Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study of 32 patients with primary upper small intestinal lymphoma in our region revealed 10 cases of alpha heavy-chain disease. Patients were mostly in the second and third decades of life and males predominated. Weight loss, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were the most common complaints and clubbing the most frequent physical findings. Laboratory tests revealed a malabsorption pattern on intestinal x-rays, and malabsorption of xylose, fat, and vitamin B12 was frequently noted. Dense plasmacytic infiltrate of the lamina propria of small bowel was the most frequent pathologic finding while true neoplasm of the lymphoid system (ie, immunoblastic sarcoma) was encountered in 20% of the cases.
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PMID:Alpha heavy-chain disease in southern Iran. 41 71

A patient with abdominal pain was found to have severe compression of his celiac artery on abdominal angiography. Preoperative evaluation with base line and provocative xylose absorption studies were compatible with decreased intestinal blood flow. Surgical division of the median arcuate ligament corrected the intraoperatively determined pressure gradient. Postoperative studies at three months demonstrate absence of celiac artery compression on angiography and normal provocative xylose absorption studies. This case lends support to the existence of the median arcuate ligament syndrome.
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PMID:Malabsorption and abdominal pain secondary to celiac artery entrapment. 85 6

Surveys of athletes, primarily runners, have shown that digestive disorders are common, associated both with training and racing. Women, in particular, seem to suffer most commonly. Nearly half have loose stools and nausea and vomiting occur frequently after hard runs. Diarrhoea, incontinence and rectal bleeding occur with surprising frequency. Runners may use medications prophylactically to minimise some of these symptoms. Upper digestive symptoms seem to occur more commonly in multisport events such as triathlons or enduro. The published literature is difficult to analyse and the basic intestinal physiology not well studied. Most gastroenterologists are accustomed to evaluating the fasting patient at rest and exercise physiologists are seldom experienced with digestive techniques. Digestive symptoms occurring with exercise referable to the oesophagus include chest pain, gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms, or symptoms related to alterations in motility. While little is known of the oesophageal physiology during exercise, it is believed that only minimal changes occur in most subjects. Gastro-oesophageal reflux occurs more frequently with exercise than at rest and may produce symptoms of chest pain suggestive of ischaemic disease. Acid exposure may be reduced by pretreatment with histamine H2-receptor antagonists. Oesophageal symptoms, though common, are rarely disabling to the athlete, and the clinical importance lies in confusion with ischaemic disease. Cases of acute gastric stasis following running have been reported and gastric physiology during exercise, particularly bicycling, has been more actively investigated. Gastric emptying during exercise is subject to a number of factors including calorie count, meal osmolality, meal temperature and exercise conditions. However, it is generally accepted that light exercise accelerates liquid emptying, vigorous exercise delays solid emptying and has little effect upon liquid emptying until near exhaustion. Gastric acid secretion probably changes little with exercise although some have postulated that ulcer patients may increase secretion with exercise. Some exercise-associated digestive symptoms, such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain, have been attributed to changes in intestine function. Small bowel transit is delayed by exercise when measured by breath hydrogen oral caecal transit times and motility may be reduced as well. Intestinal absorption during exercise has not been well evaluated but probably changes little in ordinary circumstances. Passive absorption of water, electrolytes and xylose are not affected by submaximal effort. Colonic transit and function is even more difficult to evaluate and published results have been conflicting. However, it is likely that many of the lower digestive complaints of runners such as diarrhoea and lower abdominal cramps are due to direct effects of exercise upon the colon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The effect of exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. 218 30

Local and systemic side effects of clofazimine in 514 Leprosy and 26 vitiligo patients who had taken the drug in different doses (100 mg to 300 mg daily) for variable periods of time. The commonest side effect noted was reddish brown pigmentation of skin in 77.8% patients. In an equal number of patients, ichthyotic changes on the peripheral parts of the body were noticed. GIT symptoms occurred only in 0.04% patients in the form of abdominal pain, epigastric distress, mild transient nausea and anorexia. Other minor side effects noted were reddish coloration of sweat, urine and tears. Schilling's, d-xylose tests and faecal fat excretion were near normal in the 21 patients in whom these parameters were done. No abnormality in the Jejunal mucosal biopsy was observed after therapy. No abnormality in the EKG or serum biochemistry occurred even after prolonged therapy. We found the drug to be very safe in the usual doses.
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PMID:More about clofazimine--3 years experience and review of literature. 361 62

The bacterial overgrowth syndrome occurs when there are alterations in intestinal anatomy, gastrointestinal motility, or a lack of gastric acid secretion. Clinically, patients present with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms that include abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas production, diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption. The nutritional consequences of intestinal bacterial overgrowth include vitamin deficiencies, fat malabsorption, and malnutrition. The diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion and can be established by specialized testing, such as the 1-gram 14C-xylose breath test. The goal of treatment is eradication of the bacterial overgrowth (usually with antibiotics) and the correction of nutritional deficiencies.
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PMID:Nutritional consequences of intestinal bacterial overgrowth. 780 70

The hydrogen breath test (H2BT) with D-xylose has proven valid in both early recognition and follow-up of intestinal malabsorption. To further evaluate the specificity of the H2BT with D-xylose in the diagnosis of intestinal malabsorption as compared to the conventional urinary D-xylose test, we analyzed the result in 49 patients referred to our unit with a clinical diagnosis of intestinal malabsorption. These patients had an abnormal 25-g D-xylose H2BT but a normal conventional urinary D-xylose test. Jejunal biopsy with Watson capsule was performed in all patients. H&E staining was prepared from each biopsy specimen, and histological changes were classified according to the Marsh criteria. Jejunal biopsy showed mucosal atrophy in 5 patients (10%), hyperplastic lesion in 11 (22.5%), infiltrative lesion in 14 (28.5%), and normal appearance in 19 (39%). G. lamblia infection was additionally diagnosed in two patients. Histological changes were independent of the presence of diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, or anemia. H2 excretion, assessed as increase over baseline and area under the curve, was similarly independent of the histological pattern. In conclusion, performance of a D-xylose H2BT in patients with a normal urinary test reveals a significant number of patients with intestinal mucosal atrophy who might otherwise remain undiagnosed.
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PMID:Improved screening for intestinal villous atrophy by D-xylose breath test. 1069 7

A review of reported cases of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) of horses for which no etiology was identified included cases of granulomatous enteritis (GE), multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED), lymphocytic-plasmacytic enterocolitis (LPE), and idiopathic eosinophilic enterocolitis (EC). The terms EC and MEED were both used to describe a disease in horses characterized by infiltration of intestine and extraintestinal tissues with eosinophils. We use EC to describe IBD characterized by only intestinal infiltration by eosinophils. Horses with GE, MEED, or LPE are usually examined because of weight loss and depression, but horses with EC are usually examined because of signs of abdominal pain. Typically, horses with IBD have low concentrations of serumal proteins, especially albumin, and fail to adequately absorb glucose or xylose. Antemortem diagnosis of IBD can only be made by histologic examination of affected intestine. In some cases, antemortem diagnosis is made from histologic examination of rectal mucosa obtained by biopsy. Suspected causes of IBD in the horse include abnormal immune response to bacterial, viral, parasitic, or dietary antigens. Most horses with IBD do not survive, but horses with EC are more likely than those with LPE, MEED, or GE to respond to treatment. Successful treatments of horses with IBD include resection of grossly affected intestine and administration of corticosteroids.
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PMID:Chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases of the horse. 1083 May 38

Intestinal barrier function was prospectively examined in the course of a clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of lisofylline for reducing cytotoxic therapy-induced intestinal epithelial damage-related infectious morbidity in patients receiving standard remission-induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. The absorption and permeation of oral D-Xylose, lactulose and mannitol were measured weekly from baseline until marrow recovery in adult recipients of idarubicin plus cytarabine for untreated acute myeloid leukaemia. These studies were correlated with non-haematologic chemotherapy-related toxicities reflecting mucosal damage, including nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and systemic infection. D-xylose absorption decreased and lactulose:mannitol ratio reflecting intestinal permeability increased from baseline until the second and third week after the beginning of the treatment followed by recovery. These measures correlated with infection rates, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and increased blood product utilization. Lisofylline was associated with increased intestinal permeability, nausea, vomiting and infection-related morbidity despite a reduction in the duration of neutropaenia. These surrogates of intestinal barrier function correlated well with clinically important outcomes despite the failure to demonstrate reduced morbidity with lisofylline and represent useful objective outcome measurements for future clinical trials of products for the amelioration of the effects of cytotoxic therapy on the intestinal mucosa.
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PMID:Intestinal mucosal dysfunction and infection during remission-induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. 1708 79