Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study of 201 patients, 152 with simple and 49 with complicated, appendicitis is presented. Diagnosis of simple acute appendicitis was made on symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, together with rebound abdominal tenderness and not on white blood cell count. Normal white blood cell count was found in 80.3% cases of simple acute appendicitis while elevated white cell count was associated with 85.7% of complicated appendicitis. There was no mortality in 152 patients who had appendectomies for uncomplicated acute appendicitis, but the mortality rate in the 49 patients with complications was 12.2%. This was responsible for the overall mortality rate of 3% for all appendectomies in this report. Complicated appendicitis in this review was largely due to pre-admission delays and the ingestion of strong cathartics, both of which could not be influenced by surgeons.
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PMID:Acute appendicitis: a clinical pattern in Port Harcourt Nigeria. 279 30

Of 501 patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases (c-MPD) 18 developed thrombosis of major abdominal vessels including 6 with hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome). The complication was seen in 14 of 140 (10%) patients with polycythemia vera (PV), 3 of 23 (13%) patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 1 of 106 (1%) patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF), and none of 232 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Leading symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, progressive splenomegaly, widening abdominal girth, ascites, venous collaterals, and nausea and vomiting. The diagnostic modalities with highest specificity were angiography and explorative laparotomy. A causal relationship between the thrombotic event and hematocrit, thrombocyte count, or hemostatic abnormalities at the time of diagnosis could not be established. Detailed laboratory tests of platelet function and coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters of 5 surviving patients did not show any specific defect. Despite medical and surgical intervention, 39% of the patients died within 2 months after diagnosis of the thrombosis. The majority of the survivors developed further complications like liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and esophageal varices or the short bowel syndrome after extensive bowel resection for mesenterial infarction.
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PMID:Budd-Chiari syndrome and thrombosis of other abdominal vessels in the chronic myeloproliferative diseases. 279 52

A family with at least six members affected by hollow organ visceral myopathy is described. Patients in the first or second decades of life developed symptoms which included weight loss, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, constipation and diarrhoea, and urinary symptoms. The radiological features of the disease consisted of oesophageal aperistalsis, megaduodenum, and variable dilatation of the small and large bowel. Four patients had urinary tract involvement with dilatation of the ureters and/or incomplete bladder emptying. Two patients were severely affected and needed home parenteral nutrition and surgical treatment; others were symptomatic but remained well. The characteristic pathological abnormality was vacuolar degeneration predominantly affecting the longitudinal muscle. The disease in this family appears to be transmitted by autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.
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PMID:Familial visceral myopathy: a family with at least six involved members. 280 97

Intra-arterial hepatic infusion chemotherapy combined with degradable starch microspheres (DSM) and mitomycin C (MMC) was performed for 9 patients with inoperable hepatic metastases from alimentary tract primary cancer. DSM, 45 +/- 5 micron in average diameter, produces temporary obstruction of arterial blood flow in the arterio-capillary bed and are subsequently degraded by serum amylase with T 1/2 of about 30 min. This intra-arterial treatment was repeated 2.3 times on the average. The average dose of DSM in a single infusion was 721 +/- 194 mg and the average total dose of MMC was 34.4 +/- 22.3 mg. Antitumor effects were evaluated in terms of tumor regression measured by CT scan and sonography. An objective tumor response was shown in 4/9 patients (44.4%): PR, 2/9; MR, 2/9. Elevated serum CEA levels of more than 3.0ng/ml were decreased in 7/8 patients (87.5%). Marked declines in the CEA level of more than 50% were observed in 4/8 patients (50%). Nausea and vomiting as well as abdominal pain were experienced in 8/21 treatments (38.1%) and 5/21 (23.8%), respectively. Furthermore, fever (2/21 : 9.5%), hepatic dysfunction (2/21 : 9.5%), and leukopenia (1/21 : 4.8%) were observed. All these side effects, however, were mild and transient. Thus, these results suggest that combined intra-arterial administration of DSM and MMC favorably enhances the antitumor efficacy of MMC.
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PMID:[Combination intra-arterial chemotherapy with degradable starch microspheres and mitomycin C against inoperable hepatic metastases]. 283 18

A phase I study was carried out on a new water-soluble nitrosourea, 6-deoxy-3,5 di-O-methyl 6-(3 methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-alpha-D-glucofuranoside (EDMN, CGP 6809), given every 2 weeks. A total of 18 patients received doses of 1, 2, 3, and 3.75 g/m2 as a 2- to 5-h infusion. Toxicity principally involved nausea and vomiting, hepatotoxicity, and abdominal pain. There was no evidence of cumulative toxicity. The dose of 3.75 g/m2 was not exceeded because in a previous phase I study, 4.5 g/m2 every 6 weeks was not tolerated; the recommended dose for phase II studies is 3.75 g/m2 every 2 weeks.
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PMID:Phase I trial of a new nitrosourea, CGP 6809, given every 2 weeks. 292 83

5'-DFUR was administered orally to recurrent breast cancer patients at a daily dosage of 1,200 mg given 3 times a day for more than 8 weeks. Out of 16 evaluable cases, 1 CR, 5 PR, 5 NC and 5 PD were observed, and the overall response rate was 37.5%. There was no significant difference in the response rate between the patient with or without prior fluorinated pyrimidine therapy, or between sites of the lesion. Toxic effects consisted of gastrointestinal toxicity such as diarrhea (25%), anorexia (12.5%), abdominal pain (12.5%) and nausea and vomiting (6.3%). No other severe side effect was observed. These results suggest that 5'-DFUR can be useful for the treatment of breast cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical trial of 5'-DFUR in patients with recurrent breast cancer]. 297 58

The clinical and radiological findings in 19 patients with primary duodenal malignancy are described. Weight loss, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting were the main symptoms. Diagnosis was made by endoscopy or ERCP (71%) or by barium studies (68%). In retrospect the tumour was visible in 97% of the studies. Tumour growth was longitudinal, circular or spiral, the inner curvature being involved over a greater length than the outer curvature. Exophytic tumour growth, involvement of the papilla of Vater, malignant spikes, transient, non-constant tumour image, skip lesions and ulceration were often seen. Mean survival time was 18 months from start of symptoms in 10 inoperable patients, and 24 months in 9 patients undergoing resection.
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PMID:Primary malignant tumours of the duodenum. 298 13

Non-specific abdominal complaints are a very frequent cause of discomfort. Even if only comparatively few are brought to the attention of the physician, they account for a considerable portion of the reasons for seeking medical care, both in acute and chronic conditions. On the other hand, few drugs are free of the suspicion of causing abdominal complaints, which make up between one-tenth and one-third of reported adverse reactions. A wide variety of possible alternative or concomitant causes makes a clear causative attribution to suspected drugs very difficult. This holds especially true for the ill-defined conditions of indigestion and anorexia. For nausea and vomiting, specific scales have been developed which facilitate differentiation between drugs causing these effects most frequently and most intensively. They have been applied in cytostatic therapy, where this is one of the most frequently encountered problems, but nausea and vomiting can seriously affect compliance in many other treatments. Somatic abdominal pain results in most instances from the irritation of the parietal peritoneum and is usually the effect of a lesion. This may or may not be caused by a drug, but this cause should be the first consideration. Visceral pain may result from functional disturbance of secretory glands or of the muscular coat, from drug action on bowel content or from irritation of the mucosa, all of which are frequently interrelated. Most frequently suspected pharmacological causes are drugs with anticholinergic action, antibiotics, potassium supplements and non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agents. Drug-induced hyperinsulinism and porphyria are rare cases. Abuse of laxatives should always be considered because of its prevalence. A great number of other untoward drug effects have been described in the literature, but rarely merit first consideration. With the exception of promptly occurring or persistent emesis, gastrointestinal symptoms usually are not pathognomonic for drug effects and are the result of several factors. The usual approach to identifying an adverse drug effect is to delineate the functional or structural disorder, and to associate this diagnosis with possible pharmacodynamic aetiologies.
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PMID:Abdominal pain, indigestion, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. 304 63

Bone marrow transplantation has become an accepted treatment for malignancy (particularly leukemia and lymphoma), aplastic anemia, and certain inborn errors of metabolism. Patients require intensive care because of chemoradiation therapy toxicity, a prolonged period of immunosuppression and thrombocytopenia, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the need for parenteral nutrition. Gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases are frequent post-transplant problems. They present with intractable nausea and vomiting, intestinal bleeding, diarrhea, esophageal complaints, abdominal pain, and hepatobiliary symptoms. Our clinical approach to complex transplant patients depends on the timing of signs and symptoms after marrow grafting and on the likelihood that specific disease processes are present. Each of these major problems is covered in this review.
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PMID:A problem-oriented approach to intestinal and liver disease after marrow transplantation. 304 22

A retrospective study was carried out in nine children between the ages of 10 and 20 years with adenocarcinoma of the colon. No family history, significant medical history, or predisposing factors were identified, except for Turcot's syndrome in one child. Common presenting signs and symptoms were vague abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, weight loss, change in bowel habits, and guaiac-positive stools. Five of the patients' diagnoses were delayed for an average of 11.6 months, the majority of whom had Dukes' D disease. Their median survival was 4 months compared with 24 months in the four patients diagnosed early. As with adults, the mainstay of therapy is operation. Our data indicate that an increased awareness and consideration of colon cancer in children will result in earlier diagnosis, a more favorable disease stage, and prolonged survival.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the colon in adolescents. 320 57


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