Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lately, myeloprolipherative disorders are frequently reported as causes of portal vein thrombosis, probably due to the early detection of latent cases of this condition. We report two patients with portal vein thrombosis that presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and clinical consequences of portal hypertension such as variceal hemorrhage, splenomegaly and ascites. Diagnosis was made by a CAT scan in one patient and doppler ultrasound in the other. Both patients had high platelet counts and an essential thrombocytosis in the bone marrow.
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PMID:[Portal vein thrombosis associated with essential thrombocytosis. Clinical cases and review of the literature]. 900 49

A patient with a history of epigastric abdominal pain and occasional vomiting is presented. During the study of an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gastroduodenal invagination secondary to a gastric lipoma of 5.5 cm in diameter was diagnosed. Upper digestive endoscopy and gastroduodenal study were not diagnostic. Echography detected a duodenal mass suspect of invagination. CAT diagnosed the lipomatous nature of the tumor. Surgery confirmed gastroduodenal invagination with a gastric lipoma with ulceration in the mucosa which covered the same. Enucleation of the tumor was performed. Histologic study established the diagnosis of gastric lipoma. The post operative period was uneventful. A review of the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare disease is reported.
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PMID:[Gastroduodenal invagination and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to gastric lipoma]. 929 46

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), an inherited disorder of phagocytic leukocyte function, is characterized by recurrent infections with catalase-positive organisms. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement, present in the majority of affected individuals, may be present initially and recurrently, mimics other entities such as inflammatory bowel disease, and causes substantive morbidity and mortality. Disorders of motility, ulceration, obstruction, and infection (e.g., abscesses) occur from the mouth to the anus and stereotypically manifest with vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever. Careful physical examination, in concert with appropriate diagnostic studies, is necessary to delineate intraabdominal pathologic processes. Abdominal radiographs, ultrasonography, computerized tomography, and endoscopy are useful ancillary diagnostic procedures. Drainage of accessible abscesses, antimicrobial therapy based on organisms cultured from blood and tissue, and interferon gamma may lead to suppression or eradication of infections and resolution of symptoms. Corticosteroids are useful for gastric outlet obstruction and sulfasalazine and cyclosporine for large bowel disease. Gallbladder dysfunction may be ameliorated, as in our patient, with administration of cholestyramine.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal complications of chronic granulomatous disease: case report and literature review. 956 72

A 13-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a 5-day history of lower abdominal pain and dysuria that coincided with the onset of her last menstrual period. Menarche occurred 4 months previously and previous cycles were normal. The CAT scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a uterus didelphis with obstruction. Abdominal pain was due to hematocolpos and hematometra. The left hemivagina was distended with hematocolpos, and left renal agenesis was also noted. The vaginal septum was removed surgically without complications and she continued to be monitored closely.
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PMID:Lower Abdominal Pain in a Perimenarchal Adolescent. 1036 1

Hemangiomas are frequent benign tumors of the liver. Symptoms (abdominal pain and fullness) are mostly seen in giant lesions. Rupture is the most severe complication, can occur spontaneously, with intraperitoneal bleeding, in 1-4% of hemangiomas and has been described in about 30 cases in the international literature with a high mortality (about 60%). This complication is the principal indication for surgery. Although spiral CAT scan and MR are actually the most efficacious imaging methods for study of liver hemangiomas, after Echography, emergency techniques that allows a simultaneous therapeutic approach--as is angiography--are preferable. Trans-arterial embolization (TAE) is in fact useful to stop bleeding and then to perform a safer surgery. A successful embolization can delay the surgical resection of the hemangioma for the time necessary to recover from the hemodynamic distress. Aside from the success of angiographic approach, surgery remains mandatory, effective in stopping the bleeding and in preventing re-bleeding or other complications of TAE such as abscess, fever, etc.. Intraoperative echography currently is the best method to identify vasculo- biliary anatomy and to perform a correct resection. The absence of risk factors for spontaneous rupture of liver hemangiomas, makes this event unpredictable. The best treatment for non-ruptured hemangiomas is still controversial but surgery is usually limited to symptomatic tumors larger than 10 cm.
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PMID:Spontaneous rupture of a giant hemangioma of the liver. 1101 19

A 27 years old female presented with diffuse abdominal pain, malaise, weight loss and a palpable mass in the left abdomen. Abdominal CAT scan showed a 18 cm heterogeneous tumoral mass that originated in the kidney. The patient was operated on and it was not possible to completely remove the mass. In the postoperative period the patient received chemotherapy with vincristine, cyclophosphamide and adryamicin but the disease progressed and the patient died 16 months later. The pathological study of the surgical specimen disclosed a tumor with monotonous proliferation of small round cells with a basophilic nucleus and scanty cytoplasm with PAS positive granules. Immunohistochemistry was positive for specific neuronal enolase and CD99. Involvement of the urinary system with primary neuroectodermal tumors is very infrequent.
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PMID:[Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney. A case report]. 1135 72

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a heme precursor that accumulates in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) due to enzymatic deficiencies in the heme biosynthetic pathway Its accumulation has been associated with several symptoms, such as abdominal pain attacks, neuromuscular weaknesses, neuropsychiatric alterations and increased hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. The use of exogenous ALA to elevate porphyrin levels in tumor photodynamic therapy, adds further significance to ALA toxicology. Under ferritin mediated and metal catalyzed oxidation, ALA produces reactive oxygen species that can damage plasmid and isolated DNA in vitro, and increases the steady-state level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in liver, spleen and kidney DNA and 5-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine in liver DNA of ALA-treated rats. The in vitro DNA damage could be partially inhibited by SOD, catalase, DTPA, mannitol and melatonin. ALA also promotes the formation of radical-induced base degradation products in isolated DNA. 4,5-Dioxovaleric acid, the final oxidation product of ALA, alkylates guanine moieties within both nucleoside and isolated DNA, producing two diastereoisomeric adducts. Dihydropyrazine derivatives of ALA generated by its dimerization, promote DNA strand-breaks and 8-oxodGuo formation in the presence of Cu2+. Together these results reinforce the hypothesis that the DNA damage induced by ALA may be associated with the development of HCC in individuals suffering from AIP.
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PMID:Is 5-aminolevulinic acid involved in the hepatocellular carcinogenesis of acute intermittent porphyria? 1193 Sep 45

A 68 years old male presented with right hypochondrium abdominal pain and jaundice with no other clinical finding. CAT Scan and Ultrasonography showed right lobe bile duct dilatation. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography gave an outstanding vision of a restricted right lobe bile duct dilatation associated to choledocholithiasis. A right hepatectomy and bile duct exploration were performed. The histopathological study disclosed a Caroli disease associated to a primary cholangiocarcinoma. Caroli disease is a congenital disorder characterized by intrahepatic cystic bile duct dilatation with a high risk association with cholangiocarcinoma.
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PMID:[Primary cholangiocarcinoma associated with Caroli disease]. 1208 Aug 80

A 32 years old female was admitted to hospital due to acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and liquid stools. Physical examination was normal except for pain on her left inferior abdominal quadrant without peritoneal irritation signs. An abdominal CAT-scan suggested thrombosis at celiac trunk, although the echo Doppler showed no alterations except for signs of ischemia in the distal branch of the superior mesenteric artery. An exploratory laparotomy was performed disclosing a necrosis of the distal ileum and cecum, diffuse peritonitis and thrombosis of the ileocecoapendiculocolic artery. No vasculitis lesions were found in the arteries of medium size examined. A history of intermittent claudication for the past 3 years as well as acrocyanosis, asymmetry of pulses and blood pressure in the superior extremities was ascertained after the surgery. A MRI angiogram showed multiple stenoses and irregularities at the celiac trunk, hepatic, superior mesenteric and fibular arteries. No abnormalities at the aortic arch and its main branches were documented. A sepsis due to Candida sp complicated her postoperative period. After recovery, prednisone 1 mg/kg/day was started and the anticoagulation continued. The abdominal pain, intermittent claudication and superior limb acrocyanosis disappeared. This is an unusual case of type IV Takayasu's arteritis with acute abdominal signs as the first manifestation.
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PMID:[Intestinal necrosis as clinical presentation of Takayasu arteritis]. 1249 34

Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidising agent that is used in a number of household products, including general-purpose disinfectants, chlorine-free bleaches, fabric stain removers, contact lens disinfectants and hair dyes, and it is a component of some tooth whitening products. In industry, the principal use of hydrogen peroxide is as a bleaching agent in the manufacture of paper and pulp. Hydrogen peroxide has been employed medicinally for wound irrigation and for the sterilisation of ophthalmic and endoscopic instruments. Hydrogen peroxide causes toxicity via three main mechanisms: corrosive damage, oxygen gas formation and lipid peroxidation. Concentrated hydrogen peroxide is caustic and exposure may result in local tissue damage. Ingestion of concentrated (>35%) hydrogen peroxide can also result in the generation of substantial volumes of oxygen. Where the amount of oxygen evolved exceeds its maximum solubility in blood, venous or arterial gas embolism may occur. The mechanism of CNS damage is thought to be arterial gas embolisation with subsequent brain infarction. Rapid generation of oxygen in closed body cavities can also cause mechanical distension and there is potential for the rupture of the hollow viscus secondary to oxygen liberation. In addition, intravascular foaming following absorption can seriously impede right ventricular output and produce complete loss of cardiac output. Hydrogen peroxide can also exert a direct cytotoxic effect via lipid peroxidation. Ingestion of hydrogen peroxide may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract with nausea, vomiting, haematemesis and foaming at the mouth; the foam may obstruct the respiratory tract or result in pulmonary aspiration. Painful gastric distension and belching may be caused by the liberation of large volumes of oxygen in the stomach. Blistering of the mucosae and oropharyngeal burns are common following ingestion of concentrated solutions, and laryngospasm and haemorrhagic gastritis have been reported. Sinus tachycardia, lethargy, confusion, coma, convulsions, stridor, sub-epiglottic narrowing, apnoea, cyanosis and cardiorespiratory arrest may ensue within minutes of ingestion. Oxygen gas embolism may produce multiple cerebral infarctions. Although most inhalational exposures cause little more than coughing and transient dyspnoea, inhalation of highly concentrated solutions of hydrogen peroxide can cause severe irritation and inflammation of mucous membranes, with coughing and dyspnoea. Shock, coma and convulsions may ensue and pulmonary oedema may occur up to 24-72 hours post exposure. Severe toxicity has resulted from the use of hydrogen peroxide solutions to irrigate wounds within closed body cavities or under pressure as oxygen gas embolism has resulted. Inflammation, blistering and severe skin damage may follow dermal contact. Ocular exposure to 3% solutions may cause immediate stinging, irritation, lacrimation and blurred vision, but severe injury is unlikely. Exposure to more concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions (>10%) may result in ulceration or perforation of the cornea. Gut decontamination is not indicated following ingestion, due to the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase to oxygen and water. If gastric distension is painful, a gastric tube should be passed to release gas. Early aggressive airway management is critical in patients who have ingested concentrated hydrogen peroxide, as respiratory failure and arrest appear to be the proximate cause of death. Endoscopy should be considered if there is persistent vomiting, haematemesis, significant oral burns, severe abdominal pain, dysphagia or stridor. Corticosteroids in high dosage have been recommended if laryngeal and pulmonary oedema supervene, but their value is unproven. Endotracheal intubation, or rarely, tracheostomy may be required for life-threatening laryngeal oedema. Contaminated skin should be washed with copious amounts of water. Skin lesions should be treated as thermal burns; surgery may be required for deep burns. In the case of eye exposure, the affected eye(s) shod eye(s) should be irrigated immediately and thoroughly with water or 0.9% saline for at least 10-15 minutes. Instillation of a local anaesthetic may reduce discomfort and assist more thorough decontamination.
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PMID:Hydrogen peroxide poisoning. 1529 93


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