Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gut wall. GIST have still today controversial aspects of their histogenesis that are reflected on the classification, clinical behaviour and prognosis. The authors analyzed 14 studies observed between 2000 and 2001; also the tumors early classified as leiomyomas, leiomyosarcomas and schwannomas were included in these studies because, on the basis of immunohistochemical analysis, their cells were c-Kit positive. The GIST occurred in 728 patients with the age range of 12 days-96 years with a male predominance (59.3%). The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (25.4%) and gastrointestinal bleeding (23.4%). CT scan was the most important diagnostic technique. Surgery was the only useful treatment; in this study completeness of resection predicted for longer survival. Overall survival was between 21.4% and 88.8%; the percentage of deaths was between 11.1% and 78.5%. Distant metastases, localised in liver and lungs, and locoregional recurrences developed in a percentage between 9% and 68%.
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PMID:[Meta-analytical study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)]. 1285 66

Tumors of the small bowel, both benign and malignant, are relatively uncommon. As the symptoms are vague and conventional diagnostic tests are unsatisfactory, these tumors often present a clinical, radiological, and endoscopic challenge. We report here on five patients in whom small-bowel tumors were diagnosed using wireless capsule endoscopy. The indications for capsule endoscopy were: obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in four patients (one jejunal capillary hemangioma, one ileal hemangiosarcoma, and two jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumors) and chronic abdominal pain in one patient (ileal carcinoid). Wireless capsule endoscopy, a new endoscopic method, promises to improve the diagnosis of deep small-bowel pathology.
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PMID:Small-bowel tumors diagnosed by wireless capsule endoscopy: report of five cases. 1455 68

Three cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are reported as typical examples of the broad clinical spectrum in which these rare tumors can be detected. The first case describes an 82-year-old patient with a hemorrhagic shock due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a GIST of the stomach. GIST most frequently present with either gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain or a detectable mass on physical examination or by ultrasound imaging. Clinically asymptomatic tumor growth also occurs as demonstrated by the second case of a 44-year-old -woman with an incidental finding of GIST during surgery of the esophagus. The cases are used to discuss the consequences for therapy and prognosis resulting from the heterogeneity of this tumor entity; the relevant immunohistochemical markers used to distinguish between various tumor subtypes of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors (GIMT) are listed. Since gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) represent the most common subgroup of GIMT, we focus on the clinicopathological prognostic factors of GIST. The third case of a 40-year-old patient with a malignant GIST recurrence after surgery and exhibiting secondary resistance after one year of successful therapy with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec), antagonizing pathogenetically relevant constitutive c-KIT activation, illustrates the potential and limitations of the only effective drug treatment for advanced GIST.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a broad clinical spectrum from incidental -discovery to acute gastrointestinal bleeding]. 1502 11

The frequent association of stromal tumors with neurofobromatosis raises high suspicion of a possible correlation between the two entities. The aim of this study was to analyze clinicopathologic features of patients with concomitant neurofibromatosis and gastrointestinal stromal tumors and to discuss the molecular basis for their possible pathogenesis. Detailed information about clinical presentation, histology, immunostains, polymerase chain reaction amplification, and sequencing in three of our own cases was obtained. Stromal tumors presented with abdominal pain in one case and hemorrhage in another. One patient underwent surgery for malignant transformation of neurofibroma and stromal tumors were found incidentally. Stromal tumors were consistently positive for CD117, while the malignant peripheral sheath tumor was not. Mutation in the KIT juxtamembrane domain was found in one case. In this respect, some stromal tumors lack demonstrable KIT mutations but KIT remains activated. We reasoned that other mechanisms, like the Ras pathway involved in neurofibromatosis type 1, might play a role in KIT activation.
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PMID:Neurofibromatosis with gastrointestinal stromal tumors: insights into the association. 1538 40

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the gallbladder are representative of an extremely rare group of tumors. We have encountered a patient with a malignant GIST of the gallbladder and presented it with a review of some articles. A 72-yr-old woman initially presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, fever and chills. Emergency cholecystectomy was performed under the impression of gallbladder empyema. Liver metastasis was found at 7 months postoperatively and the patient expired 9 months after the surgery. At the time of cholecystectomy, the gallbladder showed a necrotic serosal surface with an irregular thickened wall. A mass, 6 cm in length and 3 cm in width, encircled the whole wall of the neck and upper body of the gallbladder. Microscopic findings revealed frequent mitotic figures (more than 20/50 HPF) and tumor necrosis. Hyperchromatic, pleomorphic and spindle shaped neoplastic cells that were arranged in a pattern of short fascicles infiltrated the entire layer of the gallbladder. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for CD117 antigen (c-kit protein) and vimentin. They were negative for desmin, smooth muscle actin and S-100 protein. Mutations of the c-kit proto-oncogene were not found in this case. These findings were sufficient to provide enough clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical evidence in diagnosing our case as a malignant GIST.
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PMID:Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the gallbladder. 1548 60

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are characterized with diverse clinical presentations, including acute and chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, presence of an intra-abdominal mass, anorexia, and intestinal obstruction. A 60-year-old obese woman presented as an acute abdominal emergency with right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain and tenderness, nausea and leukocytosis, all mimicking acute appendicitis. Laparotomy revealed a spontaneously ruptured GIST of the jejunum, which was localized to the RLQ due to postoperative adhesions following previous two cesarean sections and cholecystectomy. Complete surgical resection was performed, followed by an uneventful early postoperative course.
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PMID:Spontaneously ruptured gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the jejunum mimicking acute appendicitis. 1566 31

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) constitute a large majority of mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which express the c-kit proto-oncogene protein, a cell membrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity. GI stromal tumors of the stomach are usually associated with bleeding, abdominal pain or a palpable mass. CASE PRESENTATION: A 75-year-old male presented with upper abdominal pain and palpable mass. Computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen showed a large mass arising in the posterior aspect of fundus, body, and greater curvature of the stomach. Second day after the admission, there was significant reduction in the size of the tumor, clinically as well as radiologically. Endoscopic biopsy showed large bulge in fundus and corpus of the stomach posteriorly with an opening in the posterior part of the corpus, and biopsy from the edge of the opening reveled GIST. Patient underwent curative resection. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous ruptured of giant gastric stromal tumor is very rare presentation of stomach GIST. Thorough clinical examination and timely investigation can diagnose rare complication.
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PMID:Spontaneous rupture of giant gastric stromal tumor into gastric lumen. 1571 36

Tumors of the small intestine are rare lesions, but they should be kept in mind as possible causes of gastrointestinal symptoms. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. A 78 year-old woman complaining of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting after meal and weight loss for three months was admitted to our clinic. On physical examination, there was only epigastric tenderness. No mass was palpated. She was anemic and total protein and albumin levels were low. Other laboratory tests were normal. A 9.0 x 7.5 cm heterogeneous mass was detected on the abdominal computerized tomography scan. Endoscopy confirmed a polypoid and vegetative mass in the second part of the duodenum. Histopathological diagnosis of endoscopic biopsy was gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. On the 11th postoperative day, relaparotomy was performed due to biliary leakage from the subhepatic drain. Biliary leakage was from the choledochojejunostomy. Choledochojejunostomy and pancreaticojejunostomy were revised. She was discharged on the postoperative 25th day. Histopathological examination of the resection specimen revealed duodenal stromal tumor. Although stromal tumors are relatively rare in the duodenum, in the case of upper gastrointestinal obstruction and anemia, this type of tumors should be considered in differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Case report: duodenal stromal tumor. 1583 94

Mesenteric fibromatosis (MF) is a rare, benign tumor commonly associated with Gardner's syndrome. The signs and symptoms in patients with MF are insidious. Patients may present with abdominal pain or discomfort when the tumors reach large sizes, which is typical at the time of diagnosis. Differentiating MF from other neoplasms such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors may present a diagnostic dilemma, especially in patients without any history of familial adenomatous polyposis. In the present report, we discuss a young girl who presented with MF. A pertinent review of the literature is also presented. This case is peculiar in that MF presented at a young age in a patient without history of familial adenomatous polyposis and occurred in the omentum with local invasion to the stomach.
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PMID:Mesenteric fibromatosis in a young girl without familial adenomatous polyposis. 1593 4

Mesenteric fibromatosis is a proliferative fibroblastic neoplasia of the small intestine mesentery that may occur as a unique or multiple formation. Mesenteric fibromatosis is a rare, locally aggressive neoplasm and may present with abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, weight loss, or symptoms of ureteral obstruction, mesenteric ischemia, or intestinal obstruction. It is of the utmost importance to distinguish mesenteric fibromatosis from gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Histopathology accurately differentiates between these two distinct entities. The preferred treatment is local surgical excision with a margin of uninvolved tissue. The involvement of important structures like the superior mesenteric artery and the superior mesenteric vein may pose a challenge during resection, but these tumors can be excised and the vessels repaired primarily.
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PMID:Giant mesenteric fibromatosis presenting as small bowel obstruction. 1671 98


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