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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

12 cases of toxic dilatation of the colon in Crohn's disease were reviewed. In 11 this complication seemed to be the first manifestation of the disease and a considerable diagnostic delay may partly account for the strikingly high mortality (50%). On admission 83% had clinical features suggestive of Crohn's disease and 58% had experienced symptoms suggestive of preceding gastrointestinal disease. An iatrogenic precipitating factor was identifiable in all but the 1 patient with established disease and in 83% of cases antidiarrhoeals had been prescribed. Preoperative perforation occurred in 4 patients, 3 of whom had had a barium-enema examination, and thromboembolism was a common postoperative complication (50%). Fever, tachycardia, low serum calcium, and low serum albumin in a patient with diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and distension should alert the physician to the possibility of Crohn's disease even in the absence of preexisting symptoms. Sigmoidoscopy should be an early investigation with particular attention being paid to perianal disease.
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PMID:Toxic dilatation of colon in Crohn's disease. 611 26

A calcium absorption investigation was carried out with the purpose of determining whether lactose-hydrolyzed milk facilitates calcium absorption in subjects with lactose malabsorption. Nine children participated in the study, which was divided into two investigation periods separated by at least 1 week. During the first period the children were given a lactose-free diet, whereas during the second period their diet contained lactose-hydrolyzed milk. The amount of calcium, number of calories, and rotation of specifically defined meals in the diet during the two periods were identical, and the children functioned as their own controls. We found calcium absorption to be significantly higher with the diet containing hydrolyzed milk than with the lactose-free diet supplemented with extra calcium (p less than 0.05). During the study a double-blind lactose intolerance test was performed. The children had significantly fewer clinical symptoms and signs, such as abdominal pain, borborygmus, meteorism, and defecations, within 24 h after drinking 0.5 L of lactose-hydrolyzed milk as compared with drinking ordinary milk (25 g of lactose). None of the children experienced any unpleasant side effects when consuming the lactose-hydrolyzed milk (approximately 94% degree of hydrolysis) during the study period. All the children liked the hydrolyzed milk because it had a pleasant, sweet flavor as a result of the increased content of glucose.
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PMID:Calcium absorption and acceptance of low-lactose milk among children with primary lactase deficiency. 636 90

Dysmenorrhea means not only uterine pain in the lower abdomen and back, but in many cases headaches, depression, perspiration, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, mostly during the first 12-48 hours of menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea begins at a young age, and some investigators have stated that 50% all of women suffer from dysmenorrhea. No gynecological cure has been found. The socioeconomic consequences are substantial due to absences from school and work. It was previously believed that dysmenorrhea was caused by hormonal imbalance, but there is now evidence that it could be caused by prostaglandins in the menstrual blood. When prostaglandins are administered, the aforementioned side effects of dysmenorrhea are experienced. Since the 1960s, oral contraceptives (OCs) have been administered with success. If for some reason OCs are not advisable, there are very few effective alternatives. Dydrogesterone, a retroprogesterone derivative, does not slow down ovulation, but has to be taken for several weeks of the month just like the pill. Several inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis are available, but naproxene is the best. It is the longest acting, requiring administration only 2 times/day. It works immediately and can be taken when needed. Because it is used only when needed, there is a minimm of side effects from long-term use. It should not be used by women under 16 years of age. Side effects of all prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The use of calcium is also advised and warrants further study.
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PMID:[Primary dysmenorrhea: current insights in etiology and treatment]. 642 13

Milk of calcium cholecystitis is a rare entity in children. Two cases are reported here, each in a boy aged respectively 4 and 13. The symptoms were limited to abdominal pain with or without vomiting. Plain X-ray of the abdomen showed the usual milk of calcium picture, with calcified deposits within the gallbladder and an obstructing stone at the site of the gallbladder neck or the cystic duct. Surgery consisted simply of cholecystectomy with preoperative cholangiogram. Neither biochemical analysis of the gallbladder contents, nor the pathological examination of the gallbladder wall helped in determining the pathogenesis of the disease. Only four other cases of milk of calcium cholecystitis in children have been found by the authors in the literature, where a number of adult cases have been described.
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PMID:[Milk of calcium bile syndrome in children. 2 cases]. 673 24

A 47-year-old Scottish woman vacationing in the United States presented with a serum calcium level greater than 20 mg/dl and a parathyroid hormone level 16 times greater than normal after a one-week history of severe vomiting and unrelenting abdominal pain. Surgical exploration of the thymus revealed the very rare association of a large (7 by 4 by 0.8 cm) parathyroid carcinoma adjacent to apparently normal parathyroid tissue, separated by a thin fibrous band. Two other hyperplastic and one normal parathyroid glands were also identified. Postoperatively, the patient became hypocalcemic and, for the past nine months, has received maintenance 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol therapy (1 microgram per day) with normal calcium and barely detectable parathyroid hormone levels.
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PMID:Parathyroid hyperplasia and carcinoma within one gland. 674 74

Ten clinically normal male beagle dogs were used in the study. Two dogs served as control, 4 received 2 mg lead/kg daily and 4 received 5 mg lead/kg/daily. Lead was administered for 13 weeks, after which one-half of each experimental group was treated with calcium ethylene diaminetetraacetate (CaEDTA) for 5 days. All animals were then monitored for another 4 weeks. Blood lead levels, haematology, blood glutathione concentration, and the number of bone marrow cells with stainable iron granules were measured weekly during the 18-week experimental period. Clinical signs of poisoning were observed only in one dog in the high dose group after 6 weeks. The signed included emaciation, anorexia, muscular weakness, evidence of abdominal pain and depression. These signs were reversed with cessation of lead dosing and CaEDTA treatment. Blood lead levels and the number of marrow cells with non-haeme iron increased in both lead-dosed groups; nucleated red blood cells increased only in high lead dosed group. There was a trend for an increased packed cell volume in all groups; however, the high lead dosed group did not increase as fast. No significant changes were observed in blood glutathione concentration and in other haematologic parameters. There were no differences in the parameters studied between the dogs treated with CaEDTA and those not so treated. Blood lead levels and the number of nucleated red blood cells decreased after cessation of lead administration and the number of marrow cells with iron also tended to decrease after lead removal.
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PMID:Effect of chronic lead on the haematology, blood glutathione and bone marrow non-haeme iron of dogs. 676 21

Four families with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia were studied. The probands presented with abdominal pain, which in three was due to acute pancreatitis; in two the condition was life threatening. Serum concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and immunoassayable parathyroid hormone, urinary calcium excretion, and the rate of renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate were measured; the findings were compared with results in 10 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism matched for serum calcium concentration to establish differences between the diseases. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia should be suspected in patients with hypercalcaemia in whom daily urinary calcium excretion is below 5 mmol (200 mg) provided renal insufficiency, vitamin D deficiency, and ingestion of drugs that reduce calcium excretion have been excluded. Most cases appear to run a benign course, but some may suffer considerable morbidity. Surgical treatment should be reserved for patients with severe complications, when all parathyroid tissue should be removed.
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PMID:Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia and acute pancreatitis. 678 29

The high incidence of peptic ulcers and abdominal pain from other causes in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism has been recognized for many years. This paper reports 20 patients with hyperparathyroidism: 12 with peptic ulcers and 8 with abdominal pain from other causes. Only in a minority of these was the diagnosis of hypercalcaemia made as a result of a deliberately sought assay; in most the plasma calcium had been measured as part of a 'screening' procedure with a multichannel analyser. In almost all of the patients who had parathyroid surgery the abdominal symptoms were completely relieved. We urge that plasma calcium assays should be made in all patients with dyspepsia particularly those with recurrent symptoms.
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PMID:Hyperparathyroidism in peptic ulcer patients. 724 15

Hyperparathyroid crisis is a rare disease but should be suspected in acutely ill patients complaining of weakness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, confusion and abdominal pain. Despite the variety of clinical manifestations, the syndrome forms a distinctive pattern which, in the presence of a serum calcium level greater than 16 mg/100 ml, should be recognized. The most difficult problem in diagnosis is the differentiation of hyperparathyroid crisis from ectopic parathyroid hormone-producing tumors. The disease is an endocrine emergency which requires prompt surgery after rapid correction of dehydration and hypercalcemia. The best results are achieved by removing offending parathyroid tissue within 72 hours after the onset of symptoms.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism: hyperparathyroid crisis. 730 6

During an outbreak of measles in the period from May 1993 through February 1994, a 23-year-old woman with measles was admitted because of abdominal pain and vomiting. Moderately elevated levels of serum and urinary amylase were found. We investigated prospectively the next nine consecutive young adults hospitalized with severe measles. Pancreatic and other organ involvement was determined by serum and urinary amylase, serum lipase, and additional appropriate biochemical and hematological data. Four patients had elevated amylase levels in both serum and urine, whereas in one, serum amylase alone was increased. Serum lipase determined in eight patients was elevated in seven. In all patients elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase or lactate dehydrogenase were found. In seven patients serum calcium concentrations were below the lower limit of normal. Four patients had mild to moderate thrombocytopenia. This is the first detailed report of pancreatic involvement in young adults with measles. This abnormal finding, its possible underlying mechanisms, and the clinical significance are discussed.
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PMID:Pancreatic enzyme elevation in measles. 753 76


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