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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Strongyloides stercoralis, the only helminthic parasite that can complete its life cycle in the human host, is also the only helminthic parasite that has been reported with any frequency in AIDS patients. Symptoms include hives, skin eruptions, abdominal pain, perianal pruitis, diarrhea, and pneumonitis. Diagnosis is made by demonstrating rhabditiform larvae in the stool or female parasitic worms and eggs in the small intestinal mucosa; in disseminated cases, rhabditiform or filariform larvae can be found in liver, heart, lungs, thyroid, kidneys, adrenals, pancreas, lymph nodes, and central nervous system. Successful treatment has been achieved with thiabendazol. Strongyloidiasis is uncommon, but since cell-mediated immunity is important in combatting this organism, and since T-lymphocyte function is impaired in AIDS patients, strongyloidiasis should not be overlooked in the diagnosis of opportunistic illnesses in these individuals.
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PMID:Helminthic infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 324 5

Strongyloidiasis is a human intestinal parasitosis caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. In most cases the infection is subclinical, but rarely, disseminated strongyloidiasis may occur in debilitated or immunocompromised patients, and in those who receive immunosuppressive agents. In this report, we describe an unusual case of severe disseminated strongyloidiasis, with intestinal, pulmonary and neurological manifestations, in a previously healthy male. The onset of the disease was acute with headache and neck stiffness, due to subarachnoid-ventricular haemorrhage. During a protracted clinical course the patient developed diarrhoea, abdominal pain, recurrent paralytic ileus, pneumonitis and respiratory distress, malabsorption and weight loss, diagnosis was delayed due to the complicated course and rarity of the disease. The diagnosis finally established during evaluation for malabsorption by demonstrating larvae of S. stercoralis in the jejunal mucosal biopsy and faeces. Response to mebendazole treatment was prompt with complete recovery and resolution of all systemic manifestations. Early diagnosis and treatment of strongyloidiasis in the intestinal phase is critical in the prevention of dissemination, which may prove lethal due to life-threatening complications.
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PMID:Disseminated strongyloidiasis with uncommon manifestations in Greece. 378 11

A survey was done of Canadians who had been interned by the Japanese during World War II to assess the prevalence of latent infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in this group. Packages containing three mail-in kits and a questionnaire were sent to 992 men, 694 (70%) of whom responded. Larvae were found in the stool specimens of four of the respondents. Examination of stool specimens after formalin-ether concentration was the most successful method of detecting Strongyloides larvae. The Baermann concentration technique yielded negative results in all four men. Three of the four cases of strongyloidiasis were detected after sampling of three fecal specimens. In the fourth case additional specimens were requested on the basis of data derived from the questionnaire. The most frequently cited clinical manifestations were abdominal pain, weight loss, diarrhea and rashes.
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PMID:Strongyloidiasis in Canadian Far East war veterans. 405 98

The small intestine is the usual site of chronic infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. Colonic involvement has generally been seen in the hyperinfection syndrome in immunosuppressed individuals. We describe an immunologically competent female who underwent multiple abdominal operations over a 5-year period for hematochezia and diffuse abdominal pain of obscure etiology. Eosinophilia had been present but never investigated until 1981, at which time stool examination revealed S. stercoralis larvae. Pathological specimens from operations in 1977 and 1981 demonstrated extensive colonic wall invasion with filariform larvae consistent with S. stercoralis. Involvement of other organs was never documented. We believe this case is consistent with chronic colitis due to strongyloidiasis. This entity has not been previously described, and expands the spectrum of this disease.
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PMID:Chronic relapsing colitis due to Strongyloides stercoralis. 665 Jul 30

Fifty-two of 142 (37%) American ex-prisoners of war that worked on the Burma-Thailand Railroad during World War II were found to have previously unrecognized symptomatic Strongyloides stercoralis infections. A characteristic urticarial creeping skin eruption on the abdomen, buttocks and thighs occurred in 92%. Infection was also associated with pruritus ani, abdominal pain, indigestion, heartburn, and diarrhea. Demonstration of larvae in ether-formalin stool concentrates in these chronic low density infections required 5 hours of microscopy per case to detect 90% of positive cases. Therapy with thiabendazole resulted in a clinical cure in 93% and a microscopic cure in 100%; but was associated with frequent side effects. Chronic strongyloidiasis should be considered in veterans of Far East conflicts and in others with intimate soil contact in rural Strongyloides stercoralis-endemic areas who present with recurrent creeping skin eruption, abdominal pain, and eosinophilia.
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PMID:Chronic strongyloidiasis in World War II Far East ex-prisoners of war. 669 84

A case with severe diarrhoea and Strongyloides stercoralis infection is described. Further examination showed that the patient also had abnormal colonization of the duodenum with Hafnia alvei and that this disappeared when the Strongyloides infection was treated with mebendazole. Symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhoea, "skin rash" and malabsorption in association with blood eosinophilia should arouse suspicion of strongyloidiasis.
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PMID:A case with severe diarrhoea and Strongyloides stercoralis infection. 723 12

One hundred and sixty ex-servicemen who had been prisoners of war in south-east Asia during 1942-5 were investigated for infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. Larvae were found in 44 (27.5%) of the men, who had therefore been infected for 34-37 years. Direct microscopy of the faeces was the most successful diagnostic method, giving a positive result in 37 cases (84%); multiple examinations were often necessary. Faecal culture was positive in 30 cases (68%), but examination of duodenal fluid obtained with the string test gave a positive result in only 17 (39%). The mean blood eosinophil count and mean serum IgE concentration were higher in the infected men, though normal values were often found in individual cases. Clinical manifestations of isolated strongyloides infection were analysed by comparing the infected men with control groups of ex-prisoners in south-east Asia without proved strongyloidiasis and ex-prisoners in Europe. Twenty-nine infected men (66%) complained of non-specific urticaria, and 13 (30%) had pathognomonic larva currens. Gastrointestinal symptoms significantly more common in the infected group were diarrhoea, indigestion, lower abdominal pain, pruritus ani, and weight loss (p <0.05-p <0.0005).The study group was thought to be reasonably representative of Allied ex-servicemen imprisoned in south-east Asia during the second world war. Probably there are many thousands of infected persons in several countries. The worm has an unusual ability to multiply, and larvae may spread throughout the body in immunosuppressed subjects.
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PMID:Strongyloidiasis in Allied ex-prisoners of war in south-east Asia. 737 Jun 2

A patient infected with Strongyloides stercoralis presented with hematemesis and abdominal pain mimicking peptic ulcer disease. Radiologic evaluation, however, suggested Crohn's disease of the proximal small intestine. Aspiration of intestinal fluid and a small bowel biopsy lead to a diagnosis of invasive strongyloidiasis. This case is presented and the literature reviewed to demonstrate the protean manifestation of this parasite which commonly involves the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Intestinal strongyloidiasis. A case report and review of the literature. 737 76

Three hundred and thirty-two stool samples were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites including Strongyloides stercoralis. Each sample was processed and examined by direct smear, formalin-ether and Harada and Mori culture methods. Nine parasites were recovered from patients attending Basrah Teaching Hospital, southern Iraq during 1989. The prevalence rate of infection was 64.2%. It was higher in rural (74.2%) than in urban (57.5%) region (p < 0.01). Sex distribution was 120 (36.1%) males and 87 (26.2%) females (p > 0.05). The most common parasites were Blastocystis hominis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Hymenolepis nana and Strongyloides stercoralis. Formalin-ether concentration method was 3.75 times better than the direct smear method in the diagnosis of helminth rather than protozoan infections. The yield obtained by the usage of the Harada and Mori culture method (4.5%) was significantly higher than that obtained by formalin-ether (2.7%) or direct smear (0.3%) methods. Therefore, the Harada and Mori culture method is recommended in patients with undiagnosed diarrhea and where strongyloidiasis is endemic or suspected. Investigation of the relationship between age of the patients and prevalence showed that the prevalence of total intestinal parasites and of Strongyloides alone had essentially levelled off by age 11-20 and 21-30 years old, respectively. Clinical symptoms associated with S. stercoralis infection were diarrhea, anorexia and abdominal pain. Thiabendazole is still a drug of choice in the treatment of strongyloidiasis.
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PMID:Diagnostic methods for intestinal parasites in southern Iraq with reference to Strongyloides stercoralis. 793 41

A 31 year old man from Gambia, resident in the United Kingdom for two years, presented with a two month history of unproductive cough, malaise, weight loss, non-specific abdominal pain, and episodic diarrhoea. Acid alcohol fast bacilli were identified in his sputum, together with Strongyloides stercoralis larvae and Giardia lamblia cysts in his stools. This case illustrates that latent strongyloidiasis can become overt in the presence of tuberculosis, and the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis must be borne in mind in patients who have previously resided in endemic regions.
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PMID:Interrelation of strongyloidiasis and tuberculosis. 806 5


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