Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with functional bowel disease commonly complain of abdominal pain, bloating, and excessive flatulence and eructation. Pain and bloating may be primarily caused by abnormal intestinal motility rather than by excessive intestinal gas. As yet there are no data available that prove excessive flatulence is actually caused by the presence of excessive intestinal gas. A study of the composition of intestinal gas provides insight into whether it is derived from swallowed air or from intraluminal metabolism. Therapy aims primarily at excluding the presence of organic disease as a cause and reassuring the patient that the disorder is functional in nature. Dietary manipulation, changing the habit of aerophagia, exercise, and pressure and heat applied to be abdominal area are all possibilities to be tried.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal gas. 110 99

A washout technic with intestinal infusion of an inert gas mixture was used to study the relation of gas to functional abdominal symptoms. The volume of gas in the intestinal tract (176 plus or minus 28 ml S.E.M.) of 12 fasting patients with chronic complaints of excess gas did not differ significantly (P greater than 0.10) from that of 10 controls (199 plus or minus 31 ml). Similarly, there was no difference in the composition or accumulation rate of intestinal gas. However, more gas tended to reflux back into the stomach in patients who complained of abdominal pain during infusion of volumes of gas well tolerated by controls. Six patients with severe pain during the study had intestinal transit times of gas (40 plus or minus 6 minutes S.E.M.) that were significantly (P less than 0.05) longer than those of the control group (22 plus or minus 3 minutes). Thus, complaints of bloating, pain and gas may result from disordered intestinal motility in combination with an abnormal pain response to gut distention rather than from increased volumes of gas.
 ...
PMID:The role of intestinal gas in functional abdominal pain. 115 77

Giardiasis is still regularly encountered in the United States, both as endemic cases from the local community as well as in patients returning from travel abroad. Giardiasis should be suspected in any child with steatorrhea, unexplained chronic diarrhea (especially if associated with growth failure), weight loss, or abdominal pain and bloating. Duodenal aspiration or small intestinal biopsy may be necessary to make a diagnosis because Giardia lamblia are not found by stool examination in 50% of symptomatic individuals. A diagnosis of giardiasis is important because the disease is curable.
 ...
PMID:Giardiasis in childhood. 119 Jan 62

Octylonium bromide (OB) is a drug with spasmolytic properties acting selectively on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract by interfering with calcium mobilization from extra- and intra-cellular deposits. The etiopathogenetic implications of a psychosomatic nature of the irritable bowel syndrome amply justify the use of a spasmolytic (OB) with a benzodiazepine. In our study, we compared the combination OB + DZ (20 mg + 2 mg) T.I.D. versus OB alone (20 mg) in 30 patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The double-blind study lasting 3 weeks was aimed at evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms (bowel motions, aspect of faeces, abdominal pain, pre-evacuation pain, bloating) during the three days preceding the study and during the last five days of treatment, as well as the anxiogenic situation as assessed by the STAI scale (State Tract Anxiety Inventory) before and at the end of the treatment period. The results obtained showed that both treatments considerably reduced gastrointestinal symptoms even though OB alone did not appear to be equally effective and the anxiety component was significantly reduced only by treatment with the combination. The absence of side effects and the perfect tolerability of both treatments showed the OB + D combination T.I.D. to be the treatment of choice for patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[Otilonium bromide-diazepam in the treatment of the irritable colon. A controlled study versus otilonium bromide]. 139 55

Motility-like dyspepsia, a clinical subgroup of functional dyspepsia, refers to the cluster of symptoms which suggests an underlying motility disturbance of the upper gut. Characteristic symptoms, in addition to upper abdominal pain or discomfort, are nausea, vomiting, early satiety, anorexia, postprandial abdominal bloating and excessive repetitive postprandial belching. Patients with concomitant symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome are currently excluded from this clinical entity. Delayed gastric emptying of solids and/or liquids, postprandial antral hypomotility and antroduodenal incoordination, gastric myoelectrical arrhythmias and dysfunction of visceral afferents are the major alterations in upper gut sensorimotor activity which have been described. An empirical trial of medical therapy is warranted if there are no "alarm" symptoms at presentation. If symptoms are not relieved after 2-4 weeks, then investigations of the upper gastrointestinal tract, preferably by endoscopy, to exclude the presence of organic disease, is advisable. Management approaches are then reassurance, dietary manipulations and attention to psychosocial aspects. Prokinetic agents appear to be useful as short-term medical therapy in some patients, but optimum long-term treatment strategies, including the use of medications which may improve a diminished tolerance to gut distension, are not established.
 ...
PMID:Motility-like dyspepsia. Current concepts in pathogenesis, investigation and management. 144 83

We investigated the effect of octylonium bromide on a number of symptoms and functional aspects of the irritable bowel syndrome. Seventy-two patients complaining mainly of abdominal pain were studied in a double-blind trial (octylonium bromide 40 mg tid for 4 weeks or placebo). Clinical parameters were: abdominal pain, bloating and bowel frequency. Sigmoid manometry with simultaneous recording of the thresholds for distension and/or pain upon graded inflation of an endoluminal balloon was performed before and at the end of treatment. In contrast to placebo, octylonium bromide significantly reduced pain and bloating, and significantly increased (p < 0.02) the pain threshold throughout the treatment period. However, comparison with the placebo group failed to show any relevant differences. Neither treatment influenced the frequency of bowel movement. Sigmoid motility during distension was significantly reduced after octylonium bromide (p < 0.05), but it did not change after placebo. In conclusion, octylonium bromide is capable of reducing symptoms and motor reactivity of the sigmoid in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Octylonium bromide in the treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical-functional study. 145 16

The irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder of gastrointestinal motility. Abdominal pain, bloating, and inconsistent bowel habits are the hallmark symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Fever, weight loss, and gastrointestinal bleeding often indicate more serious pathologic gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease or infectious enteritis. Because irritable bowel syndrome is so prevalent in our society, the primary care physician should be able to readily recognize the clinical features of this disorder in order to spare patients expensive, unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this review, the authors discuss the clinical and psychological features of irritable bowel syndrome and offer a useful approach to the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.
 ...
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome. 148 81

The most certain symptomatic manifestation of gallstones is episodic upper abdominal pain. Characteristically, this pain is severe and located in the epigastrium and/or the right upper quadrant. The onset is relatively abrupt and often awakens the patient from sleep. The pain is steady in intensity, may radiate to the upper back, be associated with nausea and lasts for hours to up to a day. Dyspeptic symptoms of indigestion, belching, bloating, abdominal discomfort, heartburn and specific food intolerance are common in persons with gallstones, but are probably unrelated to the stones themselves and frequently persist after surgery. Many, if not most, persons with gallstones have no history of pain attacks. Persons discovered to have gallstones in the absence of typical symptoms appear to have an annual incidence of biliary pain of 2-5% during the initial years of follow-up, with perhaps a declining rate thereafter. Gallstone-related complications occur at a rate of less than 1% annually. Those whose stones are symptomatic at discovery have a more severe course, with approximately 6-10% suffering recurrent symptoms each year and 2% biliary complications. The far higher rates of symptom development reported in a few studies raise the possibility that these incidence estimates may be too low. The best predictors of future biliary pain are a history of pain at the time of diagnosis, female gender and possibly obesity. The risk of acute cholecystitis appears to be greater in those with large solitary stones, that of biliary pancreatitis in those with multiple small stones, and that of gallbladder cancer in those with large stones of any number. Drugs that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins may now be the treatment of choice in patients with gallstones who are suffering acute pain attacks. Persistent dyspeptic symptoms occur frequently following cholecystectomy. A prolonged history of such symptoms prior to surgery and evidence of significant psychological distress appear to be the best predictors of unsatisfactory outcome.
 ...
PMID:Symptoms of gallstone disease. 148 6

We evaluated clindamycin and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients with culture or histology positive for H. pylori were randomized to receive two tablets of bismuth subsalicylate four times daily for 4 weeks or bismuth combined with 2 weeks of 300 mg clindamycin four times daily. Clinical symptoms were recorded before and after treatment by means of visual analog scales. Patients in both treatment arms showed improvement in clinical scores for abdominal pain, heartburn, and gas or bloating. Microbiologic cure was achieved in only 1 of 11 patients treated with bismuth alone and in none of 7 treated with bismuth/clindamycin. Successful eradication of H. pylori may require combination of multiple antibiotics, as recommended at the IXth World Congress of Gastroenterology, or pharmacokinetic modulators such as H2-blockers or omeprazole.
 ...
PMID:Double-blind randomized trial of bismuth subsalicylate and clindamycin for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. 150 90

In this study the efficacy of a topic intestinal antibiotic, Rifaximine, on quiescent ulcerative colitis has been evaluated. Twelve patients, aged 20-45 years, affected by ulcerative colitis, with an endoscopic evidence of remission and abdominal symptoms referable to microflora alteration have been admitted. All patients have been treated with Rifaximine 800 mg p.o. three times a day for 10 consecutive days. Meteorism, abdominal pain, and the stool number have been evaluated at admission and on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days of therapy. All symptoms and clinical parameters showed a mean significant early reduction on Rifaximine treatment. Only one patient failed to show a substantial improvement. In no case side effects appeared.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical-therapeutic considerations in the treatment of aspecific abdominal disturbances in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission: preliminary note on therapy with rifaximin]. 152 51


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>