Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ropinirole is a novel, nonergoline, selective D2-type dopamine agonist developed to treat Parkinson's disease. Safety data from therapeutic studies involving 1364 patients receiving ropinirole are reported (mean daily dose 8.7 mg, early therapy; 8.2 mg adjunct therapy). In early therapy, the emergent adverse experiences more common with the ropinirole group compared with placebo were nausea, somnolence, leg edema, abdominal pain, vomiting, dyspepsia, and hallucinations. In adjunct therapy, they were dyskinesia, nausea, hallucinations, and confusion. Most adverse experiences were mild and associated with a similar withdrawal rate compared with the placebo group. Except for hallucinations, the incidence of emergent adverse experiences decreased with time, despite increasing doses. Long-term adverse experiences particularly associated with ergoline-type dopamine agonists have so far not been observed with ropinirole. Only 1.2% of patients receiving ropinirole developed dyskinesia compared with 11.2% receiving L-dopa in early therapy over a mean period of 17 months. There were no clinically significant changes in cardiovascular parameters or laboratory data. The incidence of adverse experiences in the bromocriptine group was low, possibly because of a slow titration scheme and low average dose. Overall, the safety profile of ropinirole appears similar to that of other dopamine agonists. Clinical studies are continuing to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of ropinirole.
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PMID:The safety of ropinirole, a selective nonergoline dopamine agonist, in patients with Parkinson's disease. 961 8

Ropinirole prolonged release is a once-daily, 24-hour formulation of ropinirole, a non-ergot dopamine agonist. It is approved as monotherapy and as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Several potential advantages of ropinirole prolonged release compared to the immediate release formulation include maintaining more consistent dopaminergic activity with steadier plasma levels, increased tolerability, greater compliance from a simpler once-daily dosing regimen and ease in dose titration. In a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority, crossover study, ropinirole prolonged release was shown to have comparable efficacy and tolerability to immediate release ropinirole in early PD patients, with significantly greater compliance. Subjects were converted overnight between ropinirole formulations without loss of efficacy and with good tolerability. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in advanced PD, daily "off" time was reduced by an average of 2.1 hours with ropinirole prolonged release compared to 0.4 hours with placebo. Patients on ropinirole prolonged release were also more likely to require less daily levodopa. Ropinirole prolonged release is well tolerated with a similar adverse effect profile to other non-ergot dopamine agonists. The most common adverse effects include dyskinesia, nausea, dizziness, hallucinations, somnolence, abdominal pain or discomfort and orthostatic hypotension. Ropinirole prolonged release is a safe and effective treatment option for both early and advanced PD. This manuscript briefly reviews the current pharmacological treatment options for PD and provides a more detailed review of the currently available data regarding ropinirole prolonged release as a treatment option for PD.
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PMID:A review of ropinirole prolonged release in Parkinson's disease. 1950 79