Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind, randomized parallel group trial comparison involving 712 patients with irritable bowel syndrome was performed. Over a treatment period of 4 weeks hyoscine-N-butylbromide (30 mg/day p.o.) plus paracetamol (1 500 mg/day p.o.), hyoscine-N-butylbromide (30 mg/day p.o.), paracetamol (1. 500 mg/day p.o.) or placebo (3 tablets/day p.o.) were administered. Patients kept a diary and entered a daily rating of their symptoms (visual analogue scale). At the end of the four weeks 81% of the patients in the Buscopan plus group were deemed "responder" (marked or some improvement in symptoms). In the Buscopan group 76%, in the paracetamol group 72% and in the placebo group 64% of the patients were responders. The differences between the Buscopan plus group and the placebo group, and between the Buscopan group and the placebo group were statistically significant. The daily rating on the analogue scale showed a statistically significant improvement in abdominal pain intensity in the Buscopan plus group versus the placebo group and in the Buscopan plus group versus the paracetamol group. Thirty-eight patients ( = 5%, no differences between the treatment groups) experienced adverse effects, that did not require treatment. Buscopan plus and Buscopan are suitable for the treatment of the irritable bowel syndromes.
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PMID:[The treatment of irritable colon. Efficacy and tolerance of buscopan plus, buscopan, paracetamol and placebo in ambulatory patients with irritable colon]. 221 May 87

In its FDA approved formulation, N-butylscopolammonium bromide (Buscopan Injectable Solution, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica) is an anticholinergic spasmolytic agent indicated for management of abdominal pain associated with spasmodic colic, flatulent colic, and simple impactions in horses. Use of this drug ablates gastrointestinal peristalsis and rectal pressure. It ahs been suggested that N-butylscopolammonium bromide could be used to facilitate rectal examinations in horses. This study compared the effects of N-butylscopolammonium bromide versus lidocaine and a saline control on rectal pressure and the number of rectal strains during rectal examination. The results of this study indicate that this drug increases the quality and, presumably, the safety of rectal examinations in horses.
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PMID:A comparison of N-butylscopolammonium and lidocaine for control of rectal pressure in horses. 1703 47

Abdominal cramping and pain is a frequent problem in the adult population of Western countries, with an estimated prevalence of < or =30%. Hyoscine butylbromide (scopolamine butylbromide) [Buscopan/Buscapina] is an antispasmodic drug indicated for the treatment of abdominal pain associated with cramps induced by gastrointestinal (GI) spasms. It was first registered in Germany in 1951 and marketed in 1952, and has since become available worldwide both as a prescription drug and as an over-the-counter medicine in many countries. This article reviews the pharmacology and pharmacokinetic profile of hyoscine butylbromide, and summarises efficacy and safety data from clinical trials of this drug for abdominal cramping and pain. Pharmacological studies have revealed that hyoscine butylbromide is an anticholinergic drug with high affinity for muscarinic receptors located on the smooth-muscle cells of the GI tract. Its anticholinergic action exerts a smooth-muscle relaxing/spasmolytic effect. Blockade of the muscarinic receptors in the GI tract is the basis for its use in the treatment of abdominal pain secondary to cramping. Hyoscine butylbromide also binds to nicotinic receptors, which induces a ganglion-blocking effect. Several pharmacokinetic studies in humans have consistently demonstrated the low systemic availability of hyoscine butylbromide after oral administration, with plasma concentrations of the drug generally being below the limit of quantitation. The bioavailability of hyoscine butylbromide, estimated from renal excretion, was generally <1%. However, because of its high tissue affinity for muscarinic receptors, hyoscine butylbromide remains available at the site of action in the intestine and exerts a local spasmolytic effect.Ten placebo-controlled studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral or rectal hyoscine butylbromide. Hyoscine butylbromide was considered beneficial in all of these trials, which supports its use in the treatment of abdominal pain caused by cramping. Hyoscine butylbromide is barely absorbed and detectable in the blood and does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and is, therefore, generally well tolerated. Few adverse events have been reported; in particular, no significant increases in the incidence of anticholinergic-related adverse effects have been observed. In summary, hyoscine butylbromide appears to be a valuable treatment option for patients with symptoms of abdominal pain or discomfort associated with cramping.
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PMID:Hyoscine butylbromide: a review of its use in the treatment of abdominal cramping and pain. 1754 75

Hyoscine butylbromide (HBB; tradenames: Buscopan/Buscapina is an antispasmodic drug for the treatment of abdominal pain associated with gastrointestinal cramping. As a hyoscine derivative, this compound competitively inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors on smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract. Preliminary investigations suggested that it might also inhibit nicotinic ACh receptors. This study investigated the effect of HBB on nicotinic ACh receptor-mediated membrane currents in SH-SY5Y cells. ACh and nicotine application-induced comparable membrane currents with EC(50) values of 25.9+/-0.6 and 40.1+/-0.4microM, respectively. When coapplied with 100microM ACh, HBB concentration-dependently suppressed currents with an IC(50) value of 0.19+/-0.04microM, and was approximately seven-times more potent than the ganglionic blocker, hexamethonium (IC(50)=1.3+/-0.3microM). Increasing the agonist concentration to 5mM did not affect the amount of block by HBB, which suggests a non-competitive mode of action. These functional in vitro data demonstrate for the first time that HBB blocks neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors in the same concentration range as it inhibits muscarinic ACh receptors. If one hypothesizes that HBB might also affect nicotinic receptors in autonomic neurons in vivo (e. g. in the enteric nervous system), this effect could contribute to its spasmolytic activity.
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PMID:Hyoscine butylbromide potently blocks human nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in SH-SY5Y cells. 1907 Jun 47

A 25-year-old male presented with complaints of abdominal pain for the past two months. He was prescribed Buscopan and omeprazole by a general surgeon. It was only when patient started complaining of backache that he was referred to an orthopedic surgeon. On examination of spine, there was tenderness at the upper dorsal spine. A diagnosis of Pott's disease affecting the upper dorsal spine was made. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the vertebral changes and showed subligamentous spread of paravertebral masses from D2 to D7. This case illustrates the unusual form in which spine tuberculosis can present. High index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis and prompt management. General surgeons should be aware of this atypical presentation of Pott's disease.
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PMID:Spinal Tuberculosis Presenting as Abdominal Pain: Rare Presentation of a Common Disease. 3083 98