Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a frequently encountered metabolic disturbance that follows a prolonged intake of ethanol. Following a brief duration of abstinence, patients typically present with vomiting, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath. Examination reveals Kussmaul breathing, variable volume loss, and coincident manifestations of chronic alcohol usage. Characteristic laboratory findings include anion-gap metabolic ketoacidosis, normal serum glucose, and zero ethanol levels. Phosphate measurements may be depressed, particularly after institution of therapy. Intravascular volume restitution, delivery of dextrose, attention to electrolytes, and discovery of alcohol-related illnesses are the mainstays of therapy.
 ...
PMID:Alcoholic ketoacidosis--a review. 331 91

Neurolytic celiac plexus block is the therapy of choice for visceral upper abdominal pain that is resistant to therapy. In order to ensure that the treatment is indicated a temporary block for diagnostic purposes (application of a local anesthetic) has to be carried out. A diagnostic block can be performed as a blind puncture according to anatomic criteria if new computed tomograms are available providing the necessary information on the patient's anatomy. In 18 patients who underwent a diagnostic block by this procedure no side effects could be observed. If neurolytic substances (e.g. ethanol 96%) are used, a contrast medium should be added to make roentgen control and documentation possible. Computed tomography is a very suitable procedure for these purposes. The location, angle and depth of the puncture can be calculated by the computer tomograph. Of 14 patients in whom we performed a CT-guided block of the celiac ganglion, 10 were free from pain afterwards or showed considerably reduced pain symptoms. The side effects that could be observed were but slight and passed after a few days.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic and therapeutic blockade of the celiac ganglia]. 360 51

The aim of this study was to evaluate the endoscopic retrograde pancreatographic (ERP) findings in respect of alcohol intake. Two hundred eleven patients consecutively submitted to ERP for upper abdominal symptomatology, with suspected pancreatic disease (SPD; 79 patients) or without (NSPD; 132 subjects), were classified in 3 groups of different ethanol intake: 1 (0-40 g/day), 2 (41-80 g/day), 3 (more than 80 g/day). The following conclusions could be drawn: (1) the frequency of ERP changes increases with the increase of alcohol intake both in SPD (34.6-63.8%) and NSPD (8.2-29.8%); (2) the frequency of pancreatic cancer was not related to alcohol intake, but in NSPD it was about 2-fold that in SPD: 12/132 (9.1%) vs 4/79 (5.06%); (3) a pancreatic morphological assessment, by means of ERP or other imaging techniques, should be performed in every subject with upper abdominal pain of unknown origin both in alcoholics (for the high incidence of chronic pancreatitis) and in non-alcoholics (for the risk of pancreatic cancer, which approximates 10%).
 ...
PMID:Frequency of pancreatographic changes in subjects with upper abdominal symptoms and its relationship with alcohol intake. 369 81

Scattered case reports of accidental exposure and a few epidemiological studies have indicated that the liver is the main target organ following acute and chronic exposure to dimethylformamide (DMF). This has been confirmed in several animal species. In humans, ethanol intolerance is one of the earliest manifestations of (excessive) exposure to DMF, followed at higher exposure levels by various complaints (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) and the release of liver cytolytic enzymes in the plasma. The metabolic pathway of DMF has been recently clarified, but the primary cellular lesion responsible for its hepatotoxicity is still unknown.
 ...
PMID:Dimethylformamide (DMF) hepatotoxicity. 382 92

To evaluate the utility of serum formate concentrations, four patients were studied after ingestion of a methanolic copying fluid. All patients were initially intoxicated. Twelve to twenty-four hours later, signs and symptoms included nausea, abdominal pain, hypokalemia, acidosis (three patients), and pathologic ocular findings (two patients). All patients were treated with ethanol and folate. The two patients with ocular signs and acidosis had high serum formate concentrations (75 and 55 mg/dL, respectively). One of the two patients had a high methanol concentration (222 mg/dL) and required hemodialysis; the other patient did not (methanol concentration, 24 mg/dL). In the other two patients without ocular signs, initial formate concentrations were undetectable (limit of detection, 0.5 mg/dL); however, one patient required hemodialysis because the methanol concentration was 72 mg/dL. Formate is the mediator of ocular injury and acidosis. In these patients formate concentrations correlated with the clinical condition but methanol concentrations did not.
 ...
PMID:Serum formate concentrations in methanol intoxication as a criterion for hemodialysis. 394 45

Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a common condition which occurs predominantly in chronic alcoholics. The usual picture is an interval of increased ethanol intake followed by one or more days of abdominal pain, vomiting, dehydration and a marked decrease in caloric intake. Acidosis is frequently as severe as in diabetic ketoacidosis, but the serum Acetest measurement of ketones may be negative or only slightly positive because of the predominance of beta-hydroxybutyrate compared with acetoacetate. Treatment with intravenous glucose and saline are the essentials of management. Insulin, bicarbonate and phosphate are usually not needed. The major cause of morbidity and mortality is not the acidosis but rather failure to adequately treat concurrent medical or surgical conditions.
 ...
PMID:Alcoholic ketoacidosis: clinical and laboratory presentation, pathophysiology and treatment. 634 51

Celiac plexus blockade with ethanol is a widely accepted modality of pain control for adults with cancer pain. The role of interventional strategies in children is less well established. A 7-year-old child with abdominal pain secondary to a Wilms tumor was treated with neurolytic celiac plexus blockade. This resulted in control of abdominal pain for close to three months. This modality is underutilized and should be considered for children with pain due to upper abdominal malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Celiac plexus blockade in a 7-year-old child with neuroblastoma. 754 40

We performed this study to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided drainage and ethanol instillation for the treatment of pelvic peritoneal cysts. Six women had pelvic peritoneal cysts after previous pelvic surgery; when the cysts recurred after simple drainage, the patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage and instillation of 20-30 mL of ethanol into the cyst cavity. All patients except one presented with abdominal pain. All cysts had clinical and ultrasonic benign characteristics. Drainage and ethanol instillation were performed successfully in all patients without severe side effects or complications. After a mean follow-up time of 13.6 months, a recurrence was found in only one patient, who was successfully retreated. These preliminary results indicate that transvaginal ultrasound-guided fluid drainage and ethanol instillation is an effective treatment for pelvic peritoneal cysts.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of pelvic peritoneal cysts by drainage and ethanol instillation. 761 66

We investigated the possible involvement of 5-HT3 receptors in the colonic motor alterations and abdominal pain evoked by rectal distension (RD) in rats, under normal and inflammatory conditions. Responses to RD were evaluated by electromyography in rats treated with 5-HT3 antagonists (ondansetron and cilansetron, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), before and 3 days after intrarectal administration of TNB/ethanol. RD evoked a significant (P < 0.05) and gradual inhibition of the occurrence of colonic spike bursts (SB) and a gradual increase in abdominal SB from 11 mm in diameter on wards. Ondansetron and cilansetron (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced both the colonic (62 and 66%, respectively) and the abdominal response (28 and 61%, respectively) for an 11 mm diameter of RD. After TNB/ethanol, both colonic and abdominal responses to RD were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced and appeared for a lower diameter (9 mm) (colon: 4.8 +/- 0.9 vs 8.4 +/- 1.1, abdomen: 7.7 +/- 1.5 vs 0.5 +/- 0.4). Cilansetron (0.1, 1 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the TNB-induced colonic motor inhibition, while ondansetron and cilansetron (0.1, 1 mg/kg) reduced the TNB-induced increase in abdominal response. We conclude that 5-HT and 5-HT3 receptors mediate RD-induced viscerosensitive alterations in rats, both in normal conditions and during TNB-induced rectocolitis. However, the relative efficacy of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists depends on the experimental conditions (intact or inflamed bowel) and does not appear to increase with the dose.
 ...
PMID:Influence of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in visceromotor and nociceptive responses to rectal distension before and during experimental colitis in rats. 772 Dec 33

The role of alcohol in causing chronic pancreatitis is well-known, but the role of abstinence remains controversial and not well-understood. In this article, I examine the literature dealing with the effect of abstinence on chronic pain and the long-term outcome of chronic pancreatitis. A series of 50 patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis from my practice supplements the data. Alcohol consumption > 70 g/day for 7 or more years is characteristic. Moderate to severe abdominal pain is the dominant symptom. When patients stop drinking, abdominal pain disappears in the majority, pancreatic function deteriorates more slowly, the death rate diminishes, and a normal life is often possible. If abdominal pain continues after abstinence and the pancreatic duct remains dilated, a lateral pancreatojejunostomy helps most patients. In many patients not suitable for surgery, pain resolves with time.
 ...
PMID:Abstinence in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Effect on pain and outcome. 788 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>