Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty postmenopausal women with tuboovarian abscess were surgically managed at CGMH during 1981 to 1991. Fever with lower abdominal pain were the most common symptoms and signs. Laboratory, sonographic & roentgenologic studies helped in detecting and in making a correct preoperative diagnosis of the origin of the inflammatory complex. Half of the patients had postmenopausal bleeding or discharge. Six tuboovarian abscesses were ruptured at the time of surgery and of these had prolonged hospitalization due to complications. Among the six complications, 2 suffered from intraoperative bowel injury, 2 had postoperative wound infection, 1 colonocutaneous fistula and 1 sigmoid stricture. Abdominal total hysterectomy was tried in all the cases but the surgical procedure was changed to subtotal hysterectomy in two and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in one. Septic condition and suspicion of ruptured abscess are indications for immediate operation. No major medical complication developed in the post-operative period. However, the early detection and treatment of unruptured tuboovarian abscess had less surgery related complications and had a shorter mean length of hospitalization.
Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi 1992 Sep
PMID:Postmenopausal tuboovarian abscess. 146 35

Children whose brain tumor involves two or more compartments at presentation differ clinically and pathologically from children whose brain tumor is confined to one compartment. In this study of 3,291 children with a brain tumor, at least 10% had a tumor that occupied two or three compartments at first hospitalization. Infratentorial tumors occupying multiple compartments were 1.7 times more likely to involve the cervicomedullary junction than the mesodiencephalic junction. Younger children (1-3 years) were more likely to have had multiple compartment tumors than older children. Children whose tumor was limited to the infratentorial compartment had a longer survival than children whose tumor also occupied other compartments. Ependymoma, anaplastic ependymoma, and astrocytoma (nos) were over represented among infratentorial multiple compartment tumors. Pilocytic astrocytoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (medulloblastoma), and desmoplastic medulloblastoma were less likely to have occupied multiple compartments at the time of the first surgical exploration. The distributions of histologic features in tumors at the cervicomedullary junction differed from those in tumors limited to the posterior fossa or to the spinal canal. Seizures were more likely if the tumor was confined to the supratentorial compartment, whereas nausea or vomiting and headache were more likely if the tumor was confined to the infratentorial compartment. Children whose tumor was confined to the spinal canal were significantly more likely to have bladder symptoms and back and/or abdominal pain than those whose tumor also involved compartments above the foramen magnum. We conclude that brain tumors apparently confined to one compartment at presentation are biologically and structurally different from tumors evident in two or more compartments.
J Neurooncol 1992 Sep
PMID:Childhood brain tumors that occupy more than one compartment at presentation. Multiple compartment tumors. 146 64

A 75-year-old man initially complained of pollakiuria and low abdominal pain, and died of massive bleeding from an exacerbated gastric ulcer. The diagnosis of primary cardiac lymphoma was made postmortem. The tumor involved only the epicardium and myocardium, which met the criteria of primary cardiac lymphoma as defined by the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. The lymphoma consisted of large cells and expressed the B cell marker, CD20. Although chronic inflammation due to chronic renal failure was observed in the pericardium around the lymphoma, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect monoclonality at the DNA level in lymphoma cells, which were shown to comprise a monoclonal population.
Acta Pathol Jpn 1992 Sep
PMID:Case report of primary cardiac lymphoma. The applications of PCR to the diagnosis of primary cardiac lymphoma. 147 62

Seventeen cases of intestinal capillariasis in Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand were reviewed. The mean age was 40.41 years with a range from 21 to 69 years. Most cases had intermittent or continuous voluminous watery diarrhea for one month to three years with hypoalbuminemia. Borborygmi, vague abdominal pain, weight loss and pedal edema were significant associated symptoms. Fecal examination was the most useful for diagnosis by finding the Capillaria philippinensis ova in all cases. Mebendazole 400 mg per day for 20 to 28 days is the treatment of choice. Usually, relapse and death are unusual, inadequate treatment is a major factor.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1992 Sep
PMID:Intestinal capillariasis: a cause of chronic diarrhea and hypoalbuminemia. 148 97

Gastrointestinal symptoms occur in a large number of patients with food allergies. Immediate hypersensitivity mechanisms may give rise to the nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea experienced by these patients. However, there are limited human data about the pathophysiological basis for these symptoms. Most of the available information comes from a variety of animal models. This article reviews the literature using models of intestinal food hypersensitivity, as well as human studies, that have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity.
Gastroenterology 1992 Sep
PMID:Gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity: basic mechanisms of pathophysiology. 149 10

Side effects of octreotide may be local, biochemical, gastroenterological, or endocrinological. Local pain at the injection site occurs frequently, but rarely lasts more than 15 minutes and often resolves with continued therapy and may be improved if the vial is warmed prior to injection. No long-term hematological or biochemical abnormalities have been described. Despite initial diarrhea in some patients, no change in circulating fat-soluble vitamins has been consistently reported. Antibodies to octreotide have been described, but are rare. Abdominal pain or diarrhea can occur at the beginning of therapy. These symptoms rarely persist and are minimal if the injections are timed between meals, but this may increase the incidence of gallstones. Gallstones occur with increased frequency. Gastritis has been described as being an invariable consequence of long-term treatment with octreotide. We have found the incidence to be increased in patients on octreotide, but this is not invariable. Hypoglycemia may be exacerbated in some patients with insulinoma because of glucagon suppression. Small numbers of patients on octreotide for acromegaly have developed hypoglycemic. Conversely, carbohydrate tolerance may temporarily worsen because of insulin suppression and rarely oral hypoglycemia drug therapy may become necessary. Most frequently, carbohydrate tolerance does not deteriorate. In some patients with acromegaly, pituitary tumor size may continue to increase despite continued therapy. Last, there is the theoretical risk of addiction to a compound which may act through opiate receptors and considerably alleviates headache in some patients with pituitary tumor. Overall, despite the multiplicity of theoretical side effects, the majority of patients tolerate octreotide well, with no serious untoward effects.
Metabolism 1992 Sep
PMID:Proceedings of the discussion, "Tolerability and safety of Sandostatin". 151 39

A 10-year (1980-1989 inclusive) retrospective study was carried out at Zimbabwe's six main urban hospitals to evaluate the epidemiology of poisoning caused by traditional medicines. A total of 1456 cases were recorded, and this represented 23% (the biggest single group) of all poisoning cases. Sixty-seven per cent (982) of the patients were male and 33% (474) were female. The majority of patients (53%; 776) were under 5 years of age; 18% (264) were 21-30 years old; the 31-40-year age group accounted for 9.1% (132) of patients, and the 11-20-year age group for 6.7% (97). A mere 1.5% (22) of patients were over 60. Sixty-one per cent (892) of all cases were of poisoning associated with medication (treatment) and 8% (113) were accidental poisonings, while suicides and parasuicides accounted for 0.2% (3) and 2% (30) respectively. The mortality rate was 6% (2% of deaths were accidental and/or treatment-related). The main reasons for seeking treatment with traditional medicines were for depressed fontanelles and fever in children and diarrhoea and abdominal pain in adults. Treatment consisted mainly of supportive therapy and involved the induction of vomiting with ipecacuanha in children. This study indicates that the use of traditional medicines is common in Zimbabwe.
S Afr Med J 1992 Sep
PMID:The pattern of poisoning from traditional medicines in urban Zimbabwe. 151 43

While nonoperative management of blunt hepatic trauma has become the standard of care in children, its use in the adult population is not as well accepted. The purpose of this study was for the authors to review their experience with operative and nonoperative management of adults with blunt hepatic trauma at an urban trauma center. During the past 7 years, 56 adults were found on abdominopelvic computerized tomography or at exploratory laparotomy to have sustained blunt hepatic trauma. Nonoperative management was considered in patients who were hemodynamically stable; had no signs of peritoneal irritation; and had no other intra-abdominal injuries that might require surgical repair. Of the 56 patients, 20 were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit for careful observation. One patient required the administration of blood products and a second underwent laparotomy within 12 hours of presentation for progressive abdominal pain. This patient had a 4-cm liver laceration easily controlled with electrocautery. This review supports the judicious application of nonoperative management in the hemodynamically stable adult with blunt hepatic trauma who is without signs of significant peritoneal irritation or other intra-abdominal injuries that would require surgical repair.
Am Surg 1992 Sep
PMID:Nonoperative management of adult blunt hepatic trauma in a municipal trauma center. 152 22

1. Applied potential tomography is a new, non-invasive technology for observing changes in blood volume. We have used it to study 12 women with lower abdominal pain caused by pelvic congestion, and 15 control subjects. 2. A significant increase in blood volume of 1.8% was observed in the pelvis of women with congestion when changing from the supine to the erect position, and of 2.7% in the control subjects (P less than 0.0002). The difference between the groups was not significant. 3. The distribution of the area over which blood volume changes took place was significantly different between the two groups (P less than 0.002). More of the posterolateral part of the pelvis was involved in women with pelvic congestion than in the control subjects. 4. Applied potential tomography distinguishes between normal women and those having pelvic congestion with a specificity of 87% and a sensitivity of 75%.
Clin Sci (Lond) 1991 Sep
PMID:Local blood volume changes in women with pelvic congestion measured by applied potential tomography. 165 43

The toleration and safety profile of the azalide antibiotic, azithromycin, has been assessed in 3,995 patients aged 2-94 (mean, 36) years, comprising 1,644 females and 2,351 males. Patients with infections of the respiratory tract or skin/skin structure received 1.5 g azithromycin over 5 days; patients with urethritis/cervicitis caused by Chlamydia were treated with 1 g as a single dose. Assessments of side effects and laboratory safety test abnormalities were made pretreatment and approximately 7-14 and 30 days after the start of therapy. Twelve standard antibiotics have been used for comparison. Overall, side effects were recorded in 12.0% of patients, significantly less (p less than 0.05) than with comparative drugs (14.2%). The most common side effects were diarrhea (3.6%), abdominal pain (2.5%), and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Ninety-three percent of side effects were classed as mild or moderate, and only 0.7% of patients withdrew from treatment, significantly less (p less than 0.001) than with comparative agents (2.6%). The frequency of side effects was not affected by patient age. Azithromycin had no marked or consistent effect on laboratory safety parameters. Treatment-related laboratory abnormalities were rare, the most common being transient increases of ALT and AST in 1.7% and 1.5% of patients, respectively. Specific tests revealed no neurologic, audiometric, or ophthalmologic abnormalities, or evidence of phospholipidosis. There were no pharmacokinetic interactions observed with theophylline, warfarin, cimetidine, carbamazepine, or methylprednisolone, but coadministration with food altered the absorption of the drug. Coadministration with antacids decreased the peak serum concentration of azithromycin, but did not affect its overall absorption. Azithromycin was well tolerated in the presence of a wide variety of concurrent illnesses and medications.
Am J Med 1991 Sep 12
PMID:Clinical toleration and safety of azithromycin. 165 42


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