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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Portal vein thrombosis with a patent shunt is a distinct clinical entity which can follow selective distal splenorenal shunt and should be looked for in patients in whom ascites and abdominal pain develop postoperatively. Possible mechanisms include an increase in blood viscosity and a decrease in portal flow which may be aggravated by inadequate devascularization.
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PMID:Thrombosis of the portal vein following distal splenorenal shunt. 31 21

Information from 72 patients from 7 families in England and Wales confirms that hereditary pancreatitis is inherited as an autosomal dominant conditions with limited penetrance. The degree of penetrance is approximately 80%. These patients have had recurrent attacks of abdominal pain starting from childhood or young adult life. The mean age of onset in the 7 families studied was 13.6 years. There were two peaks, with maximum numbers at 5 years and 17 years. The second peak was thought to represent genetically susceptible individuals having pain brought on by alcohol rather than representing evidence of genetic heterogeneity. Five of the 7 families had members with both childhood and adult ages of onset. Only 4 patients out of 72 had life-threatening disease and in the majority of cases the attacks of pain were of nuisance value only. Hereditary pancreatitis was implicated in only 1 patient's death and this was not definite. Patients appear to get better after a period of symptoms usually as they approach middle age, or after a severe attack. In older patients alcohol, emotional upsets, and fatty food appear to precipitate attacks. Pancreatic insufficiency (5.5%), diabetes mellitus (12.5%), pseudocysts (5.5%), and haemorrhagic pleural effusion are uncommon complications. Portal vein thrombosis occurred definitely in 2 patients and was suspected in 3 others. Carcinoma of the pancreas was not found in any of 72 patients studied in detail; however, 2 members from a family not visited personally had chronic pancreatitis and malabsorption going on to carcinoma. They may have suffered from a different disease. Genetic linkage information was too slight for many definite conclusions. However, there was no suggestion of linkage with any of the markers tested.
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PMID:Hereditary pancreatitis in England and Wales. 67 83

The authors report the case of a 51 year-old man, without any personal or familial history of thromboembolism, presenting with abdominal pain. Portal vein thrombosis was demonstrated by ultrasonography and arteriography. The patient had neither esophageal varices or congestive gastropathy. No cause for portal vein thrombosis was detected. Type I protein C deficiency was demonstrated in this patient as well as in his asymptomatic sister. The presence of a (fortuitously?) associated increase in platelet aggregability initially led to a trial regimen of aspirin (300 mg per day); abdominal pain resolved, and a partial regression of portal vein thrombosis was demonstrated on ultrasonograms six months later; no further complications occurred during the 4-year follow-up period. The 13 previously published cases of protein C deficiency-associated portal vein thrombosis are reviewed.
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PMID:[Portal vein thrombosis and hereditary protein C deficiency. Presentation of a case and review of the literature]. 156 46

We describe the case of a 42 year old woman with abdominal pain, ascites, and splenomegaly after having taken dihydroergotamine continuously for three months due to frequent hemicranic episodes. The celiac-mesenteric angiography demonstrated diffuse thrombosis of splenic, superior mesenteric and portal veins. No surgical intervention was possible. We believe that it is possible that dihydroerogotamine, a hydrogenated derivative of ergotamine, inasmuch as it is capable of causing peripheral vasoconstriction, intimal lesions, arterial and venous thrombi, was also the cause of our patient's portal thrombosis. We therefore suggest the minimum effective amount of the drug be utilized to achieve the relief of cephalalgia.
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PMID:A case of portal thrombosis arisen after treatment with dihydroergotamine. 175 20

An emergency liver transplantation was performed in a 22 year-old female for fulminant hepatitis. The donor had had splenectomy with portal vein thrombosis which was diagnosed and removed during portoscopy. Nineteen days later, abdominal pain with shock and hepatic failure occurred. X-rays showed pneumoperitoneum and aeric images in the liver area. Laparotomy disclosed massive liver necrosis with gaz under the Glisson's capsula. The hepatic artery was thrombosed. In spite of emergency retransplantation, the patient died 8 days later, due to systemic aspergillosis. Thrombosis of hepatic artery was particular by the importance of gaz-forming infection, and emphasizes the role of rejection. The discovery of portal thrombosis allows to outline the precautions necessary in case of splenectomized donors. The severeness of aspergillosis is underscored.
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PMID:[Gazeous necrosis of the liver due to hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation]. 176 77

Renal vein thrombosis in early infancy is a complication of dehydration and prolonged hypotension. The onset is usually acute and the most common clinical signs are uni- or bilateral frank masses, hematuria, proteinuria and thrombocytopenia. In most cases, with conservative management, the late outcome is favorable. In the adult, renal vein thrombosis is often a silent complication of the nephrotic syndrome, the hypercoagulability of which may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the thrombosis. Clinically, the presentation of a sudden complete occlusion is that of severe abdominal and lumbar pain with hematuria and loss of function of the kidney that suffers hemorrhagic infarction. Physical examination often reveals an enlarged kidney. With gradual occlusion, renal function is preserved. The initial diagnostic approach is with ultrasound studies and computed tomography; definitive diagnosis is established by renal venography or by selective renal arteriography. In general, a conservative approach including the use of anticoagulant treatment is preferred to surgical intervention. Priapism is a persistent painful penile erection due to ischemic or non-ischemic causes; therapeutic intracavernosal injection of papaverine is becoming the most common cause. In early and mild stages, aspiration of blood from the corpora cavernosa supplemented with intracavernosal irrigation with alpha-stimulating agents is the procedure of first choice; in late and severe ischemia, a shunt procedure may become necessary. Hepatic vein thrombosis occurs in association with a number of conditions considered predisposing factors including the use of oral contraceptives. The clinical picture may be that of an acute illness with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, ascites and hepatic failure as well as early death. More often, the onset is insidious with slowly developing ascites and wasting. For the diagnosis, hepatic scintigraphy may be helpful but, at present, ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance scanning are procedures of choice. There is, as yet, no adequate treatment. A fatal outcome may be prevented by surgical decompression of the congested liver and, in recent years, liver transplantation has been employed. Portal vein thrombosis, in children, is usually considered a complication of umbilical sepsis or a result of a congenital abnormality of the portal vein. In adults, the most frequent causes are hepatic cirrhosis and neoplasia. Clinically, there may be a sudden appearance of ascites with resolution in a symptom-free interval until the onset of other features of portal hypertension occur. Currently, ultrasound real-time imaging supplemented with Doppler capability, computed tomography and magnetic resonance scanning provide the necessary diagnostic information. Variceal hemorrhage is often the first major complication requiring treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Thrombosis in particular organ veins. 268 Aug 53

Three patients developed abdominal pain and abnormal liver enzymes without hyperbilirubinemia, early after autografting for lymphoma. Two had received conditioning therapy with busulfan, cyclophosphamide and continuous infusion etoposide; the other had received busulfan and melphalan. Doppler ultrasound in all cases demonstrated thrombosis of the main portal vein and its branches. In the two patients tested, transient deficiencies in protein C (both cases) and protein S (one case) were observed. One case was chronologically related to anti-fibrinolytic therapy and resolved spontaneously. The other two cases resolved after treatment with low molecular weight heparin. Portal vein thrombosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and liver dysfunction after BMT.
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PMID:Acute portal vein thrombosis after autologous stem cell transplantation. 893 50

Mesenteric vein thrombosis is a rare disorder which can develop rapidly with intestinal infarction or subacutely with abdominal pain due to intestinal ischemia. Despite the availability of modern diagnostic tools, which allow an early diagnosis in most cases, the mortality from this disease has not significantly diminished over the years. The problem is that the syndrome is rare and unusual and the clinical presentation is usually vague or confusing. Particularly in cirrhotic patients, this diagnosis requires the exclusion of several other complications of liver disease, like spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, tense ascites or portal thrombosis. Here, we report the occurrence of acute mesenteric vein thrombosis in two patients with liver cirrhosis. Severe subcontinuous abdominal pain out of proportion to the physical findings and abdominal distension were the major symptoms in both patients. Magnetic resonance imaging in one case and ultrasound scan with color Doppler followed by computed tomography in the other patient confirmed the diagnosis and enabled an appropriate early therapy to be undertaken.
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PMID:Mesenteric vein thrombosis: a rare cause of abdominal pain in cirrhotic patients--two case reports. 949 85

A 28-year-old man was hospitalized with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and low-grade fever. He had a 6-month history of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), and laboratory data showed anaemia and liver dysfunction. An abdominal ultrasonography showed ascites and portal vein thrombosis. After receiving antithrombotic treatment, the portal vein thrombosis did not extend. Portal vein thrombosis is very rare but should be considered when we encounter liver dysfunction associated with PNH as well as hepatic vein thrombosis. Ultrasonography is very useful in detecting portal vein thrombosis and facilitating early diagnosis. Warfarin is very effective in preventing exacerbation of portal vein thrombosis in PNH.
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PMID:Portal vein thrombosis in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. 1035 35

We report a 24 years old female with a Superior Mesenteric and Portal Vein Thrombosis due to an Antithrombin III factor deficiency, associated to oral contraceptive use and smoking. She presented with severe abdominal pain and the diagnosis was reached after surgery with a CT scan. The patient was treated with intravenous heparin and oral anticoagulation, with a good clinical and Doppler endo-sonographic response. One month after the onset, she developed an intestinal occlusion caused by two concentric jejunal stenoses, measuring 2 and 0.7 cm in length and demonstrated with a barium jejunogram. A 35 cm intestinal resection was done and the patient recovered uneventfully. The pathological study showed granulation tissue on both stenotic zones with an ulcer near to the distal stricture, that reached the internal muscularis propria, with subserosal fibrosis. The development of segmental stenosis is a rare complication superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, that must be bore in mind.
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PMID:[Segmental short bowel stenosis after a superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. Report of a case]. 1083 25


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