Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pancreatoblastoma is an extremely rare pancreatic tumor in childhood, comprising 0.5% of pancreatic non-endocrine tumors. It mostly affects children of under 8 years old without special sexual predilection. Abdominal mass is the dominant clinical feature and abdominal X-ray, sonography, UGI series, CT scan are of assistance in establishing diagnosis. The presence of acinar cells with zymogen granules, squamous metaplasia and endocrine components makes the diagnosis. We report a case of 4-year-old girl, who suffered from abdominal pain for two months. Abdominal mass was found at our OPD and abdominal sonography, UGI series, CT scan all indicated a parapancreatic tumor. AFP was 4700 ng/ml. Laparotomy confirmed a pancreatic tumor and only partial excision was performed due to tumor invasion and adhesion to major vessels. Diagnosis of pancreatoblastoma was made by pathohistology, cytochemical special stains and electronic microscopic examination of the tumor. Neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy was performed due to family refusal. Then patient followed up at NTUH OPD regularly. Unfortunately patient expired because of the regrowth of residual tumor eight months later.
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PMID:[Pancreatoblastoma: report of one case]. 129 51

A 23-year-old man was admitted with progressively disturbed vision and easy fatigability. CT scans demonstrated an enhanced mass in the sellar region. Physical and endocrinological examinations revealed atrophy of both optic nerves, temporal field cuts in both eyes, and panhypopituitarism. Concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were 12 and 33IU/L, respectively. On November 11, 1987, the tumor was partially removed using the transsphenoidal approach. The histological diagnosis was germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells. Following postoperative craniospinal irradiation (whole brain, 30Gy; local, 18Gy; spinal canal 28Gy), CT scans showed no residual tumor and the HCG levels decreased until they were undetectable. Eighteen months later, the patient complained of abdominal pain. His serum HCG level had increased to 2,554 IU/L. CT scans of the abdomen revealed multiple low density areas in the liver. Chest X-ray was negative. A Ga scintigram disclosed only liver metastasis. Administration of a chemotherapy was started on June 26, 1989. Cisplatin and etoposide in doses of 20mg and 40mg respectively were given for 5 consecutive days in one course. Following four courses of the combined chemotherapy, the tumor entirely disappeared on CT scans and the HCG level returned to normal. The patient is now able to work well without evidence of recurrence. Multiple liver metastases of an intracranial germ cell tumor had been fatal in previous reports. This may be the first case with liver metastases in which the victim is still alive. The present case indicates that combined chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide is effective for extraneural metastases of an intracranial germ cell tumor.
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PMID:[Multiple liver metastases of a suprasellar germ cell tumor treated with combined chemotherapy of cisplatin and etoposide]. 189 Oct 59

Recent concepts and technical development have led to the successful application of the principles of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. In a pilot study we treated five patients with Stage III ovarian cancer after maximal cytoreductive effort (residual tumor less than or equal to 2 cm) with combination chemotherapy consisting of intraperitoneal doxorubicin and intravenous cisplatinum and cyclophosphamide. Although intraperitoneal doxorubicin demonstrates a pharmacologic advantage over the intravenous administration of this drug, its use is limited by severe abdominal pain requiring narcotic analgesics. Chemical peritonitis and extensive peritoneal adhesions are frequent complications. The role of combination intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy in ovarian cancer warrants further study.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal doxorubicin in combination with systemic cisplatinum and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of stage III ovarian cancer. 205 31

Twenty evaluable patients with minimal residual ovarian cancer at second look laparotomy were treated with human recombinant interferon alpha-2b (IFN) intraperitoneally. The dose administered was 50 x 10(6) units once weekly for 8 weeks. Seventeen patients were evaluated by a relaparotomy: five had a pathological complete remission, four a partial response, six patients disease stabilization and two patients had progression. Three patients, two stable and one with clinical progression, had no laparotomy. Nine of the 11 patients with residual tumor smaller than 5 mm had a response, while no response was found in six patients with residuals over 5 mm. The median duration of CR is 11+ months (6-13+ months) after evaluation. For toxicity, 156 treatment cycles could be studied. Fever was seen in 80% of all cycles within 24 h following administration of IFN, in 58 cycles (37%) over 38 degrees C and in 65 cycles (43%) over 39 degrees C. Abdominal pain was slight in 32% and moderate in 3% of all cycles. The peripheral blood leukocyte counts dropped after 52% of all cycles, in 27% below 4.0, in 22% below 3.0, and in one patient below 2.0 x 10(9)/l. IFN dosage was not reduced for leukopenia, but in one patient reduction was necessary for thrombopenia, resulting from insufficient marrow reserve after a previous autologous bone marrow transfusion. Pharmacokinetic studies showed i.p. IFN levels 50-100 times the blood levels. Blood levels were still elevated 2 days after i.p. infusion, but normalized within 1 week on repeated administration. At the second instillation, lower peak serum levels were reached. In conclusion, high doses of i.p. IFN appear to be active in patients with minimal residual disease, with ongoing response in CR patients. Apart from general malaise on the day of treatment, toxicity was acceptable. IFN may be active in patients with minimal residual ovarian cancer through local as well as systemic effects.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal human recombinant interferon alpha-2b in minimal residual ovarian cancer. 214 93

Between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 1983, 817 patients with serous ovarian carcinoma were seen at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Within this population, we identified those patients with normal-sized ovaries (4 cm or less in maximum diameter) and those with papillary serous histology, exclusive of borderline tumors. The 74 patients so identified were classified as having papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum, and form the basis of this report. The average age at diagnosis was 57.4 years. The majority of the patients (90.5%) were white. Common presenting symptoms included abdominal pain (54.9%) and abdominal distention (51.5%). In 89.1% of patients, disease involved the omentum. Clinical response to chemotherapy was seen in 63.6% of the patients; 40.9% of them had partial responses and 22.7% complete responses. At second-look laparotomy, 27.3% of 33 patients demonstrated a surgical complete response, 21.2% had microscopically positive disease only, and 51.1% had grossly positive disease. The median survival for the total group was 24.0 months. Neither patient age nor presence of residual disease after cytoreduction predicted survival. Patients treated with combination chemotherapy fared better than patients treated with single-agent regimens (29.5 versus 16.5 months; P = .01). Patients receiving cisplatin-containing regimens also did better (31.5 versus 19.5 months; P = .02). Among several pathologic characteristics analyzed, only the absence of mitoses predicted improved survival (76.5 versus 21.4-27.0 months; P less than or equal to .05). Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum, though biologically and histologically similar to ovarian carcinoma, is a distinct clinicopathologic entity not uncommonly encountered by the gynecologist.
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PMID:Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum. 229 29

The most common presentation of colorectal carcinoma is in the symptomatic patient, most often with complaints of rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or change in bowel habits. Symptomatic patients often have advanced disease and, because surgical resection is the only effective therapy at present, their chance for cure is poor. Until effective treatment is available, therefore, we must identify patients at high risk for lifelong screening. In addition, more effective means of surveillance of the general population need to be developed in order to diagnose patients at risk for sporadic colorectal cancer, given that this represents the majority of patients with disease. Tumor markers also would be useful to find residual disease while it is still resectable in patients who have undergone surgery for curative resection.
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PMID:Clinical features, evaluation, and detection of colorectal cancer. 306 38

A case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the right kidney is presented. A 78-year-old man was admitted with the complaint of abdominal pain and abdominal fullness on March 15, 1985. Radiological examination showed a giant tumor of the right kidney. Radical nephrectomy and right hemicolectomy were performed. Histological findings were embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney. Residual tumor in the duodenal area recurred and he died of peri-duodenal abscess 2 months after admission. This case is the 17th case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney in Japan. The literature is reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:[Rhabdomyosarcoma of the kidney: report of a case]. 332 38

The intracavitary administration of chemotherapeutic agents for their cytotoxic properties as therapy for tumors confined to body cavities has significant theoretical appeal. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of several clinically useful antineoplastic drugs has confirmed modeling predictions that suggested a major advantage for cavity exposure to the agents compared with that of the plasma when the drugs are delivered directly into the body cavity. As the direct penetration of the agents into tissue is quite limited, the greatest potential utility of this therapeutic approach would be in patients with microscopic residual disease following debulking surgery or as therapy for patients with a high risk of intraperitoneal recurrence. Major toxicities of this innovative technique include abdominal pain (chemical serositis) and infection. Additional clinical evaluation will be required to define a role for cytotoxic intracavitary chemotherapy in the management of malignant disease.
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PMID:Cytotoxic intracavitary chemotherapy. 351 65

Eating related difficulties and symptoms and postprandial serum glucose levels were studied in 11 patients (44 to 70 years old) five to 48 months after total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction for carcinoma of the stomach with no signs of metastasis or residual tumor. Three tests were used. The first contained 150 milliliters of 50 per cent glucose alone, the second had 150 milliliters of 50 per cent glucose with 5 grams of guar gum (viscose dietary fiber) and the third was a vegetable meal containing 75 grams of glucose. All of the patients with total gastrectomy had eating related symptoms, such as dumping and difficulties with the large volume of a meal. They had to eat small meals and the most usually experienced postprandial symptoms were abdominal pain, nausea and faintness. The postprandial serum glucose level was highest after drinking glucose alone and the lowest after eating the vegetable meal (as the highest 9.4 +/- 2.0 and 6.2 +/- 1.6 millimole per liter, respectively, 50 minutes postprandially, p less than 0.01). Hyperglycemia was associated with nausea, sweating, faintness, reduction of blood pressure and increase of pulse rate. The large volume of the vegetable meal produced difficulties (dysphagia and abdominal distension) in eating for everyone except one patient. Guar gum eaten with glucose reduced the postprandial hyperglycemia near to the level found after the vegetable meal. Also, the symptoms experienced after glucose with guar gum reduced from that after glucose alone, five patients became symptomless. Four of these five patients have supplemented guar gum regularly for several months into their daily meals with the result of reduction of the postprandial subjective symptoms. The dose has been adjusted individually from 2 to 7 grams of guar gum three times daily. Loose stools and diarrhea may occur at the beginning. These are avoided by a gradual increase of the dose during an adaptation period of two weeks. Sometimes glucose with guar gum may result in hypoglycemia with prolonged symptoms after immediate hyperglycemia. It is concluded that guar gum gives a possibility to avoid the symptoms related to a large volume of a meal and to reduce those produced by a high glucose content of a meal in patients after total gastrectomy. Guar gum also works in practical prolonged use when the dose is estimated from postprandial symptoms.
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PMID:Postprandial hyperglycemia after different carbohydrates in patients with total gastrectomy. 358 24

Fourteen patients with persistent epithelial ovarian cancer documented at second look laparotomy after combination chemotherapy were treated with 146 cycles of alpha-recombinant interferon (rIFN-alpha 2) administered i.p. The initial dose was 5 X 10(6) units which was escalated weekly to 50 X 10(6) units over 4 weeks and then continued weekly for a total of 16 weeks. Eleven patients underwent surgical reevaluation after therapy which confirmed four pathological complete responses (36%), one partial response (9%), and disease progression in six patients (55%). Five of seven patients (71%) with residual tumor less than 5 mm had a surgically documented response, whereas there was no response in the four patients whose tumors were greater than or equal to 5 mm. Three patients were evaluable for clinical response only: one patient who refused surgery had a complete clinical response with total resolution of ascites; one had stable disease; and one had disease progression. Fever greater than or equal to 38 degrees C was seen in 58%, fever greater than or equal to 39.0 degrees C was seen in 18%, vomiting in 37%, abdominal pain was reported in 22%, and one patient had infectious peritonitis. Peripheral white blood cell counts and i.p. washings were obtained pretreatment and on days 1, 3, and 7 after treatment. While there was no consistent alteration in peripheral white blood cell counts, the numbers of i.p. monocytes and lymphocytes showed a significant boost on day 1 after each dose of rIFN-alpha 2. Natural killer lymphocyte cytotoxicity was elevated in the i.p. cavity fluid obtained from most patients on day 1 after treatment, while blood natural killer lymphocyte cytotoxicity values showed considerable variability. Pharmacokinetic studies show that i.p. levels of rIFN-alpha 2 were 30-1000 times blood levels. rIFN-alpha 2 i.p. may act by increasing concentrations of drug and augmenting regional host cells in patients with minimal residual ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal recombinant alpha-interferon for "salvage" immunotherapy in stage III epithelial ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. 402 27


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