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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) remains a well-described disease process that is difficult to diagnose. Since its initial description more than a century ago, a myriad of diagnostic and treatment modalities have been applied to ameliorate the classic symptoms of postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss. It is estimated that mesenteric occlusive disease affects approximately 1% to 18% of the population, with a majority of these patients manifesting no symptoms of CMI. While associated with a small prevalence, the potential economic impact of this disease process, with the increasing age of the population and the catastrophic outcomes associated with no treatment, is significant. The primary etiology of CMI is atherosclerotic occlusive disease involving the ostia of the mesenteric arteries. Several studies have investigated the pathophysiology of the postprandial abdominal pain associated with ischemia focusing on transport mechanisms, claudication of the intestinal musculature, and ischemia of the visceral nerves. The process of diagnosing CMI involves assimilation of the presentation, typical history and physical examination findings, and results of imaging modalities. At the end of this diagnostic process, the decision to offer a patient surgical intervention is primarily based on symptomatology and results of duplex and other imaging modalities. There are specific criteria for which to offer symptomatic patients interventions. Patients who are asymptomatic do not need to undergo revascularization, which may disrupt collateral arterial circulation to the mesentery. They should be followed conservatively.
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PMID:Chronic mesenteric ischemia: how to select patients for invasive treatment. 2029 46

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that affects mainly the aorta and its branches. Treatment is mainly based on corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. We report the case of a 33-year-old female complaining of malaise, fever, myalgia, severe pulsing holocranial headache resistant to analgesics, systemic arterial hypertension hard to control, right lower limb claudication, and severe abdominal pain that worsened after the meals. Angiotomography revealed aneurysm of the ascending aorta, and stenosis of the following vessels: right common iliac artery, renal arteries, and superior mesenteric artery. Those findings supported the diagnosis of mesenteric angina and the interventional approach by use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent placement.
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PMID:Treatment of mesenteric angina in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. 2158 25

Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the large vessels, such as the aorta and its branches. It represents the third most frequent vasculitis during pediatric age. Our objective was to describe clinical and complementary exams features as well as treatment modalities of a case series of pediatric patients. We present 11 patients (10 girls) with median age at onset of 8 years (range: 2-15). The median diagnosis delay was 16 months (range: 2-96). Clinical presentations were lower limb claudication, arterial hypertension, CNS involvement, presence of murmurs, systemic symptoms, lymphadenopathy, chest pain, abdominal pain and arthritis. Laboratory tests showed: elevated ESR, anemia and trombocytosis. Vascular imaging studies exhibited stenosis, dilatation, occlussion and aneurysms. The outcome of the disease was persistent active condition (1 patient), relapse (4 patients), remission (3 patients), motor sequelae (1 patient) and death (2 patients). All patients were treated with steroids and immunosuppressants. Takayasu 's arteritis is a condition that can potentially be life-threatening. The diagnosis should be suspected in a variety of clinical manifestations during childhood.
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PMID:[Takayasu arteritis in pediatric patients]. 2276 Jul 53

Isolated arterial thrombi complicating inflammatory bowel disease occurs rarely. We encountered a case of a 28-year-old man with Crohn disease who presented with abdominal pain and severe claudication and was found to have an isolated aortoiliac thrombus. Bilateral aortoiliac thromboembolectomies were performed with successful restoration of femoral blood flow. Long-term anticoagulation therapy was instituted after an extensive hypercoagulable workup, which failed to reveal an etiology for the patient's coagulopathy. We present our case and perform an extensive literature review on this topic.
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PMID:Aortoiliac thrombi in inflammatory bowel disease. 2295 Oct 60

A 43-year-old man presented to the emergency department with left leg claudication. CT angiogram confirmed an acute left leg arterial occlusion from a left ventricular thrombus. During intra-arterial thrombolysis, he developed severe abdominal pain and a CT angiogram confirmed an acute occlusive thromboembolism to his left renal artery. Prior to left renal artery intra-arterial embolectomy, temporary intra-arterial occlusion balloons were inflated within his (1) right renal artery to protect this kidney from acute embolism and (2) left iliac artery to protect his left leg from further clot burden. Following the left renal embolectomy, an angiogram demonstrated patent renal arteries, acute occlusion of the right common iliac artery and persistent clot in his left iliac/lower limb. These occlusions were retrieved by surgical embolectomy. Final angiogram demonstrated patent bilateral iliac/lower limb arteries. The patient was discharged on lifelong anticoagulation and remains asymptomatic with bilateral palpable distal pulses and normal serum creatine.
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PMID:Use of embolic protective devices in treating acute arterial occlusions: an interventional radiology and vascular surgery collaborative learning experience. 2358 Jun 69

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare disease that is marked by systemic inflammation and the development of a periaortic fibroinflammatory mass. The fibroinflammatory infiltration can encase the abdominal aorta, ureters, and other abdominal organs. The clinical presentation often includes constitutional symptoms, abdominal pain, and signs of renal insufficiency or renal failure related to ureteral obstruction. Less frequently, RPF may present with vascular complications, such as venous thrombosis or claudication. The idiopathic form of RPF is most common but secondary forms have been described and are associated with malignancy and a variety of different medications. The pathophysiology is uncertain, but RPF has been linked with periaortitis and IgG4-related disease. Treatment centers on the relief of symptoms and complications associated with mass effects. Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressant therapies can improve constitutional symptoms, reduce infiltrate mass, and achieve disease remission, but a chronic relapsing course is not uncommon.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal fibrosis. 2516 Dec 13

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary systemic vasculitis in western countries in individuals over the age of 50. It is typically characterised by the granulomatous involvement of large and medium sized blood vessels branching of the aorta with particular tendencies for involving the extracranial branches of the carotid artery. Generally the diagnosis is straightforward when characteristic symptoms such as headache, jaw claudication, or other ischemic complications are present. Atypical presentations of GCA without "overt" cranial ischemic manifestations have become increasingly recognised but we report for the first time a case of GCA presenting as mild upper abdominal pain and generalized weakness in the context of hyponatremia as the presenting manifestation of vasculitis that was subsequently diagnosed by MRI scanning. This case adds to the literature and emphasises the importance of MRI in the evaluation of GCA patients without "classic" cranial ischemic symptoms.
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PMID:Giant Cell Arteritis: An Atypical Presentation Diagnosed with the Use of MRI Imaging. 2749 25

We present the case of a bilateral external iliac artery (EIA) dissection in a 44-year-old male athlete. The patient was referred to our department for right lower abdominal pain without claudication during single squatting. His athletic history included participation in approximately five athletic events per year. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral EIA dissection and right renal infarction. Following medical treatment for his hypertension and considering his medical history, a bilateral EIA replacement with 8-mm Dacron straight grafts was performed on the 24th day after hospital admission. Postoperative contrast-enhanced CT revealed good bilateral graft patency and perfusion following surgery.
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PMID:Bilateral External Iliac Artery Dissection in a Middle-Aged Male Athlete. 2951 13

Aortic sarcomas have not been linked to Lynch syndrome in humans, although other soft tissue malignancies have been. We report the case of a 31-year-old man with Lynch syndrome, who presented with abdominal pain and severe claudication. The clinical and diagnostic workup revealed near occlusion of the infrarenal aorta due to aortic angiosarcoma. En bloc resection of the visceral and infrarenal aorta with right nephrectomy was performed, facilitated by temporary extracorporeal bypass to the visceral arteries. The aorta was reconstructed with a bifurcated Dacron graft. At the 24-month follow-up examination, the patient was free of disease but was experiencing chronic diarrhea.
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PMID:En bloc resection of visceral aorta and right kidney due to aortic sarcoma using temporary extracorporeal bypass grafting. 3179 87

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare chronic granulomatous inflammation of the aorta or its branches and is prevalent all around the world. It causes stenosis of large arteries and ischaemic damage to target organs. There is usually a delay in recognising TA because of the rarity and unfamiliarity with the disease, unspecific early symptoms and lack of diagnostic equipment for early diagnosis. In this report, we present a case of an 18-year-old woman from Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia, with recurrent fever, headache, claudication of extremities and postprandial abdominal pain. She was diagnosed clinically with suspicion of TA and was sent to a tertiary hospital to confirm the diagnosis. Arteriography revealed that the patient had narrowing of the thoracic and abdominal aorta until the level of the aortic bifurcation. The patient was started on high-dose corticosteroid, cyclosporine A and diltiazem. The patient then showed improvement in her symptoms.
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PMID:Takayasu arteritis in a rural hospital in Indonesia. 3191 57


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