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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical, biochemical, haematological and erythrokinetic studies were performed on 63 adult males with prolonged lead exposure. Their most common symptoms and findings were abdominal pain (62%), gingival lead lines (48%), headache and/or dizziness (33%), muscle cramps (32%), anaemia (19%), and fatigue (18%). Colicky abdominal pain (27%) and gingival lead lines correlated with urinary lead excretion. Anaemia was mild, but more frequent in the subjects with the greatest urinary lead excretion. Other associated findings were: higher reticulocyte counts and more basophilic stippling of the RBCs, more sideroblasts and greater erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow, more reduction in 51Cr-tagged RBC survival time, smaller RBC mass, a more rapid plasma iron clearance, a greater plasma iron turnover and greater utilization of 59Fe in subjects with urinary lead excretion of greater than 100 microng/day in comparison with the remainder and normal controls. These findings suggest that minimal chronic exposure to lead causes an increased haemolysis with resulting increased production of erythrocytes.
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PMID:Chronic industrial exposure to lead in 63 subjects. I. Clinical and erythrokinetic findings. 103 Aug 53

Loop diuretics have become indispensable in the management of patients with cardiac decompensation and severe edema. To evaluate the relative potency of these agents, bumetanide and furosemide were compared in 20 patients with edema associated with congestive heart failure in a double-blind, parallel study design. The dosage of the drugs administered daily for three days was 1 to 2 mg bumetanide or 80 mg furosemide. Both agents were highly effective in reducing the edema and relieving the symptoms of heart failure. Muscle cramps and abdominal pain as side effects were deemed not severe. Laboratory values indicative of mild hypochloremic alkalosis and hyponatremia were observed in two patients. Hypokalemia and reversible eighth-nerve involvement were not apparent in this study.
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PMID:Clinical use of diuretics in congestive heart failure. 733 77

Eleven patients were referred to the infectious diseases wards of the Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney, between August and December, 1979, with acute infectious diarrhoea acquired within Australia. Nine of the 11 had infection with Campylobacter species as the sole pathogens. In contrast, a variety of pathogens was isolated from the stools of 13 patients referred to the hospital with enteritis acquired during overseas travel, including three Shigella species, but only one Campylobacter species. The patients with campylobacter enteritis suffered fever, abdominal discomfort and diarrhoea, often with some blood. Complications of campylobacter enteritis included colitis, severe abdominal pain, renal failure, severe muscle cramps, headache with meningism, myalgias and arthralgias. Campylobacter enteritis resolved with cessation of solid food intake, together with intravenous or oral fluid therapy. Some patients were treated with erythromycin, with prompt improvement, though a role for antibiotic therapy has not yet been established.
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PMID:Campylobacter: common cause of enteritis in an infectious diseases hospital. 743 13

Surveillance was conducted during February and March 1991 in the pediatric emergency department of Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Lima, Peru, to contrast the characteristics of children with epidemic cholera with those of children with noncholera-associated diarrhea. Among 626 patients 14 years of age or younger, Vibrio cholerae O1 was isolated from stool specimens of 310 patients (49%), more commonly from children older than 24 months of age (66%; p < 0.0001) than from younger children. Cholera was clinically characterized by a more sudden onset; watery diarrhea; and associated abdominal pain, muscle cramps, and vomiting, which led to more severe dehydration and hospitalization more often than in noncholera cases. Only one patient with cholera died, for a case-fatality rate of 3.2 deaths per 1000 persons. Nonpotable water and uncooked foods were identified as probable vehicles for V. cholerae. The frequency of diarrhea among relatives of patients with cholera suggested intrafamily transmission. This study of epidemic cholera describes the clinical features and the risk factors for acquisition of the infection, and points out the low case-fatality rate with prompt and appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics and risk factors for Vibrio cholerae infection in children. 777 88

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become an important outcome measure in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). In this article, an overview is given of the most common measurement instruments of HRQoL, determinants of HRQoL in patients with CLD, and current developments in the implementation of routine measurement of HRQoL in daily clinical practice. Well-developed generic instruments of HRQoL are the Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). Well-developed liver disease-specific HRQoL instruments are the Hepatitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (HQLQ), the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ), the Liver Disease Quality Of Life Questionnaire (LDQOL ), and the Liver Disease Symptom Index 2.0 (LDSI 2.0). Commonly used HRQoL measures in cost-effectiveness studies are the Health Utilities Index (HUI), Short Form-6D (SF-6D) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D). HRQoL of patients with chronic liver disease has been shown to be impaired, with patients with hepatitis C showing the worst HRQoL. Disease severity, pruritus, joint pain, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, fatigue, depression and anxiety have been associated with HRQoL in patients with CLD. Recently, studies assessing the feasibility and effectiveness of measuring HRQoL in daily clinical practice have been performed, generally showing positive results regarding the discussion of HRQoL-related topics, but mixed results regarding the added value of actual improvement in HRQoL. Furthermore, logistic and attitudinal barriers seem to impede successful implementation. Nevertheless, given the importance of HRQoL in liver patients, we should persist in measuring and subsequently improving HRQoL in clinical practice.
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PMID:Overview of research on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic liver disease. 1765 9

Skeletal muscle cramp has been proposed as the aetiology of exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP). The aim of this study was to determine whether or not localised electromyographic (EMG) activity indicative of skeletal muscle cramp is elevated during ETAP. Surface EMG activity was quantified at the site of ETAP in 14 symptomatic individuals (ETAP group) while the pain was present and after the pain subsided. Additionally, measurements were taken in another 14 subjects (Comparison group) who performed the same experimental procedure but did not experience ETAP. In the ETAP group, localised EMG activity did not increase when the pain was present or decrease when the pain subsided. The level of EMG activity detected while the pain was present was indistinguishable from noise (0.20+/-0.18microV). No difference was observed between the ETAP and Comparison groups in the level of localised EMG activity (p=0.89) at any time. After the pain subsided in the ETAP group, EMG activity was recorded at the site of the pain while the subjects performed a diaphragm-dependent sniff manoeuvre (8.3+/-0.7microV) and a maximum voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles (17.5+/-0.7microV). It was concluded that ETAP is not associated with elevated EMG activity, suggesting that the pain is not the result of muscle cramping.
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PMID:EMG activity is not elevated during exercise-related transient abdominal pain. 1770 96

During hemodialysis, the development of hypotension or symptoms suggestive of ischemia is used as a surrogate marker for the establishment of dry weight. These symptoms manifest commonly as muscle cramps, chest pain or abdominal pain. Hemodialysis patients are also prone to vascular calcification which may be medial or intimal. We report the case of a 68-year-old male who developed testicular pain while attempting to establish dry weight. Computerized tomography scan of his abdomen showed extensive vascular calcification. The end result in this case was bilateral orchiectomy. Histopathology revealed hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis with intimal calcification contributing to ischemia.
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PMID:Testicular angina during hemodialysis: an unusual complication of ultrafiltration. 2288 75

During the summer period 2011-2012, seven widow spider bites in Greece were reported to the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Widow spiders (in the genus Latrodectus) are found all over the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the US. Alpha-latrotoxin (main mammalian toxin) causes the toxic effects observed in humans. Victims should receive timely medical care to avoid suffering. Latrodectus bites are very rarely fatal. All the patients reported having an insect bite 30 minutes to 2 hours before they arrived at the Emergency Department of the local hospital. Severe muscle cramps, weakness, tremor, abdominal pain, and increased levels of creatinine phosphokinase were present in all patients. The Emergency Operation Center of the Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention was informed immediately in all cases. Antivenin was administered to four patients upon the request of their physicians. All patients recovered fully. It is essential that health care workers recognize early the symptoms and signs of Latrodectus bites to provide the necessary care. The management of mild to moderate Latrodectus envenomations is primarily supportive. Hospitalization and possibly antivenin should be reserved for patients exhibiting serious systemic symptoms or inadequate pain control. The most important thing for all of these patients is early pain relief.
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PMID:Latrodectus envenomation in Greece. 2566 33

Imatinib (Gleevec) is a biological agent that is approved for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) as well as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). The most frequently seen adverse effects in patients treated with imatinib include superficial edema, muscle cramps, musculoskeletal pain, rash, fatigue, headache, abdominal pain, and joint pain. Ototoxicity has rarely been reported except in two cases. We report a case of bilateral irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by imatinib in a patient receiving this agent in the adjuvant setting. This case underlines the importance of early recognition of this potential toxicity that can impact the quality of life.
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PMID:Imatinib-induced Ototoxicity in a Patient with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST). 2790 36

Gitelman syndrome is a rare renal tubule disease characterized by hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesaemia, hypocalciuria and normal blood pressure. It shows autosomal recessive inheritance and is usually not diagnosed until late childhood or adulthood. We report the case of 34-year-old woman who at 21 weeks of pregnancy was admitted to the gynaecology department for abdominal pain, muscle cramps and weakness. Routine blood tests showed hypokalaemia (2.32 mEq/l), hypomagnesaemia (1.18 mEq/l), compensated metabolic alkalosis (pH 7.439, bicarbonate 26.1 mmol/l), increased urinary magnesium excretion (140.25 mg/day, normal range 73-122 mg/day) and reduced urinary calcium excretion (49.25 mg/day, normal range 100-250 mg/day). In light of these findings, the patient was diagnosed with Gitelman syndrome and optimum potassium and magnesium levels were maintained with oral supplements.
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PMID:Gitelman Syndrome Diagnosed in a Woman in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy. 3113 89


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