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 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to study the value of the tetrazolium nitroblue test (TNB) in the localisation of urinary tract infections, the authors performed this test in 33 patients with a urinary tract infection and in 20 control children suffering from no bacterial infection. The 33 infected children were divided into three groups on the basis of clinical and bacteriological criteria (dysuria, frequency, fever, abdominal pain, inflammatory syndrome, immunofluorescence of bacteriuria, serum antibody levels): -- group A (8 children): upper urinary infection -- group B (14 children): lower urinary infection -- group C (11 children): urinary infection of undetermined site. The number and percentage of TNB positive polynuclears was significantly higher in the children of group A than in the children of group B (p 0.001). By contrast there was no significant difference between the results obtained: in the non-infected control group and in group B -- in group A and group C. These results, confirming a previous study by Bjorksten and de Chateau, show the value of the TNB test in the localisation of urinary tract infection in the child.
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PMID:[The localisation of urinary tract infections using the tetrazolium nitroblue test (author's transl)]. 38 59

The potential sequelae of Chlamydia trachomatis--nonspecific urethritis and post gonococcal urethritis in men and nonspecific genital infection in women--suggest a need for a chlamydial diagnostic service in clinics that treat sexually transmitted diseases. In this prospective study, over 2000 endocervical samples were obtained over an 18-month period from women presenting to a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. The isolation rate for chlamydia averaged 23.6%/month. There was no significant difference in presenting symptoms such as vaginal discharge, dysuria, pruritus, and abdominal pain between patients with chlamydial infection alone, those with gonorrhea alone, and women with no sexually transmitted disease. 178 (31%) of patients with chlamydia were sexual contacts of patients with nonspecific urethritis and 122 (22%) were contacts of men with gonorrhea. In the absence of a chlamydial service laboratory, only contacts of patients with nonspecific urethritis are likely to receive treatment, leaving 2/3 of chlamydia-positive women untreated. In 1976, an estimated 18,300 women were seen in British clinics with undiagnosed, untreated chlamydial infection. Given the magnitude and severity of this problem, a chlamydial diagnostic service should become a mandatory clinic component.
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PMID:The need for a chlamydial culture service. 48 48

An outbreak of hematuria occurred from May 20 to May 23, 1975, among employees of a chemical packaging plant. Nine of 22 workers who packaged the insecticide chlordimeform in a separate shed became severely ill with abdominal pain, dysuria, urgency to void, or hematuria. None of 18 persons who worked in other areas of the plant were affected. Four additional workers who had packaged the chemical during the previous year had a history of similar symptoms. Bladder biopsy specimens from three affected persons showed severe hemorrhagic cystitis; chlordimeform and 2-methyl-4-chloroaniline, a metabolite of chlordimeform, were present in urine specimens collected three days after exposure. The illness lasted from one week to two months; the workers recovered completely. Chlordimeform that was injected subcutaneously into three cats produced similar, though less severe, changes in the bladders of two animals.
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PMID:Acute hemorrhagic cystitis. Industrial exposure to the pesticide chlordimeform. 62 51

The purpose of a physician's screening for gonorrhea is the provision of comprehensive health care to patients who seek his care. Among sexually active young patients, gonorrhea is probably far more common than many other diseases a physician "screens" for during a routine physical examination. Since gonorrhea culture tests are too costly in time and money to be offered to every patient, guidelines can be used to select patients for screening who are most likely to have gonorrhea. The gonorrhea culture test should be carried out in the same spirit as a cervical cytology test, as a potential health benefit and without stigma.However, even more important than gonorrhea screening, from the standpoint of the patient, is (1) increased use of culture for diagnostic problem solving, particularly in women with dysuria, abnormal vaginal discharge, abnormal menstrual bleeding or lower abdominal pain, and (2) location and treatment of sex partners.
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PMID:Screening and the detection of gonorrhea. 81 97

A case report of mesenteric venous thrombosis with small bowel infarction in a 38-year-old woman who had been taking oral contraceptives is reported. The patient was admitted complaining of severe abdominal pain and vomiting for 36 hours. On admission, temperature was 37.5 degrees C and pulse 120/minute. Abdominal rigidity and left-sided abdominal tenderness were present. X-ray of the abdomen showed 2 distended loops of small bowel and 3 fluid levels. Serum amylase was normal. White cell count was 10,000/cu mm. There was a history of abdominal pain and diarrhea over a period of several years. For 6 months she had been taking Ovulen (mestranol .1 mg and ethynodiol diacetate .5 mg) for menstrual irregularity. 2 weeks earlier she had suffered an influenzalike illness with pleuristic chest pain, loin pain, urinary frequency, and dysuria. Chest X-ray and intravenous pylography were then reported as normal. At immediate operation, a 15 cm segment of ileum was found to be infarcted. Semipurulent fluid was present in the abdomen and areas of fibrinous peritonitis were observed. The involved segment of ileum was resected. A small thrombus was extracted from a mesenteric vein. Initial postoperative course was good but 3 days after operation chest pain, dyspnea, and giddiness developed and cardiac arrest followed. Resuscitation was successful. Pulmonary angiography then showed thrombi in all branches of the pulmonary artery. After heparin therapy symptoms improved and the patient left the hospital in 2 weeks, her condition being stabilized with warfarin and dipyridamole (Persantin). The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. Early recanalization of a mesenteric vein was noted. Other reported cases have shown an average prodromal phase of 4 or 5 days. The long-term diarrhea was considered as not connected with the present illness but the presumed influenza illness 2 weeks earlier may have been due to a pulmonary embolism. Of reported cases, 5 of 13 have died. Early diagnosis, prompt surgery, and heparin therpay are considered important.
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PMID:Mesenteric venous thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives: a case report. 106 70

18 patients were admitted from 1969 to 1973 to the Surgical and Urological University Clinic in Mainz with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms. Three patients died immediately following the operation and three during surgery from internal hemorrhage. Eight patients died later following prolonged shock. Four patients survived surgery. The classical symptoms of shock, abdominal pain and pulsating tumor was only present in three patients. The diagnosis was only made in seven patients at admission, from the clinical findings. Urological symptoms were also prominent such as unilateral flank pain, colic, dysuria, anuria and tenderness over the kidney. There is no typical clinical picture of ruptured aortic aneurysm. Acute urological symptomatology in cases of acute abdomen with unclear etiology and in connection with shock could indicate a ruptured aortic aneurysm. There is absolute indication for immediate operative intervention. The aneurysm is removed and replaced by a vascular prosthesis. Early diagnosis is important since prolonged shock and anuria will result in a poor postoperative prognosis. Abdominal exploration is therefore also indicated when a ruptured aortic aneurysm is only suspected.
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PMID:[Urinary tract manifestations of ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysms (author's transl)]. 120 8

Human infection with Schistosome hematobium is common in the Subsahel region of Ghana. Between January 1987 and July 1988, a study was conducted of all pregnant women attending Bawku District Hospital Antenatal-Clinic (ANC), Bawku/Upper East Region (Subsahel-Savanna), Ghana, with complaints and S. hematobium detected in their urine. Pregnant women received iron and folic acid tablets and tetanus-immunization. The partograms of 500 consecutive deliveries in Bawku Hospital (1600 deliveries/year) in the same period were used to collect data for the control group. To estimate the prevalence of S. hematobium infection in pregnancy in Bawku District, 200 pregnant women with a healthy pregnancy were screened. In 9 cases (4.5%) S. hematobium eggs were found in the urine. In 197 cases, the urine test revealed that 51 had proteinuria, 38 had blood in the urine, and 19 women had proteinuria and hematuria. The values were 22-40% with an average of 30%. The hospital delivery analysis of 500 consecutive partograms of the control group showed an average gestation at delivery of 38 weeks, birth weight of 2.917 kg, birth length of 48 cm, and gravidity of 3.6. 41 pregnant women were infected with S. hematobium. One of them had a double-infection of S. hematobium an S. mansoni. Because of 18 drop-outs, the outcome of the pregnancy in 23 women was followed up to delivery. Preterm (37 weeks) deliveries were 34.8% in this group vs. 23.8% in the control group. The births weights in term deliveries (37 weeks) were not significantly different (3012 g vs. 3103 g). In the preterm deliveries, the birth weight was significantly lower in the infected group (1768 g vs. 2457 g, p0.005). The complaints leading to subsequent diagnosis of infection were in 28 cases dysuria, 17 hematuria, 8 waistpain, and 10 lower abdominal pain. In the hospital deliveries, there was one neonatal death in which case the diagnosis of S. hematobium infection was made at the time of the premature delivery.
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PMID:Schistosoma haematobium infection in pregnancy. 135 2

In an open multicenter study [corrected], 112 male patients (mean age 47.1 years) with documented symptomatic chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated with oral temafloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. for 28 days. Urine and prostatic secretions were obtained for culture and susceptibility testing, and clinical signs and symptoms were evaluated at day 14 as well as 5-9 days and 26-30 days post-treatment. The most frequently isolated pretreatment pathogens (n = 97) were 36 strains (38%) of Escherichia coli and 16 strains (17%) of Enterococcus. Clinical success (cure plus improvement) was demonstrated in 74 of 81 (91%) patients at visit 4, 5-9 days post-treatment and at visit 5, 26-30 days post-treatment in 61 of 71 (86%) patients. At visit 4, 94% of patients had eradication of pretreatment pathogens. At visit 5, 92% had continued eradication of their original pathogens. Improvement was observed in the severity of signs and symptoms that existed pretreatment at visit 4 (visit 5): dysuria, 92% (93%); perineal pain, 95% (93%); lower abdominal pain, 93% (100%); lower back pain, 88% (93%); scrotal/penile pain, 91% (83%). Digestive system (6.3%) and nervous system (4.5%) adverse events were observed most frequently. Temafloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. administered orally for 28 days represents a safe and effective treatment for chronic bacterial prostatitis.
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PMID:Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis with temafloxacin. 166 84

An intra-abdominal cyst is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. A 19-year-old male was admitted complaining of abdominal pain and distension, dysuria, constipation, headache, and fever. He had undergone a VP shunt for obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a cerebellar astrocytoma 16 years earlier, and had received shunt revision twice, 5 years and 3 months earlier, respectively. Examination on admission revealed neck stiffness, early papilledema, a mass in the lower abdomen, and abdominal muscular guarding with rebound tenderness. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis of the peripheral blood and pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Abdominal ultrasonograms and computed tomographic scans demonstrated a cystic lesion. Under the diagnosis of meningitis and local peritonitis with an intra-abdominal cyst, we sistemically administered antibiotics and externalized the shunt. However, since the cyst fluid could not be aspirated through the abdominal catheter, it was exchanged with a flexible catheter under fluoroscopic control, according to Seldinger's method. A total of 400 ml of cyst fluid was drained. Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected in both the cyst fluid and the CSF. After meningitis subsided, repositioning of the abdominal catheter into the other side of the abdomen was performed but resulted in shunt malfunction and meningitis due to the same organisms. After meningitis again subsided, the VP shunt was converted to a ventriculoatrial shunt. The clinical course was uneventful thereafter.
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PMID:Intra-abdominal cyst following revision of ventriculoperitoneal shunt--case report. 170 49

A 2-year-old Fijian boy presented with a week's history of fever and dysuria. On ultrasound scan of the abdomen, he was found to have an appendicular mass. The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis is emphasized as well as the need for consideration of appendicitis in any young child with abdominal pain.
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PMID:Appendicitis presenting with dysuria in a 2-year-old: ultrasound-aided diagnosis--a case report. 172


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