Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of pelvic inflammatory disease in a sexually non-active 13 year old girl is described, with evidence of pinworms as the cause. Albendazole treatment cleared the infestation but the patient suffered subsequent bouts of lower abdominal pain. The literature is reviewed regarding abdominal pathology associated with ectopic migration of pinworms.
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PMID:Pelvic inflammatory disease associated with Enterobius vermicularis. 1202 82

Severe or complicated malaria is defined by infestation by Plasmodium falciparum into all red blood cells, especially those in the brain, causing coma and repeated convulsions; severe anemia (6 g/dl hemoglobin, 20% hematocrit); renal insufficiency (265 mcmol/l creatinine, 400 ml/day diuresis); pulmonary edema; hypoglycemia (2.2 ml/l or 0.4 g/l); shock; diffuse hemorrhaging; massive hemoglobinuria; and blood acidosis. Other possible symptoms of severe malaria are clouded thinking, changes in behavior, and inability to focus. It is most common in people with no immunity to malaria (children aged 4 and travelers in endemic zones). Pregnancy, splenectomy, corticotherapy, or poorly maintained immunity status favor severe anemia in adults. Sources of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum have existed since 1960. Resistance has since expanded from Southeast Asia and South America to Africa, posing treatment problems. Malaria usually begins with fever (40 or more degrees Celsius), headaches, muscular pain, digestive troubles (e.g., diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting), and abdominal pain. In suspected cases of malaria, a blood sample or a thick blood smear as well as treatment (even in the absence of parasitological proof) needs to be done as soon as possible. Intravenous quinine diluted in a 5-10% glucose solution should be delivered at a rate of 24 mg/kg/day. In the case of severe jaundice, the dose should be cut in half beginning 8 hours after treatment began. If intravenous delivery is impossible, intramuscular delivery should be done. Corticosteroids, anticoagulants, and aspirin are contraindicated. In 2-4 days, oral administration (chloroquine, halofantrine, or mefloquine) is warranted. 20% of malaria-related deaths among patients who receive treatment are due to complications of the central nervous system. Protection against mosquito bites prevents malaria. Chemoprophylaxis in endemic zones should be limited to short trips to malaria zones or to pregnant women.
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PMID:[Severe malaria]. 1229 Jan 83

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is defined as the presence of prolonged eosinophilia without an identifiable underlying cause and with evidence of end-organ dysfunction. The organs involved are the heart, bone marrow, nervous system, lungs, liver, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Hepatic involvement is found in about 30% of patients of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. It occurs rarely in infants and children. In this report, we experienced one case of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement in a 5-year-old boy who complained of intermittent fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. An abdominal ultrasound examination revealed an ill-defined low-echoic lesion in the liver. Pathologic findings of a biopsy specimen clearly showed the infiltration of eosinophils in the liver. Laboratory data disclosed absolute eosinophilia. There was no evidence of allergic disease or parasitic infestation.
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PMID:[A case of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic involvement in a 5-year-old boy]. 1249 91

Dientamoeba fragilis is a non-enteroinvasive, protozoan parasite of the human large intestine with a worldwide prevalence. Considered for years to be a non-pathogenic organism, more recent studies suggest that up to 25% of adult hosts and up to 90% of infested children may manifest clinical disease. D. fragilis infestation has been implicated in chronic gastrointestinal syndromes characterized by protean complaints such as post-prandial abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, flatulence, fatigue, anorexia, and weight loss. Rarely, D. fragilis infestation is the etiology of acute abdominal pain, mimicking a surgical abdomen. A case report is presented that details a patient with a 1-month history of vague abdominal complaints who presented to the Emergency Department with an apparent episode of acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Dientamoeba fragilis infection presenting to the emergency department as acute appendicitis. 1286 3

We describe the case of a 28-year-old man from Greece with Opistorchis felineus infestation. The patient presented with intense abdominal pain, bilious emesis and eosinophilia. He probably acquired the infection overseas, since he was a commercial airline pilot who used to fly to endemic areas and to consume raw or undercooked fish. He was successfully treated with praziquantel administered in divided doses over a single day. Opisthorchiasis is common to eastern Europe and areas of the former Soviet Union, but extremely rare in Greece. Medical personnel should be cognizant of this parasitic infection, since world travel can spread it to areas of the world unaccustomed to it.
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PMID:A case of Opisthorchis felineus infestation in a pilot from Greece. 1473 89

We present two rare cases of unusual manifestations of Taenia solium infestation. Taenia infestation usually causes abdominal pain and diarrhea in humans. But there have been no clinical reports of ascites, chronic diarrhea, and malabsorption due to Taenia solium without evidence of the ova or larvae of the parasites in stool examinations. Our first unusual case was in a 30-year-old woman with spontaneous pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and ascites; the second case was in a 67-year-old man with a 3-year history of diarrhea, weight loss, and indigestion. Both patients showed blood eosinophilia and positive serologic tests for Taenia solium. After antiparasitic agent administration, their symptoms resolved successfully.
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PMID:Unusual manifestations of Taenia solium infestation. 1506 8

Fasciola hepatica, a zoonotic liver fluke, can also cause disease in humans. Common symptoms are epigastric pain, upper abdominal pain and malaise. Fever and arthralgia are common in acute fascioliasis. Eosinophilia is the predominant laboratory finding, especially in patients with the acute form of the disease. Diagnosis and treatment is not easy, as physicians rarely encounter this disease, and effective drugs are not available in many countries. Human fascioliasis may be underestimated. Patients with eosinophilia and abdominal pain should be evaluated for F. hepatica infestation by parasitological, radiological and serological tests.
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PMID:Human fascioliasis. 1511 13

Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus characterised by cyst formation in various organs. The infestation mostly involves the liver. Hydatid cysts of the liver can rupture either spontaneously or due to trauma. Incidence of rupture is about 3-17% of all cases with hydatid disease. Unless treated surgically, rupture can result in death. Here, we present a case of hydatid cyst ruptured after a severe cough episode and disseminated first to the subcapsular area, then to the peritoneal space. Probably due to a decrease in parenchymal pressure in the liver after decompressive effect of rupture, the patient felt an improvement in abdominal pain, refused operation, and left the hospital on his own responsibility. This unfortunate relief resulted in a delay of 55 hours in management. The leakage of liquid materials into peritoneal space resulted in a severe inflammatory reaction and eventually death of the patient. The patient died of a late peritonitis rather than anaphylaxis, which is the most common reason for death in such patients. As a conclusion, physicians should be aware of a temporary relief in abdominal pain after cyst rupture that may cause a delay in management and in turn loss of patient due to peritonitis.
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PMID:Latent fatality due to hydatid cyst rupture after a severe cough episode. 1571 22

Whipple' disease is mainly characterized by affecting the digestive system, although it can be a multisystemic process with different clinical symptoms. The bacillus causing the disease has been isolated and cultivated in 2000 and the genome sequence has been recently analyzed in 2003, which means new perspectives for its diagnosis and treatment. Giardiasis is an infestation caused by a protozoo and may cause a malabsorption syndrome or run in a subclinic way. The case of a middle-aged male is described, who after a three-year period of migratory arthralgias, showed weight loss, diarrheas and abdominal pain, being diagnosed of Giardiasis, and after the persistent symptoms and a number of studies, was diagnosed with Whipple disease. Nineteen cases of Giardia-Whipple coinfection have been described in the literature, but the reason of this association has not been found yet. The discussion on whether there is an alteration in the immunitary system which facilitates infections or, the development of an infection lead to the other one, goes on.
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PMID:Association between Whipple's disease and Giardia lamblia infection. 1626 31

Infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm) is very common in the tropics and subtropics. Patients with ascariasis can be asymptomatic or may present with different clinical features in the form of simple nausea, decreased appetite, abdominal pain or more severe bowel obstruction, perforation, intussusception, biliary colic etc. Ultrasonography (USG) can be quick, safe, noninvasive and relatively inexpensive tool in diagnosing the presence of worms and also evaluating response to treatment (1, 2, and 3). Here we present four cases of roundworm infestation presenting with acute abdomen in the emergency department, which were diagnosed by USG and further imaging features of ascariasis on USG is described.
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PMID:Roundworm infestation presenting as acute abdomen in four cases--sonographic diagnosis. 1640 53


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