and thus tuberculous peritonitis was suspected. The level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in ascites was high, and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed that FDG accumulated diffusely along the peritoneum. These findings supported the findings of tuberculous peritonitis. Final diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis was done from laparoscopic biopsy. Combination of QuantiFERON-TB, ADA and FDG-PET was useful in diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis.
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PMID:[18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) was useful tool for detecting tuberculous peritonitis: report of a case]. 1884 Sep 91

We report the case of a 74-year-old man with metastatic melanoma of the small bowel. Melanoma metastasizing to the small bowel is a rare but well described presentation of the disease, detected clinically in only 2% to 5% of these patients. Its presentation is similar to other gastrointestinal tract tumors, with symptoms of abdominal pain or anemia prevailing. Recent studies have implicated the chemokine receptor CCR9 and its ligand CCL25 as signals that allow malignant melanoma cells to preferentially metastasize to the small bowel. Common imaging modalities used to detect these small bowel lesions include contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans and upper gastrointestinal series with small bowel follow-through. Given the low sensitivity of these modalities, newer helical CT scanners, 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET)/CT, and capsule endoscopy are now being recommended to replace the older imaging techniques. Current treatment modalities include surgical resection, which has been shown to increase overall survival, and adjuvant immunotherapy, whose efficacy is currently being questioned. A review of the current literature describing this rare occurrence is included to compare with our patient's presentation, diagnosis, and management.
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PMID:A patient with metastatic melanoma of the small bowel. 1928 29

We report a case of a false positive fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan in a patient who presented with abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding accompanied by elevation of inflammatory markers, seven weeks after a proximal type I endoleak repair with a cuff extension. Aortoenteric fistula and endograft infection was ruled out by laparotomy. FDG-PET image may have a role in diagnosis of infection, but false positive results are possible and caution is necessary if other data are non-confirmatory.
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PMID:Is F 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography too sensitive for the diagnosis of vascular endograft infection? 1934 93

Abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis is very rare. We report a case of pulmonary tuberculosis showing marked abdominal lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. A 95-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal chest X-ray and body weight loss in last 6 months. He had low grade fever with no abdominal pain. He did not have past history of tuberculosis. Laboratory examination showed mild renal dysfunction and mild glucose intolerance. Soluble interleukin 2 recepter was highly elevated (3800 U/ml). Tumor markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA), and progastrin-releasing peptide (Pro GRP) were all within normal limit. Chest X-ray showed multiple nodules in bilateral lung fields. Chest computed tomography showed multiple nodules in bilateral lungs, especially in upper part of lungs, right hilar lymphadenopathy and upper mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Abdominal and pelvic enhanced computed tomography showed marked abdominal lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly (67 x 49 mm). Abdominal lymph nodes were hepatoduodenal (50 x 50 mm), splenic hilar (40 x 25 mm), upper paraaortic (30 x 60 mm), and small superior mesenteric (10 x 10 mm) lymph nodes. FDG-PET showed accumulation in the nodules of right lung field, right hilar lymph nodes, upper mediastinal lymph nodes, and abdominal lymph nodes. Bronchial lavage fluid (BAL) smear for acid-fast bacilli was positive, polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive and acid-fast bacilli was cultured. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimen demonstrated non-specific intraalveolar organization and alveolitis. The patient was diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis, but about abdominal lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly we had to differentiate malignant lymphoma, and for definite diagnosis, laparotomy was necessary. But considering his age and general condition, we followed up carefully with anti-tuberculosis therapy. Pulmonary tuberculosis, abdominal lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly all showed marked improvement 4 months after starting anti-tuberculosis therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol, so we clinically diagnosed abdominal tuberculous lymphadenitis and splenic tuberculosis.
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PMID:[A case of tuberculosis with multiple lung nodules, abdominal lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly]. 1992 50

We report the case of a 17-year-old girl who presented with a several month history of fevers and abdominal pain. After cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) titers returned normal, FDG-PET/CT was obtained due to concern for lymphoma. FDG-PET/CT revealed a pattern of hypermetabolic activity in the adenoids, bilateral cervical lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes, and spleen, highly concerning for lymphoma. However, subsequent biopsy of a cervical lymph node revealed lymphadenitis consistent with EBV. This case highlights infection as the most well-known false-positive cause on FDG-PET, and how biopsy is essential to definitively distinguish malignancy from infection.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus mimicking lymphoma on FDG-PET/CT. 2013 24

We report a resected case of ascending colon cancer with left supraclavicular and paraaortic lymph nodes and liver metastases which completely responded in terms of metastases but not the primary tumor to FOLFOX4 therapy. A 62-year-old woman with epigastric discomfort was initially diagnosed as malignant lymphoma by FDG-PET with abnormal accumulation at left supraclavicular and paraaortic lesions. Pathological examination of the supraclavicular lymph nodes showed undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, and ascending colon cancer was detected by colonoscopy which was a mixture of various types of differentiation. FOLFOX4 therapy was effective for metastatic lesions but colon tumor did not regress and was accompanied by abdominal pain. Macroscopically, a curative right hemicolectomy was performed, and microscopic examination revealed that the tumor had become a mass of undifferentiated cancer cells. Thus, the present case demonstrates the dedifferentiation of colon cancer during chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A case of advanced ascending colon cancer, curatively resected after complete response in left supraclavicular and paraaortic lymph nodes and liver metastases to FOLFOX4 therapy]. 2015 95

An 8-year-old Shih Tzu developed abdominal pain and hyperglobulinemia. A round splenic mass was noted radiographically and sonographically. The patient was evaluated by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT). There was no evidence of metastasis or bone marrow involvement on PET/CT images. The standardized uptake value (SUV) of the splenic mass was increased over the reference range (SUV = 4.83). The patient was diagnosed as splenic extramedullary plasmacytoma through immunohistopathologic study. After the splenectomy, the globulin level normalized and the patient is alive without complications.
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PMID:Imaging diagnosis--FDG-PET/CT of a canine splenic plasma cell tumor. 2040 98

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix is a rare malignancy. This is a report of a 74-year-old man who presented with recurrent pneumonia which turned out to be a postobstructive pneumonia complicating a large mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix with massive retroperitoneal and intrathoracic extension. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix is a low-grade malignancy characterized by expansive growth due to progressive accumulation of mucinous fluid produced by the cancer cells. The tendency of this tumor to expand massively is well demonstrated by this case. The unusual retroperitoneal location of appendix in this patient probably allowed the tumor to expand massively in the retroperitoneal space and the thoracic cavity. In addition to computed tomography, [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG PET) was used as an ancillary method for staging in this patient. The value of (18)F-FDG PET in the diagnosis of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix has not been determined yet, but it might be promising. The most common presentation of this tumor is abdominal pain or a palpable ileocoecal mass. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first report of an appendiceal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with expansion into the thoracic cavity presenting with recurrent pneumonia.
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PMID:Recurrent pneumonia due to an appendiceal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma: a rare presentation of a rare malignancy. 2068 4


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