Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present here 6 patients with Fasciola hepatica infection, all from rural origin, and with the risk factors of eating wild watercress. The more common symptoms were: fever (83%), abdominal pain (100%), weight loss (83%) and generalized myalgia and joint pain (67%). All patients presented with an absolute eosinophil count above 1,000 cell/mm3. The diagnosis was established in five cases by means of serologic techniques (haemagglutination) and with direct visualization of adult worms while surgery in one case. A CT abdominal scan was performed in five patients, revealing specific lesions of tissue infiltration in four of them. Praziquantel was used in four patients, achieving clinical cure in three cases. In two patients, bithionol was used, with clinical cure in both cases. We review also some newer diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this parasitic disease.
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PMID:[Fasciola hepatica infestation. Biopathology and new diagnostic and therapeutic aspects]. 148 90

A 13-year-old girl presented with fever, night sweat, weight loss, abdominal pain, haematuria and hepatosplenomegaly. Urinalysis revealed many Schistosoma haematobium ova, but rectal snip examination was negative for schistosomal ova. X-ray and CT scan of the chest revealed enlargement of the anterior, superior, mediastinal and left suprahilar lymph node with an adjacent left pulmonary parenchymal opacity and small peripheral lesions on the right side. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy was normal. The patient was treated with Praziquantel for her urinary schistosomiasis. Because of her clinical and radiological chest findings, the possibilities of lymphoma and tuberculosis were considered. Therefore, she underwent a thoracotomy and biopsy of her thoracic lesions. The histopathology revealed pulmonary granulomas surrounding schistosoma ova with reactive mediastinal lymph adenitis.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis associated with a mediastinal mass: case report and review of the literature. 170 47

Infections by adult cestodes are widely distributed in the world, and induced digestive and general disturbances. In this study, 40 patients with Taenia saginata and 15 with Hymenolepis nana were treated by one single oral dose of Praziquantel, at the dosage of 10 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day respectively. As side effects, no biological disturbances occurred, but 6 patients complained of abdominal pain and diarrhea. The efficiency was complete. Praziquantel, a wide spectrum anti-helminthic day drug, used in schistosomiasis, fascioliasis, cysticercosis, is the best treatment of adult cestodes.
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PMID:Successful treatment of Taenia saginata and Hymenolepis nana by single oral dose of praziquantel. 187 62

This paper studies 50 Cuban patients with Taenia saginata admitted at "Pedro Kouri" Institute of Tropical Medicine from October 1982 to November 1985. There were no significant differences as far as patient sex is concerned and there was a prevalence of the age group 15-25. All cases had undergone several courses of antiparasitic treatment with niclosamide. There was proglotid passage in 100% of cases and abdominal pain in 36% of patients, as clinical elements of interest. Praziquantel was administered in a dosage of 10 mg per kg of body weight, in single doses, and the effectiveness of the drug was documented in 100% of cases, with a follow-up of more than 7 weeks.
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PMID:[Our experience in the treatment of Taenia saginata (Goenze, 1762) with praziquantel]. 267 72

Cestodes are very frequent intestinal parasites. They induce different troubles, regrouped as "taeniasis". In our study, 30 patients with Taenia saginata and 10 with Hymenolepis nana has been treated by one single dose of praziquantel, a wide-spectrum anti-helminthic drug, at the dosage of 10 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day respectively. As side-effects, no biological disturbances occurred, but 6 patients complained of abdominal pain and diarrhea. The efficiency has been complete. Praziquantel seems to be the drug of choice as treatment of adult cestodes.
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PMID:[Efficacy of a single dose of praziquantel as treatment for Taenia saginata and Hymenolepis nana]. 305 64

A 42-year-old American male researcher contracted schistosomiasis from environmental sources in the course of his observations on human behavior in Upper Egypt. After a long asymptomatic period, he developed various symptoms and Schistosoma haematobium was found in a urine examination. After treatment with Metrifonate, urine examination became negative. However, abdominal pain persisted and most diagnostic tests were negative. Colonoscopic examination and biopsy of the mucosa revealed schistosomiasis. Treatment with Praziquantel was thoroughly effective in clearing the persistent Schistosoma haematobium infection. It is necessary to maintain a high index of suspicion in cases of potential schistosomiasis. The availability of nontoxic treatment is discussed.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis in an American medical investigator. 309 17

Praziquantel undergoes extensive first-pass hepatic biotransformation, but there is little information on its disposition or toxicity when administered to patients with liver disease. To define the influence of liver disease on the pharmacokinetics of praziquantel, we administered it orally to 30 patients with proven Schistosoma japonicum infection whose liver disease was carefully assessed as being severe, moderate, or absent. Both the peak plasma concentration of praziquantel and the bioavailability (measured as the area under the plasma concentration time curve) were significantly greater in the two groups of patients with liver disease (P less than .005), as were the concentrations of the two identified metabolites of praziquantel. Mild side effects were associated with high peak concentrations of praziquantel, but a syndrome of severe abdominal pain followed by bloody diarrhea was not. Our results indicate that the side effects and bioavailability of praziquantel are increased in the presence of liver disease.
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PMID:Praziquantel pharmacokinetics and side effects in Schistosoma japonicum-infected patients with liver disease. 312 60

A 49-years old female patient was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain and symptoms of a shock. Four months before she had been sick and been an outpatient with slight pain in the upper abdomen and remarkable weight loss. The suspicion of perforated gall bladder was the indication to a laparotomy. A tumor on the right lobe of the liver was found. The histological diagnosis was: eosinophilic portal hepatitis with multiple eosinophilic abscesses in the liver. The parasitologic serology showed a positive test for Fasciola (liver fluke). Praziquantel in high doses was promptly effective and cured the patient. The sheep liver fluke is a common parasite of the biliary tract of herbivores all over the world, but rarely leads to a human disease. The patient had lived many decades in the South Pacific. The differential diagnoses was manifold because of the traveling habits, the clinical symptomatic and the course of the disease. The biology of the sheep liver fluke implies an infection acquired in Europe some weeks before the first symptoms of the disease.
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PMID:[Fascioliasis of the liver. Differential diagnosis and questions of latency based on a case report]. 321 68

Praziquantel (2-cyclohexylcarbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino[2,1-a]++ +isoquinolin- 4-one, EMBAY 8440, Biltricide) has been used in 4853 patients with Opisthorchis viverrini infection. 786 patients were treated as inpatients with extensive clinical evaluation and the rest were out-patients. A cure rate (evaluated with 5 faecal samples) of 100% was obtained in groups given 6 X 25 mg/kg on 2 days and 3 X 25 mg/kg on 1 day, while in groups given 2 X 25 mg/kg, 1 X 25 mg/kg and 1 X 40 mg/kg all on 1 day the cure rates were 88, 44 and 91%, respectively. With one sample evaluation the parasitological cure rate was 96% in further 96 patients excreting the geometric mean (GM) of 5394 eggs per gram (EPG) and receiving 1 X 40 mg/kg. Another 68 patients with an egg output of 26044 (GM/EPG) and treated with 1 X 50 mg/kg showed a cure rate of 97% by similar evaluation. Side effects were mild and transient and were more frequent in higher dosage groups. They included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, epigastric pain, rumbling in the abdomen, diarrhoea, lassitude, myalgia, headache, dizziness, sleeplessness, sleepiness, "hot sensation", shortness of breath, and skin rash in a few cases. Headache (30.7%) was most common in the 6 X 25 mg/kg group. In 53 patients with severe jaundice the side effects were similar. There was no evidence of toxicity. Remarkable was one patient treated with 1 X 50 mg/kg who expelled 5636 O. viverrini worms, most of which were elongated and damaged. When a single dose is prescribed it should be given at bed time to reduce the side effect of sedation.
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PMID:Opisthorchis viverrini: clinical experience with praziquantel in Hospital for Tropical Diseases. 654 86

Six species of Paragonimus have been reported in Thailand: P. siamensis in cat, bandicoot and rat; P. bangkokensis in mongoose; P. harinasutai in cat and dog (experiment); P. macrochis in bandicoot and rat; P. westermani in tiger and P. heterotremus in cat, dog and man. It is interesting to note that in 1965 two immature P. heterotremus worms were recovered for the first time in man, namely in subcutaneous swellings in a boy; in 1981 nine mature P. heterotremus worms were expectorated after praziquantel treatment. P. heterotremus has been postulated to be the main cause of human paragonimiasis in Thailand. The clinical manifestation of paragonimiasis heterotremus is similar to paragonimiasis westermani. In the 1960's and 1970's bithionol was used to treat paragonimiasis, the cure rate was only 50-60%, and side effects including urticaria, rash, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and dizziness were common. In the past 4 years, niclofolan and praziquantel (2-cyclohexyl-carbonyl-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro - 4H - pyrazino [2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one, EMBAY 8440, Biltricide) have been used. A single dose of 2 mg/kg body weight of niclofolan yielded 100% cure rate. Praziquantel at dosages of 3 X 25 mg/kg body weight daily for one day and two days gave 80% and 100% cure rates, respectively. The eggs disappeared in 2-3 weeks with improvement of symptoms and signs, but radiologically lesions took a few months or more to clear, depending on size and severity. Side effects in the niclofolan group were higher; in the praziquantel group side effects were minimal and no toxic effects were detected.
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PMID:Paragonimus heterotremus and other Paragonimus spp. in Thailand: pathogenesis, clinic and treatment. 654 91


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