Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of giardiasis was assessed in 1000 consecutive adult patients undergoing upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy for the usually accepted indications. Patients with upper-gastrointestinal bleeding were excluded. The diagnosis was established by examination of duodenal aspirate and duodenal mucosal impression smears. In 21 patients (2.1%) trophozoites were detected both in the duodenal juice and stained mucosal impression smears. All were treated with metronidazole or tinidazole. In 14 of 16 patients who had subsequent duodenal intubation, eradication of the parasite was confirmed. In five patients previously existent abdominal pain disappeared with clearing of the parasite, and no other cause for their abdominal pain was discovered. A search for Giardia lamblia infestation may be a worthwhile additional procedure at the time of endoscopy when no other cause for abdominal pain is found.
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PMID:Prevalence of Giardiasis: a study at upper-gastrointestinal endoscopy. 71 53

Three patients who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus underwent surgery for infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Fever and abdominal pain were the principal presenting clinical features. None of the patients had any opportunistic infections or endocarditis. In two cases, a ruptured aneurysm was demonstrated radiographically. In the remaining case, sonograms were diagnostic. The organisms responsible were salmonella, Hemophilus influenzae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In two cases, the infectious origin was evidenced by bacteriologic examination of the aortic wall, which revealed the presence of Salmonella enteritidis and Koch's bacillus. Although Hemophilus influenzae was not found in the aortic wall of the remaining case, the infectious origin of the aneurysm was established because preoperative blood cultures were positive for this pathogen, and pathohistologic examination of the specimen showed destruction associated with leukocyte infiltration of the aneurysmal wall. An in situ prosthetic graft replacement protected by omentum was performed in all three cases. Antibiotic therapy was continued for several weeks. All patients are well with follow-up ranging from 10 to 21 months. Infectious aneurysm associated with human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity results in bacterial infestation of an atheromatous aorta. Infected phenomena are promoted by cellular immunodeficiency. Surgery was justified in these cases because of the immediate threat of rupture.
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PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus and infected aneurysm of the abdominal aorta: report of three cases. 161 Jun 55

The clinicopathological features of schistosomiasis of the appendix are discussed, based on the clinical presentation, operative findings and morphological changes in the specimens of patients seen in Ibadan between 1980 and 1989. Schistosoma haematobium was implicated as the causal agent of a granulomatous inflammatory reaction with eosinophilia and fibrosis. Intramuscular oviposition was associated with frank acute appendicitis, and serosal involvement resulted in peritoneal adhesions, with ileoileal intussusception in one patient. The actual role of schistosomal infestation as a contributory factor in appendicitis is still open to debate, but the diagnosis must be entertained in patients in the tropics with features of acute appendicitis or recurrent abdominal pain.
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PMID:Schistosomiasis of the appendix. 195 89

In humans, infestation with Strongyloides stercoralis most commonly involves the upper small intestine. We describe a 65-yr-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, weight loss, and hypoalbuminemia, and was found at colonoscopy to have patchy erythema with aphthoid ulcers scattered throughout the large intestine proximal to the splenic flexure. Biopsy of involved areas and examination of the colonic effluent revealed S. stercoralis larvae. Previous reports of colonic involvement with this nematode, and the differential diagnosis of aphthoid ulcers, a newly described lesion associated with S. stercoralis infestation, are discussed.
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PMID:Aphthoid ulceration of the colon in strongyloidiasis. 202 60

Toxocariasis is a rare zoonotic disease in Israel. It usually affects children under the age of 10. Toxocara canis and Toxocara catis are common parasites among dogs and cats which affect man when he ingests the eggs of these helminths. We describe 3 children with different clinical presentations of the infestation. A 6-year-old boy had pain in the muscles of the limbs and diffuse patches in the right lower lobes on X-ray; a 7-year-old girl presented with a limp; and a 3-year-old boy had abdominal pain and a maculopapular rash covering the whole body. All 3 had eosinophilia. They illustrate the importance of toxocariasis in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilia.
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PMID:[Toxocariasis in Emek Israel]. 222 72

Parasitic rheumatism is a rare condition characterized by inflammatory joint manifestations due to a parasitic infestation without parasites into joint cavity, (but, with circulating immune complexes, in serum, and synovial fluid; and with immunoglobulins and complement deposits in synovium in some cases reported in the literature). The number of parasites (now 15) which can induce such an arthritis by immune mechanisms is steadily increasing. In all, but few cases of parasitic rheumatism, usual parasitic manifestations (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea...) are mild or absent; but, if present, they are a very good criteria to evoke the diagnosis. Clinical pictures of arthritis induced by parasitic infestation are very polymorphic, and non specific of the involved parasite; they seem to depend on genetic predisposition: the symptoms are monoarticular, pauciarticular, or polyarticular, involving small, medium, and or large joints. They can mimic the clinical picture of different inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The most striking feature of parasitic rheumatism is the failure of antirheumatic agents (especially non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents), contrasting with the dramatic efficacy of specific anti-parasitic treatment. The proof of the responsibility of parasitic infestation by indirect mechanism is given by an exceptional case report of a patient with arthritis, dramatically cured after removal of larvae from Anisakiasis gastric granuloma. To explain the uncommon occurrence of this variety of reactive arthritis, due to parasitic infestation, despite the high prevalence of parasitic infestation in the world, hypothesis of genetic predisposition seems valuable. Among 34 well documented reported cases of parasitic rheumatism in the literature, HLA B 27 antigen has been researched in 13; out of these 13, HLA B 27 is absent in 9; in 7 out of these 9, clinical picture is symmetrical polyarthritis. Out of the 13 cases, HLA B 27 is present in 4: In all these 4 cases, clinical picture is asymmetrical pauciarthritis, mimicking arthritis of Reiter's disease.
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PMID:[Is there a role for parasites in the etiology of inflammatory rheumatism?]. 227 83

In a 32-year-old Laotian immigrant who presented with a two-day history of vomiting, abdominal pain and jaundice, ultrasound examination revealed a posthepatic obstruction. Characteristic parasitic ova were present in bile fluid submitted for cytologic evaluation. Subsequent biopsy of the patient's bile duct lesion revealed a coexistent cholangiocarcinoma. The life cycles of Clonorchis sinensis and Ospisthorchis viverrini are reviewed along with the clinical and pathologic complications of infestation by these parasites in humans. The cytologic features of liver fluke infestation are characteristic and should be appreciated, as should the importance of its early diagnosis in the prevention of bile duct neoplasms.
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PMID:Cytologic diagnosis of liver fluke infestation in a patient with subsequently documented cholangiocarcinoma. 255 88

A diagnostic laparotomy was performed in a bush hospital on a 35-year-old African woman with a 10-year history of abdominal pain. It revealed hundreds of small calcified masses, 1-2 cm in diameter, throughout the abdominal cavity. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen from the peritoneum showed nearly complete calcification of tissue nodules with questionable parasite residues. A plain X-ray film of the abdomen, which it had been impossible to obtain earlier, had comma- and horseshoe-like calcifications which were interpreted as calcified residues of Armillifer, a parasite endemic in snakes. The patient used to eat snake meat frequently. There is no causal treatment of this infestation, termed pentastomiasis or porocephalosis.
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PMID:[Porocephalosis]. 259 6

The first case of not imported dicroceliasis in Czechoslovakia is reported in an eleven-year-old boy. The patient suffered from gastrointestinal complaints for about half a year. Diarrhea frequently alternated with constipation, the abdominal pain was mainly in the region of the pancreas. With the exception of eosinophilia (16%), all other laboratory findings (blood count, ELFO, urinalysis) were within normal values. Eggs of Dicrocoelium dendriticum were repeatedly found in stool specimens. The patient was successfully treated with Bithin (4,6-dichlorpentol). Examination of the other members of the family proved negative. At present the patient is without complaints, stool examinations for parasites were repeatedly negative. Contact with sheep or consumption of contaminated liver was not demonstrated. The parasitic infestation may have occurred via an intermediate host, as the patient was keen on collecting different animals, particularly snails.
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PMID:[A rare case of human autochthonous dicrocoeliasis in Czechoslovakia]. 276 75

In feces referred for parasite investigation from 1973 patients of the Hospital Clinico Universitario in Salamanca, 27 instances of infestation by Cryptosporidium sp (1.5% of all investigated patients) were detected in 19 children (1.4%) and 8 adults (2.2%). The incidence in patients with antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was 12.5%, in contrast with 1.25% in patients without anti-HIV antibodies. 55.5% of the instances of Cryptosporidium sp infestation were found in children less than 4 years old. The higher incidence was in winter and spring. The association with other enteropathogens was found in 14.8%. Diarrhea and abdominal pain were the most common clinical features of cryptosporidial disease. Chronic diarrhea was found in two adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In immunocompromised children and adults asymptomatic carriers were found. The sensitivity and specificity of immunofluorescence testing with monoclonal antibodies as compared with Ziehl-Neelsen stain for the detection of Cryptosporidium sp oocysts were 100%.
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PMID:[Incidence of Cryptosporidium sp in patients treated in a general hospital. Technics for the identification of oocysts in feces]. 279 44


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