Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated the CAP activity of placental chorionic villi and maternal serum in the first trimester using a new ultramicro fluorometric method and obtained the following results: The CAP activity of the lysosome fraction (C3) was the greatest of the first trimester villi fractions (6.8 +/- 1.5n mol AMC/min/mg protein). No changes in CAP activity were seen in each fraction for the same wet weights of chorionic villi obtained during the different trimesters. The peak volumes (found with Sephadex G200) of the first trimester chorionic villi C3 fraction and the first trimester maternal serum almost coincided. CAP activity in normal healthy pregnant women in the 5th to 13th weeks of gestation rose gradually as pregnancy advanced. Maternal serum CAP activity was found to be lower than normal when abortion was imminent, but in cases in which the prognosis was favorable, the clinical signs, such as genital bleeding and lower abdominal pain, vanished and the values returned to within the normal range. However, when the prognosis was poor, the clinical signs did not improve and the values remained below normal. These findings suggest that first trimester CAP is produced by the lysosome fraction (C3) of the chorionic villi and that its activity in the maternal serum is directly related to placental function.
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PMID:The changes in CAP activity in first trimester placental chorionic villi and maternal serum, and their clinical significance. 399 52

Laboratory and clinical studies on BRL 25000 granules (containing clavulanic acid (CVA) 1 part plus amoxicillin (AMPC) 2 parts) were performed in infections in the pediatric field. Following oral administration of BRL 25000 granules at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight, the maximum serum levels of AMPC and CVA achieved approximately 1 hour after dosing were 8.68 micrograms/ml and 4.09 micrograms/ml and declined thereafter with half-lives of 1.39 and 0.80 hours, respectively. The 6-hour urinary recovery rates for AMPC and CVA were 55.81% and 26.08%, respectively. Following oral administration of BRL 25000 granules at a dose of 22.5 and 24.3 mg/kg body weight, the serum levels of AMPC and CVA peaked at 7.37 micrograms/ml and 2.98 micrograms/ml after 1 hour and declined with half-lives of 2.52 and 0.99 hours, respectively. The 6-hour urinary recovery rates for AMPC and CVA were 40.02% and 13.95%, respectively. The clinical efficacy of BRL 25000 granules was evaluated in 23 patients with upper respiratory tract infections, skin infections, etc. Overall the clinical efficacy was good to excellent in 21/23 (91.3%). The bacteriological and clinical efficacy rates for beta-lactamase producing bacteria and non-producing bacteria were 50% (1/2) and 100% (12/12), respectively. Side effects were observed in 1 patient, who experienced mild diarrhea and abdominal pain but not of a severe nature.
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PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies on BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid -amoxicillin) granules in the pediatric field]. 400 47

A total of 150 children with acute otitis media were randomly allocated to treatment with amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate (Augmentin) or with cefaclor. Each drug was given in a daily dosage of approximately 40 mg/kg in three divided doses for ten days. Tympanocentesis done before treatment yielded specimens that contained pneumococcus or Haemophilus sp or both in 67% of specimens. Viridans group streptococci were isolated from 10% of specimens and Branhamella catarrhalis from 6%. Patients were scheduled for follow-up examinations at midtreatment, end of therapy, and at 30, 60, and 90 days. Of the 150 children, 130 were evaluable. Five of 60 patients (8%) treated with cefaclor were considered therapeutic failures because of persistent purulent drainage and isolation of the original pathogen or suprainfection. There were no failures among patients treated with Augmentin (P = .019). Rates of relapse, recurrent acute otitis media with effusion, and persistent middle ear effusion were comparable in the two groups of patients. Diaper rash, or loose stools, or both were significantly more common in children treated with Augmentin (34%) than in those taking cefaclor (12%), but in no case was it necessary to discontinue medication because of these mild side effects (P = .002). Cefaclor therapy was discontinued in one patient because of severe abdominal pain and vomiting. In this study, treatment with Augmentin was superior to treatment with cefaclor in the acute phase of acute otitis media with effusion, but Augmentin produced more adverse effects. The rates of persistent middle ear effusion and recurrent acute otitis media with effusion were comparable with the two regimens.
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PMID:Comparative treatment trial of augmentin versus cefaclor for acute otitis media with effusion. 403 33

Augmentin was compared with co-trimoxazole for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in general practice. All 28 patients randomly allocated to treatment with co-trimoxazole were cured. Of the 24 patients treated with augmentin 20(83%) were cured. The cure rate with co-trimoxazole was significantly greater (p = 0.039) than with augmentin. One patient treated with co-trimoxazole developed a skin rash. Two patients treated with augmentin developed severe diarrhoea and abdominal pain and a further two light-headedness. Two of the patients who failed augmentin treatment were reinfected with an augmentin-resistant organism. Twelve of the 52 pathogens were resistant to amoxycillin. One of these 12 was also resistant to augmentin and two only moderately sensitive. An additional three patients were excluded from the study because their infecting pathogen was resistant to augmentin. Augmentin would appear to have a place in the treatment of amoxycillin-resistant bacterial infections.
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PMID:Comparison of augmentin with co-trimoxazole for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. 660 1

Three children presented with bilious vomiting due to malrotation at the age of 3, 5 and 12 years, respectively. They were treated surgically and recovered fully. In the period 1989-2002, 12 patients were operated for malrotation after the first year of life in the Emma Children's Hospital AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The mean age at operation was 5 years (range: 1-15). The most important symptoms were (bilious) vomiting and abdominal pain. Four patients had a history of bilious vomiting in the neonatal period. Nine patients had been previously admitted to a hospital with abdominal complaints. The most sensitive imaging technique was an upper gastrointestinal contrast study. Malrotation with intermittent volvulus can cause recurrent abdominal complaints and vomiting in children. Bilious vomiting is pathologic at any age and should lead to further investigations, preferably an upper gastrointestinal contrast study to exclude malrotation or other obstructions.
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PMID:[Bilious vomiting due to malrotation, also in older children]. 1507 74

Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a rare, potentially lethal infection, with a clinical picture of multiple organ dysfunction and shock. The etiology is Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin, while enterotoxins act as superantigens. Most cases are identified in women using a vaginal tampon. A 51-year-old female, with a past medical history of biliary dyskinesia, presented in the emergency room complaining of sudden onset of abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, myalgia, and chills. The initial diagnosis was biliary colic and was treated parenterally with Amoxi-clavulanate and fluid replacement. Initially, progress was unsatisfactory. Four days after admission she developed a systemic inflammatory syndrome, diffuse rash, jaundice, oliguria, confusion, persistent hypotension and biological evidence of thrombocytopenia, nitrogen retention, and cholestasis. She was admitted to the intensive care unit. A gluteal phlegmon induced after intramuscular injections was identified and surgically treated. Blood bacteriological cultures were negative, though MRSA was isolated in phlegmon pus. A diagnosis of STSS was based on CDC criteria. The risks of similar infections could be prevented by limiting intramuscular treatments and monitoring invasive procedures.
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PMID:Nosocomial Staphylococcal Toxic Shock. Case Report. 2996 53