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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical examination of the equine patient with acute abdominal pain should identify the affected body system and yield a provisional diagnosis. Determination of signalment, history, physical examination, and basic laboratory tests should assist in classification of the gastrointestinal disorder and direct the therapeutic plan. Determination of the definitive diagnosis of abdominal pain based on clinical examination is not crucial. For a successful outcome, efforts should be directed toward early recognition of the need for surgery and treatment of cardiovascular compromise in horses with severe gastrointestinal disease.
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PMID:Emergency analgesia and chemical restraint in the horse. 770 14

Clinical examination of the equine patient with acute abdominal pain should identify the affected body system and yield a provisional diagnosis. Determination of signalment, history, physical examination, and basic laboratory tests should assist in classification of the gastrointestinal disorder and direct the therapeutic plan. Determination of the definitive diagnosis of abdominal pain based on clinical examination is not crucial. For a successful outcome, efforts should be directed toward early recognition of the need for surgery and treatment of cardiovascular compromise in horses with severe gastrointestinal disease.
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PMID:Examination of the equine patient with gastrointestinal emergency. 770 18

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare process in which there is an inflammation of the mesenteric adipose tissue due to unknown causes and mechanisms. It evolves with abdominal pain and/or mass, among other symptoms, generally with a chronic and bening course. The concomitant tests are generally non-specific, the diagnosis being anatompathological. We present the case of an old woman who died hours after starting an episode of abdominal pain. The autopsy showed the presence of mesenteric panniculitis. The sudden onset of the clinical signs, without other justifying cause than the panniculitis itself, suggests that this must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain. In addition, the absence of other morphological findings which could suggest a fatal cause make us to consider the relationship between this and the panniculitis.
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PMID:[Mesenteric panniculitis: a case of acute and fatal presentation]. 771 18

In a retrospective study the value of sonography in the diagnosis of acute traumatic and nontraumatic conditions was evaluated. Records of patients who underwent emergency sonography during 1989 (group A, 159 patients) and 1991 (group B, 415 patients) were reviewed. In nontraumatic cases sonography confirmed the preliminary diagnosis in 43% and 50% of patients in groups A and B, respectively. In cases of acute abdominal pain with fever or leukocytosis, but without initial specific diagnosis, biliary disease was diagnosed in 3 group B patients; in a group A patient an abdominal aortic aneurysm was detected. There were positive sonographic findings in 42% and 17% of cases of blunt abdominal trauma in groups A and B, respectively. Sonographic evaluation of suspected splenic trauma confirmed the diagnosis in only 2 out of 9 patients in group B. Both studies show that sonography is a very effective, complementary, noninvasive method for evaluating patients with suspected acute surgical conditions. Sonography significantly reduced misdiagnosed biliary disease in cases of abdominal pain with fever or leukocytosis. In trauma, sonography obviated invasive diagnostic and surgical interventions in a significant number of cases. We recommend routine sonography in evaluating suspected, acute surgical conditions of traumatic or nontraumatic nature and in cases of undiagnosed abdominal pain with fever or leukocytosis.
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PMID:[Ultrasound evaluation of acute abdominal pain in the emergency department]. 775 Aug 49

Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare entity that most frequently occurs during the menstruating years, but has also been reported in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Diagnosis of this condition is often delayed because of the rarity of its occurrence and prolonged investigations to rule out more common causes of acute abdominal pain. A case of a 13-year-old girl with isolated left fallopian tube torsion is presented. A high index of suspicion must be maintained for adnexal torsion in women with abdominal pain so that an attempt can be made to salvage the adnexal structures.
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PMID:Torsion of the fallopian tube. 775 26

The anatomic and physiologic changes of pregnancy make the diagnosis and management of abdominal pain difficult. Abdominal conditions both related and unrelated to the pregnancy may be life threatening for mother or fetus; therefore, accurate diagnosis and proper management are essential. This article reviews the most common conditions presenting as acute abdominal pain during pregnancy.
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PMID:Acute abdominal pain in pregnancy. 778 41

The authors report two cases of vernix caseosa peritonitis, an infrequent complication of cesarean section with distinctive histopathologic findings. Both patients underwent exploratory laparotomy for unexplained abdominal pain after cesarean section. Histopathologic evaluation of surgically removed tissue revealed an organizing peritonitis, which included prominent collections of anucleate squamous cells in association with a foreign body-type granulomatous response. In both cases, the surgical pathologist suggested that the abdominal pain was likely a result of peritoneal reaction to spillage of keratinous material (vernix caseosa) derived from amniotic fluid contents during cesarean section. Surgical pathologists should be aware of this entity and include it in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain.
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PMID:Vernix caseosa peritonitis. An infrequent complication of cesarean section with distinctive histopathologic features. 860 52

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most widely studied applications of computer-aided diagnosis. The usual approach is to apply Bayes' theorem with the assumption of conditional independence ("independence Bayes"). We compared various approaches to designing diagnostic programs for abdominal pain of suspected gynaecological origin. The methods range from statistical to knowledge-based. All programs were evaluated using a database of 1,270 cases collected retrospectively. Our results suggest that in this application no significant improvement in accuracy can be made by taking interactions into account, either by statistical or by knowledge-based means; independence Bayes is near-optimal. As far as accuracy is concerned, there appears to be little point in pursuing knowledge-based approaches. However, the "nearest neighbours" method using a new metric appears to be at least as accurate as independence Bayes. We argue that the nearest neighbours method is more suitable than independence Bayes for clinical use because of greater accountability.
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PMID:The relative accuracy of a variety of medical diagnostic programs. 779 17

Solid ovarian masses in children are considered malignant unit proven otherwise. The authors report two cases of an unusual, benign, solid ovarian tumor found during ultrasound examination for evaluation of acute abdominal pain. Both patients were found to have a torsed nonviable ovary at the time of laparotomy. Patient 1 was a premenarcheal 10 year old who had undergone a lengthy evaluation for intermittent chronic abdominal pain. The ultrasound examination showed a 9- x 5-cm ovarian mass. Patient 2 was a virilized menarcheal 11 year old with a very large tumor (10 x 7 x 16 cm). The final pathology for both tumors was massive ovarian edema--a rare, stromal, virilizing tumor caused by chronic venous and lymphatic obstruction. Contralateral oophoropexy is a controversial treatment for the remaining ovary. A review of the literature regarding this uncommon tumor is provided.
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PMID:Massive ovarian edema in the pediatric patient: a rare solid tumor. 780 34

Spontaneous perforation is a rare complication of pyometra and is usually associated with uterine cervical occlusion. We report a very rare case of spontaneously perforated pyometra without cervical occlusion. A 56-year-old woman with severe abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. Exploratory laparotomy was performed because of suspicion of gastro-intestinal perforation with generalized peritonitis. There was no perforation of the stomach, gallbladder, or bowels, but examination of the uterus revealed a perforation of the uterine fundus. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Pathological investigation of the surgical specimen revealed endometritis and myometritis of the uterus; but there was no evidence of malignancy, and the cervical canal was patent. Although spontaneously perforated pyometra is rare, the condition must be born in mind with regard to elderly women with acute abdominal pain.
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PMID:Spontaneous perforation of pyometra: a case report. 781 Nov 91


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