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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the period 1985-1989 I observed 35 patients of both sexes and of all ages, who were suffering from signs and symptoms of clear blastocystosis, such as prevailingly watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, tenesmus, eosinophilia and fever. 5 of them showed concomitant diseases, like Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS Related Complex (ARC), diabetes mellitus and nephrocarcinoma. By means of the administration of metronidazole 2 g/die for 5 days on average, I obtained the disappearance of Blastocystis hominis from the stools and the absence of the clinical symptomatology in 11 patients, while in another 7 the treatment did not prevent, in the following months, the arising of one or more clinical and microbiologic relapses.
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PMID:The therapy of blastocystosis. 1204 78

We present a case of mixed infection by Trichuris trichiura and Trichuris vulpis in a boy of 8 years old, coming from the state of Oaxaca in M xico. He presented abdominal pain, diarrhea with mucus and blood in addition to straining and tenesmus. We carried out differential identification between the two species of this gender, several treatments were administered and the symptoms disappear. But, the parasitic infection persisted until the last clinical control of the patient. We report the presence of important deformation of Trichuris eggs with the administration of mebendazole and albendazole being more effective the second product. We discuss about the importance of this clinical case and the epidemiological aspects in the transmission of man and dog nematodes.
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PMID:[MIXED INFECTION BY TRICHURIS TRICHIURA AND TRICHURIS VULPIS] 1217 21

We present a retrospective study on 74 patients with inespecific chronic ulcerative colitis according to diagnostic criteria. The higher incidence was present in patients between 30 and 40 years old. The most frequent symptom was diarrhea (95%), abdominal pain (79%), rectal bleeding (87%), rectal tenesmus (50%), weight loss (36%), and fever (18%). In relation to the degree of severity, we found that 33,7% suffered mild symptoms, 46,6% had moderate symptoms, while 17,7% suffered severe symptoms. The endoscopic findings were: 93,2% friability, 90,5% hyperemia, and 84,4% granulatio. Mortality was of 6,7%. We concluded that this disease is rare in Peru. The related mortailty is low, symptoms are mostly moderate, and no association with cancer of colon was evidenced.
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PMID:[ULCERATIVE COLITIS: A 52 YEARS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY] 1219 13

4 cases of extrauterine pregnancy with IUDs were studied both clinically and pathologically at the Faculty of Medicine of Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt. In 3 cases the gestation sac was tubal, with 2 in the ampullary portion and 1 in the isthmic portion. The 4th case was a left tubo-ovarian mass, showing an embryo within an ovarian gestation sac. Microscopic examination of the tube revealed chorionic villi intermingled with areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The diagnosis of the ovarian pregnancy was based on the demonstration of chorionic villi in relation to the ovarian medullary portion, showing a loose connective tissue structure and prominent congested blood vessels. Case 1, a 27-year old, para 2+0, presented with pain, amenorrhea, bleeding, and fever. The clinical diagnosis was septic abortion with IUD in situ. The loop was removed and curettage was scanty. Antibiotics were administered. The fever subsided but the abdominal pain persisted and mass in the right adnexa could be felt. Laparoscopy was performed, confirming the diagnosis of right tubal pregnancy. Laparotomy and right salpingectomy were performed. The 2nd case, para 1+0, had an IUD for 1 year and was admitted as an emergency. The diagnosis was acute abdomen, mostly disturbed ectopic pregnancy. Laparotomy was performed, and ectopic pregnancy in the region of the isthmus of the right tube was diagnosed. Right salpingectomy was performed. Both cases 3 and 4 had IUDs for a period of between 1-2 years and had amenorrhea, bleeding, and tenesmus. They were treated as colitis. The amenorrhea ranged between 2-3 months. Examination revealed a mass on the left side. Laparotomy was performed. In case 3 it was ampullary pregnancy on the left side. In case 4 there was a tubo-ovarian mass with an amniotic sac protruding from this mass. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. All patients had uneventful recoveries. Figures illustrate these tubal and ovarian pregnancies.
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PMID:Ectopic pregnancy in patients using intrauterine contraception. 1227 56

Bacterial diarrhea can be classified into two clinical entities, noninflammatory diarrhea and inflammatory diarrhea syndromes. The latter type of diarrhea is characterized by bloody and puruloid mucus stool, and is often accompanied by fever, tenesmus, and severe abdominal pain. Pathogenic bacteria causing the inflammatory diarrhea syndrome include Salmonella, Vibrio, Shigella, enteroinvasive and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Chlamydia, and Clostridium difficile. The pathologic changes in the inflammatory diarrhea syndrome range from a superficial exudative enterocolitis to a transmural enterocolitis with overt ulceration. This syndrome is also designated as bacterial hemorrhagic enterocolitis because of its usual manifestation by bloody diarrhea. The diagnostic approach needs information on the patient's age, travel history, epidemiological associations, sexual practice, and medical history, including usage of antibiotics. Bacterial information can be obtained by microscopic study, culture, and the identification of specific bacterial toxins. Flexible colonoscopy with biopsy is useful for the differentiation of bacterial hemorrhagic enterocolitis from idiopathic ulcerative colitis and ischemic colitis. Physicians should be familiar with the diagnostic modalities used to detect the specific pathogens causing hemorrhagic bacterial enterocolitis; namely, bacterial culture, serology, histology, and nucleic acid technologies.
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PMID:Bacterial hemorrhagic enterocolitis. 1264 May 23

Stage at diagnosis and survival from cancer vary according to where people live, suggesting some may have delays in diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine if time from presentation to treatment was longer for colorectal and breast cancer patients living further from cancer centres, and identify other important factors in delay. Data were collected on 1097 patients with breast and 1223 with colorectal cancer in north and northeast Scotland. Women with breast cancer who lived further from cancer centres were treated more quickly than those living closer to cancer centres (P=0.011). Multilevel modelling found that this was largely due to them receiving earlier treatment at hospitals other than cancer centres. Breast lump, change in skin contour, lymphadenopathy, more symptoms and signs, and increasing age predicted faster treatment. Screen detected cancers and private referrals were treated more quickly. For colorectal cancer, time to treatment was similar for people in rural and urban areas. Quicker treatment was associated with palpable rectal or abdominal masses, tenesmus, abdominal pain, frequent GP consultations, age between 50 and 74 years, tumours of the transverse colon, and iron medication at presentation. Delay was associated with past anxiety or depression. There was variation between general practices and treatment appeared quicker at practices with more female general practitioners.
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PMID:Factors influencing time from presentation to treatment of colorectal and breast cancer in urban and rural areas. 1538 31

To evaluate the efficacy of a polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (PEG-4000) in pregnant women affected by constipation, 40 consecutive pregnant women from 6 to 38 weeks' gestation were enrolled in this preliminary study. Constipation was defined as spontaneous evacuation less than four times a week or the presence of symptoms such as defecation pain, rectal urgency, tenesmus, anal injury, or abdominal pain. A PEG-4000 solution (Isocolan, also marketed in the United States as Golitely/Nulitely) was administered for 15 days at a dose of 250 mL by mouth once or twice a day. The number of bowel movements per week, the presence or absence of liquid stools, tenesmus, urgency, defecation pain, anal lesions, and abdominal pain were evaluated before and after 15 days of treatment. Treatment with PEG-4000 significantly increased the evacuation episodes per week (from 1.66 +/- 0.48 to 3.16 +/- 1.05; P <.01), and constipation was resolved in 27 of 37 women (73%). Defecation pain, anal injury, and abdominal pain significantly improved after PEG-4000 administration. Improvement occurred in both patients with new-onset constipation during pregnancy as well as patients with a history of constipation before pregnancy. These preliminary findings indicate that PEG-4000 may be an effective choice for the treatment of constipation during pregnancy.
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PMID:Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (Isocolan) for constipation during pregnancy: an observational open-label study. 1523 17

Colon and rectum hemangioma is a rare disease, and even more so when it presents as cavernous subtype; few of these hemangioma have been confirmed by pathology reports. The main presentation of this disease is observed by transrectal painless bleeding; other manifestations are less frequent. Diagnosis implies high index of suspicion and proper diagnostic workup; this entity has been frequently misdiagnosed as other more common entities. We present the case of a 15-year-old female patient with a cavernous hemangioma of the sigmoid colon; her principal complaint was abdominal pain. Diagnosis was suspected due to the finding of phleboliths in plain abdominal film and diagnostic findings in colonoscopy. The patient was treated by means of segmental resection of the colon and experienced a satisfactory postoperatory recovery. According to the literature, these hemangiomas originate from embryologic sequestrations of mesodermal tissue, while clinically they usually present between the ages of 5 and 25 years, most commonly with painless transrectal bleeding and less frequently with intestinal obstruction, tenesmus, urgency, abdominal pain or mass, and anemia. The majority of these hemangiomas are localized in rectosigmoid region of the colon and may infiltrate surrounding tissues; 26-50% show phleboliths in plain abdominal film. Colonoscopy is considered by many authors the best diagnostic tool; angiography, computed tomography (CT) scan and scintigraphy may be also useful. The only effective treatment of this disease is complete surgical resection, for which there have been many proposals regarding best method and approach.
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PMID:[Cavernous hemangioma of the colon. Case report and review of the literature]. 1575 58

We aimed to improve symptoms by means of mesalazine in symptomatic colonic diverticular disease patients. One hundred seventy outpatients (98 M, 72 F; age, 67.1 years; range, 39-84 years) were assigned to four different schedules: rifaximin, 200 mg bid (Group R1: 39 pts), rifaximin, 400 mg bid (Group R2: 43 pts), mesalazine, 400 mg bid (Group M1: 40 pts), and mesalazine, 800 mg bid (Group M2: 48 pts), for 10 days per month. At baseline and after 3 months we recorded 11 clinical variables (upper/lower abdominal pain/discomfort, bloating, tenesmus, diarrhea, abdominal tenderness, fever, general illness, nausea, emesis, dysuria), scored from 0 = no symptoms to 3 = severe. The global symptomatic score was the sum of all symptom scores. After 3 months in all schedules but Group R1, 3 of the 11 symptoms improved (P < 0.03); the global score decreased in all groups but Group R1 (P < 0.0001). Mesalazine-treated patients had the lowest global score at 3 months (P < 0.001). Mesalazine is as effective as rifaximin (higher dosage schedule) for diminishing some symptoms, but it appears to be better than rifaximin for improving the global score in those patients.
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PMID:Efficacy of mesalazine in the treatment of symptomatic diverticular disease. 1581 Jun 46

After radiotherapy for pelvic cancer, chronic gastrointestinal problems may affect quality of life (QOL) in 6-78% of patients. This variation may be due to true differences in outcome in different diseases, and may also represent the inadequacy of the scales used to measure radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal side effects. The aim of this study was to assess whether outcome measures used for nonmalignant gastrointestinal disease are useful to detect gastrointestinal morbidity after radiotherapy. Results obtained from a Vaizey Incontinence questionnaire and a modified Inflammatory Bowel Disease questionnaire (IBDQ)--both patient completed--were compared to those from a staff administered Late Effects on Normal Tissue (LENT)--Subjective, Objective, Management and Analytic (SOMA) questionnaire in patients who had completed radiotherapy for a pelvic tumour at least 3 months previously. In all, 142 consecutive patients were recruited, 72 male and 70 female, median age 66 years (range 26-90 years), a median of 27 (range 3-258) months after radiotherapy. In total, 62 had been treated for a gynaecological, 58, a urological and 22, a gastrointestinal tract tumour. Of these, 21 had undergone previous gastrointestinal surgery and seven suffered chronic gastrointestinal disorders preceding their diagnosis of cancer. The Vaizey questionnaire suggested that 27% patients were incontinent for solid stools, 35% for liquid stools and 37% could not defer defaecation for 15 min. The IBDQ suggested that 89% had developed a chronic change in bowel habit and this change significantly affected 49% patients: 44% had more frequent or looser bowel movements, 30% were troubled by abdominal pain, 30% were troubled by bloating, 28% complained of tenesmus, 27% were troubled by their accidental soiling and 20% had rectal bleeding. At least 34% suffered emotional distress and 22% impairment of social function because of their bowels. The small intestine/colon SOMA median score was 0.1538 (range 0-1) and the rectal SOMA median score was 0.1428 (range 0-1). Pearson's correlations for the IBDQ score and small intestine/colon SOMA score was -0.630 (P<0.001), IBDQ and rectum SOMA -0.616 (P<0.001), IBDQ and Vaizey scores -0.599 (P<0.001), Vaizey and small intestine/colon SOMA 0.452 (P<0.001) and Vaizey and rectum SOMA 0.760 (P<0.001). After radiotherapy for a tumour in the pelvis, half of all patients develop gastrointestinal morbidity, which affects their QOL. A modified IBDQ and Vaizey questionnaire are reliable in assessing new gastrointestinal symptoms as well as overall QOL and are much easier to use than LENT SOMA.
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PMID:A modified Inflammatory Bowel Disease questionnaire and the Vaizey Incontinence questionnaire are simple ways to identify patients with significant gastrointestinal symptoms after pelvic radiotherapy. 1585 43


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