Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The therapeutic effects of quinacrine (Atabrine) and metronidazole (Flagyl) were compared in a 3-year prospective study of 160 infants and children (86 boys and 74 girls ranging in age from 4.5 months to 13 years) with giardiasis. The most common symptom was recurrent abdominal pain. In each study group stool examinations were done 5 days, 1 month, and 6 months after treatment. There were no treatment failures with metronidazole, whereas four of those treated with quinacrine had positive stools 5 days after treatment, indicating possible failure. There were no recurrences at 1 month; after 6 months, however, Giardia infection was found in 13% of both treatment groups. These recurrences were seen mainly in children from families with other infected members. Considering the low failure rate, the minimal side effects, and the relatively more tolerable flavor, metronidazole seems to be preferrable in the treatment of giardiasis. A dosage of 15-25 mg/kg a day for 5 days is recommended.
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PMID:Giardiasis in infancy and childhood: a prospective study of 160 cases with comparison of quinacrine (Atabrine) and metronidazole (Flagyl). 43 10

Eighty-eight African patients with amoebic liver abscess are described. The diagnosis was readily made in pyrexial patients who had right-sided upper abdominal pain, an enlarged, very tender liver and signs at the right base. However, in apyrexial subjects (10%) and where abdominal pain was absent (7%), the diagnosis was considerably delayed. Five children (7%) were seen under the age of five, four of whom died because the diagnosis was not suspected. It is particularly emphasized that there should be a greater awareness of this condition in this age group. Amoebae were found in only a small percentage of stool (14%) and pus specimens (11%), while biopsy of the abscess edge yielded 40%. The relative values of a positive amoebic latex test (82%) and an elevated alkaline phosphatase (71%) are noted. In only half the aspirations was the classical anchovy sauce appearance seen. Metronidazole is the drug of choice with repeated aspirations for large abscesses. Mortality was 13-5%, occurring mainly in the extremes of life.
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PMID:Amoebic liver abscess in Rhodesian Africans. 100 58

Two hundred cases of amebic liver abscess diagnosed between 1989 and 1991 at the Kasturba Medical College, Manipal were analyzed in this retrospective study. The clinical features and investigation reports were studied and the treatment and its response were analyzed. Amebic liver abscess constituted 0.6% of total hospital admissions during the study period. The male to female ratio was 13:1 with the most common age group of presentation between the fourth and fifth decades of life. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (92%) and hepatomegaly was observed in 94% of the cases. Ultrasonogram of the abdomen served as the most useful diagnostic aid. Right lobe abscess was observed in 87% of the cases. Abscess was single in 81.5% of cases. Abscess size of more than 4 cm was observed in 46.5% of the cases. Metronidazole and chloroquine were found to be effective in most cases. Aspiration was done in 35.5% of cases. The complications encountered in this study were pleural effusion (two cases), pneumonic consolidation (four cases), pericardial effusion (one case) and ascitis (two cases).
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PMID:Profile of amebic liver abscess. 134 Mar 5

During the period from March through November 1989, 70 children who were attended at the Pediatric Department at Central Hospital in Valencia, were enrolled in the study, it was thought that Giardia lamblia infection might be present. Giardia L. were identified using two different diagnostic procedures: from stool samples and duodenal aspirates for cysts or trophozoites examination. These children were treated with Metronidazole three dosage of 15, 30 and 50 mg/kg per day for a ten day period. Our study showed predominant giardiasis in children with ages ranging from 2 to 6 years old (60%) with a relationship between female and male sex 1.05:1. In this series, 72.8% of patients presented normal nutrition, and 55.7% of them were from the suburban area. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal distention, constipation and flatulence. The infants prevalent symptom was diarrhea (83.3%) and the older children and school children prevalent symptom was abdominal pain with 78.5 and 100% respectively. In this study, stool examination was positive in 97.1% of the children and duodenal aspirate was positive in all 70 children (100%); the first procedure showed predominant Giardia cysts (88.2%) and the second one showed predominant trophozoites (47.1%). All 70 patients (100%) were cured with Metronidazole to different dosage. Side effects were seen with only the maxim dose, such as nausea 40%, headache 10% and appearance of yeast into 50% of duodenal aspirate.
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PMID:[Giardia lamblia: comparison of two diagnostic methods and evaluation of response to treatment with metronidazole]. 184 30

Clinical and laboratory findings among 123 paediatric patients infected by intestinal protozoa were analysed. Dientamoeba fragilis (D. f) was found in 102 cases. The other patients proved to be carriers of Giardia lamblia or of mixed infections with several protozoa. Acute and recurrent diarrhoea have been found to be the most common symptoms, whereas abdominal pain was most common in children with chronic infections. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was seen in a third of the children with dientamoebiasis. Metronidazole, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin were effective drugs in the treatment of D. f. infections. The therapy coincidentally led to the elimination of protozoal infections as well as the abdominal complaints. These results underline the pathogenic role of D. f. in children with gastrointestinal symptoms.
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PMID:On the clinical importance of Dientamoeba fragilis infections in childhood. 188 Apr 5

Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a protozoan that may inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. In our study we reviewed the signs and symptoms of patients at Wilford Hall with stool specimens positive for B. hominis. These patients fell into four groups, HIV-positive adults, foreign nationals, children, and adults not known to be HIV positive. B. hominis caused an acute self-limited diarrheal illness, or chronic gastroenteritis with nausea, abdominal pain, and mild diarrhea. Metronidazole effectively relieved the symptoms and cleared the organism in some but not all patients.
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PMID:Blastocystis hominis infection: signs and symptoms in patients at Wilford Hall Medical Center. 212 Jun 22

Clinical and laboratory findings of 123 paediatric patients with infections due to intestinal protozoa were analysed. Dientamoeba fragilis (D.f.) was found in 102 cases. The other patients had infections with Giardia lamblia or mixed infections with several other protozoa. Acute and recurrent diarrhoea were the most common findings (56 cases), whereas abdominal pain was more common in children with chronic symptoms. Peripheral eosinophilia was present in 32% of the children with dientamoebiasis. Metronidazole, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin were the most effective drugs in the treatment of D.f. infections. The therapy led coincidentally to the sanitation of stools and elimination of abdominal complaints. The investigations underline the pathogenic role of D.f. in those children with gastrointestinal symptoms. Mixed infections of D.f. and Enterobius vermicularis suggest a vector bound transmission of D.f.
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PMID:Dientamoeba fragilis infection, a cause of gastrointestinal symptoms in childhood. 232 52

A forty-eight year-old man complained of upper abdominal pain and diarrhea with mucinous bloody stool. He had not been abroad. Except high fever, anemia, leukocytosis and elevated rate of erythrocyte sedimentation, laboratory findings were not abnormal. Gastrofiberscopy showed the protrusion of gastric mucosa with a hollow on its surface in the angle. Abdominal CT scan and echogram revealed an abscess in the right hepatic lobe and an abscess in the left lobe. Ulceration and small protrusion of the rectal mucosa were found by romanoscopy. Stool examinations could not reveal amebas, but serological test for amebiasis by the Ouchterlony method showed positive. Under the diagnosis of the perforation into the stomach of amebic liver abscess, he was treated with Metronidazole and tetracycline. But, as a diffuse shadow appeared in the right thoracic cavity on the chest x-ray films with bloody sputa, perforation of amebic liver abscess to the right thoracic cavity was suspected. Laparotomy showed the communication of the abscess to gastric lumen. The post operative course was uneventful. We reported a case with the rare complication of amebic liver abscess.
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PMID:[A case of amebic liver abscess rupturing into the stomach]. 357 79

The case-study of genital actinomycosis in a 33-year old woman wearing a "Copper T200" IUD is presented. She was hospitalized and treated for lower abdominal pain and non-characteristic signs of adnexitis twice. Adnexectomy on the left side was performed to remove an orange-size cyst. Histo-pathological examination of a prepared tissue sample revealed a colony of Actinomyces. Following the operation the patient was treated with 3 x 500 mg Flagyl (metronidazole) 3 x 80 mg of Gentamicin im. The wound healed in 19 days after operation. This woman had worn the IUD continuously for more than 3 years, thus there was an increased risk of uterine lesions. The most frequent consequences of wearing IUDs for a long time are dysmenorrhea and endometritis and therapeutic approaches are detailed. Since its first description in the literature in 1857 actinomycosis has not been mentioned frequently. However, with the spread of IUDs, the number of actinomycosis-like cases has increased and this justifies the need for improved diagnosis. The frequency of actinomycosis occurring in women wearing IUDs ranges between 1.6% and 19.7%
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PMID:[Adnexal actinomycosis in a woman using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)]. 358 37

We have reported a case of diarrhea caused by Blastocystis hominis, an intestinal protozoan parasite of man. The organism is present in small numbers in up to one fifth of stool samples in hospitalized patients, but is associated with diarrhea in only heavily infested patients. Typical symptoms include diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, low-grade fever, gas, malaise, and chills. Fecal leukocytes are occasionally seen. The pathophysiologic mechanism of the diarrhea is not clear. Not all patients having large parasite burdens are symptomatic. Metronidazole, 1 to 2 gm/day orally in divided doses, is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Diarrhea due to Blastocystis hominis: an old organism revisited. 360 19


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