Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study was conducted of 35 children in whom Dientamoeba fragilis was the only parasite found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 32 (91%) of these children; diarrhea was the most common finding in patients with acute symptoms, whereas abdominal pain was more common in children with chronic symptoms. Peripheral eosinophilia was present in half of the children examined and was statistically more significant in patients with D fragilis than in a control group of children admitted for elective surgery. Therapy with diiodohydroxyquin or metronidazole was effective; children's symptoms were diminished or were eliminated on follow-up evaluation after treatment. From this association between therapy and symptomatic relief, D fragilis should be considered pathogenic in those children with GI symptoms.
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PMID:Dientamoeba fragilis. An intestinal pathogen in children? 37 18

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure, usually in children under 10 years of age. Gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea, frequently precede the onset of renal failure. It has not been generally appreciated that the intestinal disease process may proceed to frank ischemic lesions of the colon requiring surgical intervention. An illustrative patient is presented in whom total infarction of the descending colon occurred. The patient represents the fourth reported case of surgical colonic disease as a consequence of the hemolytic uremic syndrome.
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PMID:Surgical lesions of the colon in the hemolytic uremic syndrome. 42 10

Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly seen in anticholinesterase insecticide intoxication. A few studies in adults have demonstrated some evidence for pancreatic damage in this poisoning. To see whether this association exists also in children, we conducted a prospective study in 17 consecutive children with typical organophosphate and carbamate poisoning. On admission and following recovery, serum amylase, immunoreactive trypsin, glucose, calcium, urea, creatinine, and arterial blood gas values were determined and compared with those of age-matched control subjects. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 5 subjects. They demonstrated significantly elevated (greater than mean + 2 SD) serum levels of both immunoreactive trypsin (914.0 +/- 317.4 ng/mL, 159.9 +/- 36.4 ng/mL, and 169.7 +/- 41.2 ng/mL, respectively; P less than .01) and amylase (448.0 +/- 264.4 U/L, 152.8 +/- 90.9 U/L, and 56.8 +/- 26.3 U/L, respectively; P less than .001; n = 4), compared with other patients and control subjects. Gastrointestinal symptoms were noted in all 5 subjects, with severe abdominal pain in 2. Such symptoms were evident in only 41% of the other 12 patients. Serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in these subjects compared with others (389.0 +/- 66.2 mg/100 mL vs 180.4 +/- 72.3 mg/100 mL; P less than .01). None had hypocalcemia, renal dysfunction, or acidosis. All had complete recovery. It is concluded that acute pancreatitis is probably not rare in children with anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning. This may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms and hyperglycemia often observed in these patients.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in children with anticholinesterase insecticide intoxication. 137 57

Gastrointestinal symptoms were present at the time of diagnosis in 81 (76%) of 107 patients with coeliac disease: 56% had diarrhoea/steatorrhoea, 32.7% abdominal pain and 15% constipation. Gastrointestinal symptoms were commonest in young adults (20-39 years) and less frequent in children (0-19 years). Anaemia, low serum levels of folic acid, albumin and calcium, and raised serum alkaline phosphatase may be of help in raising the index of diagnostic suspicion, but in over half of our patients with clinically and histologically active disease these values were within normal limits. In patients adhering to a gluten free diet remission of symptoms correlated well with histological response; the continuation of symptoms indicated a higher incidence of histological abnormality. No patient not complying to the diet had normal histology on repeat biopsy. Five patients died over the ten year period, one from a small bowel lymphoma.
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PMID:Coeliac disease: clinical presentations, correlations of dietary compliance, symptomatic response and repeat biopsy findings. 148 2

Gastrointestinal symptoms occur in a large number of patients with food allergies. Immediate hypersensitivity mechanisms may give rise to the nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea experienced by these patients. However, there are limited human data about the pathophysiological basis for these symptoms. Most of the available information comes from a variety of animal models. This article reviews the literature using models of intestinal food hypersensitivity, as well as human studies, that have contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity: basic mechanisms of pathophysiology. 149 10

The aim of the present study was to elucidate the gastrointestinal manifestations of yersiniosis. During the period 1974 to 1983, Yersinia enterocolitica infection was diagnosed in 458 patients, by isolation from fecal samples or by antibody response. At first admission, 184 patients had abdominal pain; 200, diarrhea; 45, vomiting; and 36, weight loss. Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed in 7 patients, Crohn's disease in 2, and unspecific colitis in 11. Mesenteric lymphadenitis or ileitis were found in 43 of 56 patients at laparotomy. The patients were followed for 4 to 14 years (1987). Thirty-eight patients were readmitted with abdominal pain and 28 with diarrhea; these symptoms were significantly correlated with the corresponding symptoms at first admission. Chronic colitis was diagnosed in 4 patients, chronic weight loss in 12. A follow-up inquiry (380 patients) indicated that patients with right iliac fossa pain during the acute infection less frequently developed chronic abdominal complaints. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in both the acute and chronic states of yersiniosis. The correlations between acute and chronic symptoms indicate that yersiniosis is a chronic disease. Immunologically competent individuals may profit by fighting the infection in the right iliac fossa. The relationship between yersiniosis and inflammatory bowel diseases may still not be settled.
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PMID:Acute and chronic gastrointestinal manifestations associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection. A Norwegian 10-year follow-up study on 458 hospitalized patients. 154 97

United States estimates of the frequency of visits to physicians and patterns of medical care for the diagnosis of the irritable bowel syndrome were derived from the 1975, 1980-1981, and 1985 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys. These surveys of office-based physicians allow national estimates of various aspects of ambulatory care. The overall rate of visits with the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in 1980-1981 and 1985 were 10.6 per thousand U.S. population. Women had 2.4 times the rate of visits by men and rates rose in both sexes until middle-age. Irritable bowel syndrome was the leading digestive disease diagnosis among gastroenterologists but only the seventh leading diagnosis among all physicians. Gastrointestinal symptoms, association with mental disorders, prescriptions, and disposition were also examined in patients with visits for irritable bowel syndrome. Among records with digestive tract symptoms and a first listed diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome, stomach or abdominal pain was listed on only about one half of records and disorders of bowel function were listed on fewer than 40%. In 1975 and 1985, irritable bowel syndrome was noted approximately twice as often as other digestive diseases at visits with mental disorder symptoms and diagnosis, although mental disorder symptoms and diagnoses were noted at fewer than 15% of visits with irritable bowel syndrome. Medications were prescribed at approximately 75% of visits for irritable bowel syndrome; the most common were gastrointestinal medications followed by combination gastrointestinal-psychoactive medications. Subsequent appointments were scheduled following at least 50% of the visits of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome in office-based practice in the United States. 200 37

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, we investigated the effects of the prokinetic drug cisapride in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic recurrent distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS). After a baseline period, 17 patients (12.9 to 34.9 years; 12 boys) received, in random order, cisapride (7.5 to 10 mg) and placebo three times daily by mouth, each for 6 months. Gastrointestinal symptoms (flatulence, abdominal pain, fullness, abdominal distension, nausea, anorexia, heartburn, diarrhea, vomiting and regurgitation) were scored three times monthly and physical examinations assessed. At baseline and at each 6-month period, assessment included food intake for 7 days, 3-day stool collection, pulmonary function tests, and abdominal radiographs. During cisapride therapy compared with placebo, there were significant reductions in flatulence (p less than 0.005), fullness, and nausea (p less than 0.05). Patients with the worst symptom scores benefited most from cisapride. With cisapride, 12 patients felt better and three worse (p less than 0.05); physicians judged 11 patients improved and two worse (p less than 0.05). No side effects were noted. There were no significant differences between cisapride and placebo periods in nutritional status, x-ray scores, pulmonary function, food intake (fat, protein, calories), stool size and consistency, and fecal losses of fat, bile acids, chymotrypsin, and calories. For acute episodes of DIOS, intestinal lavage was needed 6 times in 4 patients during treatment with cisapride, and 11 times in 6 patients receiving placebo. In comparison with unselected patients with cystic fibrosis and pancreatic insufficiency who were receiving enzyme supplements and who had no distal intestinal obstruction, fecal fat losses (percentage of intake) were almost twice as high in the study group with DIOS (31.2 +/- 20.6% vs 16.2 +/- 17.6%; p less than 0.01). We conclude that in the dosage used, long-term treatment with cisapride appears to improve chronic abdominal symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis and DIOS, but fails to abolish the need for intestinal lavage. Cisapride treatment had no effect on digestion and nutritional status of cystic fibrosis patients with pancreatic insufficiency.
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PMID:Effects of cisapride in patients with cystic fibrosis and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome. 223 Dec 17

A total of 619 patients with acute upper or lower respiratory tract infection were randomised to receive either erythromycin ethylsuccinate tablets at a dose of 1 g twice daily, or ciprofloxacin tablets 500 mg twice daily in a single-blind, multicentre study. The efficacy of each antibacterial was similar, with close to 90% of patients on each treatment being reported as either cured or improved. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most commonly reported side-effects, being similar in overall incidence for both agents. Nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headache occurred more frequently in the ciprofloxacin group, while abdominal pain and diarrhoea occurred more frequently in the erythromycin ethylsuccinate group. In each group, the number of patients failing to complete treatment was similar and the main reasons cited for discontinuation were gastrointestinal symptoms. This study indicates that both erythromycin ethylsuccinate and ciprofloxacin are well tolerated and are equally effective for routine empirical treatment of acute respiratory tract infections.
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PMID:Comparison of oral erythromycin ethylsuccinate and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections. 226 18

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a recognized complication of immunosuppression or chemotherapy for leukemia. It presents as severe abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, and diarrhea associated with granulocytopenia. Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with chemotherapy for head and neck neoplasms include nausea and emesis, but not acute abdominal distress. We present, to our knowledge, the first case of neutropenic enterocolitis in a patient receiving cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy for metastatic head and neck cancer.
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PMID:Neutropenic enterocolitis. A new complication of head and neck cancer chemotherapy. 229 18


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