Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 66-year-old female visited our university hospital with the chief complaint of right lower abdominal pain in July, 1984. Kidney-ureter-bladder roentgenograms disclosed the right ureter stone and several left renal stones. She passed the right ureter stone composed of calcium oxalate. Thereafter, she passed small stones twice and sand stones twice until September, 1985. The stone analysis revealed two of them as silica. Although most patients with silica stones reported in Japan had a history of long-term medication of magnesium trisilicate, this patient had not taken this drug. Silica stones are rare and fifteen cases including the present case have been reported in Japan.
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PMID:[Silica calculi: a case report]. 165 20

Blind ending bifid ureter is a rare anomaly in the urinary tract. This anomaly may result from failure of a premature branch of the ureteral bud to join with the metanephric blastema. A 21-year-old man was admitted with macroscopic hematuria and colic pain in the left flank region. Urinalysis demonstrated hematopyuria and excretory urography suggested bifid ending accessory ureter with a stone on the left side. Surgical exploration showed that the accessory ureter was bifurcated from the left ureter at about 5 mm from the bladder wall and ran parallel with the left ureter. Although dense adhesions to the surrounding tissue existed, the accessory ureter was resected at the site of the junction. It measured 3 cm in length and 1 cm in greatest diameter. The stone found at the tip of the accessory ureter was composed of calcium oxalate (24%) and calcium phosphate (76%). Histological examination revealed that the ureter had all layers of normal ureteral structure and no renal tissue was identified in the specimen resected. During a follow-up period of 22 months after the operation, he was free of urinary tract infection and abdominal pain. Of 77 cases with blind ending bifid ureter reported in the Japanese literature, a ureteral stone was found in the blind branch in only 5 cases.
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PMID:[Blind ending bifid ureter with stone in the blind branch: report of a case]. 185 88

Between June 1979 and June 1989, 54 children with urolithiasis were evaluated and treated at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center. The most common symptoms were flank or abdominal pain (58%) and gross hematuria (28%). In 46 children (86%), stones were secondary to a preexisting condition and in only 8 (14%) no apparent cause of stone formation could be found. Thirty-six patients (66%) had a solitary stone, most commonly found in the kidney. Urinary tract infections were present in 25 (47%) of the patients who had stones. Stones composed either of calcium oxalate or struvite were the most frequently recovered in these patients with infections. Twenty-one patients (39%) spontaneously passed their stones whereas 23 (43%) required either surgery or extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy to resolve stones. Ten (20%) showed recurrence of their urolithiasis, with follow-up examination periods ranging from 1 month to 10 years. Recent advances in the management of urolithiasis and their applicability to the pediatric population are discussed.
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PMID:Childhood urolithiasis: experiences and advances. 201 20

Six children with inflammatory bowel disease and nephrolithiasis are reported. Their mean age at the passage of the first stone was 12.5 years and the mean duration of active inflammatory bowel disease was 34.5 months. Four had ulcerative colitis and two had Crohn's disease. In three patients, the onset of stone disease was associated with a flare in the bowel disease. Stone passage in four patients was accompanied by an increase in abdominal pain; three experienced gross hematuria. Stones from four of the patients were composed primarily of calcium phosphate; stones from the remaining patients contained uric acid and/or calcium oxalate. The pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis as it relates to inflammatory bowel disease is considered and an approach to therapy offered.
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PMID:Nephrolithiasis in childhood inflammatory bowel disease. 299 32

Fifty-two children with urinary calculi seen between 1975 and 1986 were reviewed. Males dominated the series. The age distribution ranged from 10 months to 14 years (mean 7.2 years); 71% presented after school age. Most patients had upper tract stones. The main presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, infection and haematuria. The causative factors or co-factors were infection, malformations and urodynamic abnormalities. Metabolic disorders were rare. Calcium oxalate and uric acid stones were found most often. Surgical management was required in 88% of patients and only 3.8% had a recurrence. Presenting symptoms are variable and so a high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis.
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PMID:Urolithiasis in Jordanian children. A report of 52 cases. 304 81

Intratubular deposits of calcium oxalate crystals can be responsible for acute renal failure. The present report concerns two cases for which none of the known causes of oxalate nephropathy were found. Both patients had common features: chronic alcoholism and denutrition. Except for early lumbar and abdominal pain, the renal failure picture was without any peculiarity. Renal biopsy showed tubular epithelium alterations with marked luminal deposition of birefringent crystals consistent with calcium oxalate. In one patient serum oxalate level was high, and in the other urinary oxalate excretion rose above normal when diuresis resumed. Renal function recovered spontaneously (follow-up of four years for one patient). Neither intoxication nor intestinal disease could be detected. Given the key role of pyridoxine in oxalate metabolism, we suggest that vitamin B6 deficiency secondary to alcoholism and denutrition could cause a rise in oxalemia leading to oxalate nephropathy. Experiments in animals support this hypothesis.
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PMID:[Reversible acute renal failure with tubular oxalosis. Possible role of nutritional factors]. 323 1

A group of 28 Syrian children (19 males and 9 females; age ranging from 2.5 to 12 years) were diagnosed clinically and radiologically to have upper urinary tract stones. The commonest presentations were renal colic, vomiting, haematuria, pyrexia and vague abdominal pain. Family history of renal stones was present in 21% of cases. Haematological picture and chemical analysis of blood were within the normal limits for their age and sex. Urine analysis, however, showed significantly marked increase in the 24-hour excretions of calcium and uric acid. Microscopic examination showed haematuria and pyuria in 72% of the children with urolithiasis. Chemical analysis of removed stones revealed that most of them were mixed stones of calcium oxalate and urate or/and phosphate. Pure stones of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate were less common. Radiologically, about 95% of all stones were demonstrated by plain X-ray, while 5% only after IVP.
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PMID:Some features of paediatric urolithiasis in a group of Syrian children. 358 9

One hundred and fifty children up to the age of 12 years with documented evidence of renal or ureteric stones were studied between July 1973 and June 1983. The peak age group was between 10 and 12 years, the male to female ratio being 1.9:1. Abdominal pain was the commonest presenting symptom (66.6%). Asymptomatic stones or vague symptoms in 23 patients warrant a higher index of suspicion of renal stone disease in children. Thirty patients had associated renal insufficiency. One third of the children had a positive urine culture, Proteus spp. being the commonest organism. Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract were seen in 12% of patients. In the majority (59%), aetiological factors related to stone formation could not be identified. One hundred and thirty patients underwent surgery for removal of stones. Analysis of calculi by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy revealed that stones were predominantly of mixed type, calcium oxalate being the commonest compound. The overall recurrence rate following surgical removal was 15%.
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PMID:Renal stones in children in Pakistan. 408 18

Two brothers, aged 16 and 11 years, had recurrent episodes of vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain, starting in infancy. In spite of extensive investigations no cause of their enterocolitis could be established. After several years symptomatic treatment was discontinued without any recurrence of symptoms. Their father and several paternal relatives have had kidney stones. Both boys developed urolithiasis and an oxalate-containing stone was removed from the elder brother's kidney. He had no hypercalciuria. His glomerular and tubular function tests were normal. Gas chromatography of urine from both brothers revealed massive excretion of L-5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid). Glutathione levels in erythrocytes of both patients were normal. The activities of enzymes of the gamma-glutamyl cycle were analysed in erythrocytes, leukocytes and cultured skin fibroblasts. The level of glutathione synthetase was normal, as was the affinity of this enzyme for its substrate gamma-glutamyl-cysteine. Feedback inhibition of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase by glutathione was also normal. Both patients had a specific deficiency of 5-oxoprolinase, the activity of which was 2-4% of that of control subjects. Their parents had intermediate 5-oxoprolinase activities in fibroblasts, indicating a recessive mode of inheritance. Thus, 5-oxoprolinuria in these two patients was due to a lack of 5-oxoprolinase, i.e., a new inborn error in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.
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PMID:5-oxoprolinuria due to hereditary 5-oxoprolinase deficiency in two brothers--a new inborn error of the gamma-glutamyl cycle. 611 26

Alocasia macrorrhiza (L) Schott and Endl is called Hai Yu, Tien Ho, Shan Yu, Kuan Yin Lien, Tu Chiao lien, Lao Hu Yu and Lang Du in Chinese. Its common English name is Giant Elephant's Ear. The toxic effects of A macrorrhiza arise from sapotoxin and include gastroenteritis and paralysis of the nerve centers. From 1985 to 1993 all individuals who called the Poison Control Center asking for information regarding macrorrhiza were included in this retrospective study. A questionnaire filled out by the Poison Control Center staff collected the demographic data of the victim, the reason for consumption, the prescribed part, clinical symptoms and signs of the victim, and medical outcome of poisonings. Among 27 cases of A macrorrhiza poisoning, the age was 1.5 to 68 y with 12 females and 15 males. One had skin contact and 1 had eye contact. In the 25 cases that consumed the plant leaf or tuber either raw or cooked, the primary symptom was in injected sore throat and the secondary symptom was numbness of the oral cavity. Some patients had salivation, dysphonia, abdominal pain, ulcers of the oral cavity, difficulty in swallowing, thoracodynia, chest tightness and swollen lips. We believe the presence of sapotoxin alone is not sufficient to explain the injected swollen and ulcerative lesions. Calcium oxalate is reported distributed in the entire plant and results in inflammation of the oral cavity and mucous membranes just as our patients had.
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PMID:Calcium oxalate is the main toxic component in clinical presentations of alocasis macrorrhiza (L) Schott and Endl poisonings. 955 63


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