Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

12 patients with adverse reactions to foods are discussed, including 1 with biopsy-proven ulcerative proctitis. 10 had predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting) and two had rhinitis and headache. Skin tests (in all but two) and radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) in some patients were negative. All of the patients were challenged in hospital with the offending food, either alone or preceded by a prostaglandin synthetase-inhibiting drug (aspirin, indomethacin or Ibuprofen). In 11 of the 12 patients this premedication prevented both the gastrointestinal and the more remote symptoms. Blood and stool prostaglandin measurements (PGE2 and PGF2 alpha) showed changes which correlated with clinical symptoms and did not occur if one of the inhibiting drugs had been given prior to challenge.
 ...
PMID:Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and food intolerance. 11 24

Eleven consecutive patients with diarrhoea from whose stools campylobacter were isolated were investigated by sigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy. Eight had definite proctitis, and in seven biopsy specimens were abnormal with histological changes ranging from non-specific colitis to gross colitis with goblet-cell depletion and crypt-abscess formation. Nine of the patients passed blood in their stools, and in all but one abdominal pain was a feature of the illness. Severe campylobacter colitis may be clinically, sigmoidoscopically, and histologically difficult to differentiate from ulcerative colitis and is a differential diagnosis in acute colitis.
 ...
PMID:Campylobacter colitis. 43 42

Endoscopic information was obtained for 52 patients with ulcerative proctitis (23 F, 29 H) seen during a ten-year period. The median follow-up was 68 +/- 8 months. During the first referral period (38 patients experienced a first attack), endoscopic particularities were available: inflammation involved the anal mucosa above the dental line (n = 16), the whole circumference of rectal mucosa (n = 19) or the anterior wall exclusively (n = 33). The upper limit was 12.2 +/- 0.6 cm from the anal verge. Inflammatory lesions were higher in circumferencial conditions, when patients were older (late onset disease) but sex and ethnic state did not influence results of endoscopic presentation. Exulcerations or superficial ulcers were visualized in 16 and spontaneous bleeding in 43. Forty-five patients achieved clinical accuracy after 9.4 +/- 1 ms, but 32 only a complete endoscopic remission. Mean number of relapses was 3.6 +/- 0.4; 13 patients experienced a single attack. During relapses, inflammation was stable in 11 of 38 patients. Extension to the rectum in rectosigmoid junction, and sigmoid and above by 6, 14, and 7 patients respectively. After 5 years follow-up, the cumulative risk of further extension was 37 percent and 13 percent, respectively. Low abdominal pain, an family history of ulcerative colitis, and high inflammatory lesions at referral were significantly associated with a higher risk of extension. Cancer did not occur and not surgery was necessary during the follow-up. Idiopathic proctitis is perhaps at the "benign end" of the spectrum of ulcerative colitis. Nevertheless, its endoscopic particularities should be noticed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Idiopathic ulcerative proctitis. Clinical presentation and endoscopic outcome]. 206 Jul 43

Directed to the health care professional, this review covers the current concepts of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) affecting adolescent and young adult women. It defines PID and discusses the magnitude of the problem, risk factors (sexual activity, age, method of contraception, history of previous PID, history of gonococcal of chlamydial lower genital tract infection, and uterine instrumentation), etiologic agents (N. gonorrhea, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, chlamydia trachomatis, genital mycoplasmas, and other pathogens), pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory features, diagnostic evaluation, differential diagnosis, treatment, and sequelae. The Centers for Disease Control define acute PID as "the acute clinical syndrome (unrelated to pregnancy or surgery) attributed to the ascent of microorganisms from the vagina and endocervix to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and/or contiguous structures." The true incidence and prevalence of PID in women is uncertain. Recent data show an increase to 267,200 in the average annual number of hospitalizations for PID during the 1975-81 period for women 15-44 years of age. PID occurs rarely in sexually inactive women. The large number of PID cases among adolescents reflects in part the high proportion of sexually active females in that group. The risk of developing PID in sexually active females is inversely related to age; 1/3 of all patients in Westrom's series were 19 years of age or younger at the time of their 1st PID episode, and 69% of all women with PID were younger than 25 years. Women who have had 1 episode of PID have a 20-25% chance of developing subsequent episodes. A large series of PID cases verified by laparoscopy has shown that only a small proportion of patients (3%) present with a severe clinical illness. Low abdominal pain is the most common symptom and may be present for variable periods of time prior to diagnosis. Other common symptoms include vaginal discharge (55%), irregular vaginal bleeding (36%), urinary symptoms (19%), nausea and vomiting (10%), and proctitis symptoms (7%). The major goals of therapy in PID are to prevent infertility and other long-term sequelae. About 15% of patients fail to respond to initial antibiotic therapy, 20% experience recurrences, 20% develop involuntary infertility, and 8% of post-PID patients who conceive have an ectopic pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment reduces the risk of residual tubal damage.
 ...
PMID:Acute pelvic inflammatory disease. 360 34

Sixteen patients with diarrhea due to Campylobacter jejuni seen within a one-year period at a general hospital were studied to review the clinical and pathological features of this illness. Campylobacter jejuni causes an acute diarrheal illness often associated with fever, delayed-onset hematochezia, and severe abdominal pain. Roentgenographically, one may see colonic and ileal ulceration. Sigmoidoscopically, the rectal appearance is similar to that from acute idiopathic ulcerative colitis, while rectal biopsy specimens show preservation of glandular architecture and a range of focal inflammatory changes. These changes are most severe in patients with a history of frank blood in stool, provided the specimens are taken within the first week of illness. No correlation between stool frequency, abdominal pain, or fever and the severity of proctitis in rectal biopsy specimens can be drawn, which suggests that the pathogenic determinants for thesse clinical manifestations may not be in the rectum, but higher in the colon or in the small intestine.
 ...
PMID:Campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis. A clinicopathologic study. 689 34

In the first year after establishing a gastroenterological center in a vineyard and industrial district with 220.000 inhabitants we examined 1.171 patients. In 36.53% we had diseases in the lower gastrointestinal tract excluding proctological disturbances. We could find out 37 cases of colitis ulcerosa and 42 colorectal cancers. Excluding two cancers in colon transversum and ascendens all the tumors were found by coloscopy. Previously 4 cases of colitis ulcerosa were identified by other methods, clinically or by rectoscopy. In 48.6% of the colitis ulcerosa the transfer was done by reason of blood in the feces. The melaena lingers between 1 month and 10 years. Other presumed diagnoses for transfer to our Institute were gastroenteritis, proctitis, hemorrhoids, fissure or ileitis terminalis Crohn. In some rare cases the supposed diagnosis was salmonellosis or mycosis of the intestinum. In colorectal cancers the main reason for special gastroenterological investigation was the addition of blood to stool, whether microscopically or visible. Abdominal pain or ileus were following in frequency. Clinical symptoms were to be reconstructed in 30.9% for six weeks, in 59% for six months and in 9.5% up to one year. Most of the colorectal tumors (85.7%) were localized distal from splenic colonflexur, mostly in the rectosigmoid and colon descendens (see figure 1). Ambulant coloscopy is a method for quickly and definitive clarification, if the practitioner will refer swiftly.
 ...
PMID:[Ambulant coloscopy in colitis ulcerosa and colorectal cancer]. 727 61

Fifteen patients with ischemia of the colon are presented. The majority showed a similar clinical presentation with hematochezia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in an elderly patient population having associated disease. Colonoscopy was abnormal in all patients studied. Three endoscopic stages were recognized; (1) acute stage characterized by petechiae, pallor, and hyperemia; (2) subacute stage consisting of ulceration and exudation; and (3) chronic stage characterized by stricture, decrease in haustrations, and mucosal granularity. Conventional barium enemas were abnormal and suggested ischemic colitis in six of 15 patients. Rigid proctoscopy was normal or demonstrated nonspecific proctitis in 12 of 15 patients studied. Colonoscopic biopsies demonstrated superficial inflammatory changes in all patients. Thirteen patients had complete mucosal healing endoscopically in 2 weeks to 3 months with stricture developing in four patients. Because ischemic colitis is a distinct subtype of ischemic bowel disease most often limited to the superficial mucosa, colonoscopy is an alternative and usually safe modality in the diagnosis of this entity and proved more accurate that conventional x-ray and proctoscopy.
 ...
PMID:Colonoscopy in ischemic colitis. 729 23

We present four unusual colonic complications of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia which occurred during the early induction period of chemotherapy. These included a transverse colitis, a haemorrhagic proctitis, a caeco-colic intussusception and an ileo-colic intussusception complicating typhlitis. Although complications are rare, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in children undergoing chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Colonic complication of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 819 90

The onset and course of ulcerative colitis diagnosed in 38 children at or before 10 years of age were reviewed. The mean age at onset was 5.9 years. A family history of inflammatory bowel disease was present in 24% of patients, and 13% had a history of cow milk allergy in infancy. Initially, by radiologic or colonoscopic studies, 71% had total colonic disease, 13% had left-sided colitis, and 6% had proctitis; extensive examination was not performed in 4 patients. Four patients (11%) presented with severe colitis, 14 (37%) with moderate colitis, and 20 (53%) with mild colitis. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (94%), diarrhea (84%), and rectal bleeding (84%). Between 2 and 10 years after diagnosis, 89% of children had total colonic disease and 11% had left-sided disease. All four patients with severe disease at onset responded to medical therapy with one having a colectomy 15 years later with pathology consistent with Crohn's disease. Of those with moderate disease, half had infrequent moderate recurrences and half had intermittent mild disease. One patient had colectomy at 21 years for intractable disease. Of the 20 with mild disease, 16 continued to have intermittent mild recurrences, 1 had chronic mild disease, 2 had moderate recurrent disease, and 1 has remained asymptomatic for 5 years. Psychiatric disturbances requiring therapy were identified in 5 (13%) children. Results are encouraging: after the first 2 years of illness, two thirds of the children have had subsequent mild colitis with infrequent relapses and three quarters consider their life to be of good quality.
 ...
PMID:Ulcerative colitis in children 10 years old or younger. 857 7

Lymphal follicular rectitis (LFR) recognized in recent years is a kind of benign lesion localizing in rectum. The lack of specific clinical and endoscopic manifestation causes the difficulty in its diagnosis. It was easily confused with ulcerative rectitis, even there were some cases which were misdiagnosed malignant rectal lymphoma. A retrograde analysis was made in our study in the 176 cases of pathologically diagnosed chronic rectitis between January 1993 and July 1994 in our hospital. Among the 176 cases, 20 were certain to be LFR (2 formerly diagnosed, 18 confirmed in the retrograde study). Endoscopic manifestations are as following: (1) granuliform proliferation, eminence and roughness can be seen in rectal mucosa with hyperemia, edema and vague vessels. The lesion is either diffused or localized. (2) single or multiple smooth polypoid apperances can be observed in rectal mucosa, which are 0.2-0.4 cm in diameter, and its pathological characteristics under microscope are: obvious lymphal follicular hyperplasia in the mucosa. A protecting zone and clear reactive germinal center in the hyperplastic follicules, coalescence of follicules occupying more than half of the lamina propria, a large amount of lymphocytes, some are in karyokinesis phase, some infiltrate the mucosa musculis and vessels proliferation in the hyperplastic lymphal tissue, scattered plasma cells, no neutrophil, no eosinophil and no abscess, which is quite different from ulcerative rectitis. Clinical manifestations of the group include: 7 intermittent hematochezia, 4 abdominal pain associated with alternative constipation and diarrhea, 2 mucous stool, 1 tenesmus, 1 pyohemofecia, 2 abdominal distension and 6 asymptomatic. From our study, the diagnosis of LFR mainly depends on its endoscopic polymorphic characteristics and specific histopathologic appearences. And it is important to differentiated LFR from other rectal diseases with lymphal tissue proliferation.
 ...
PMID:[A clinical and pathological analysis of 20 cases of lymphal follicular rectitis]. 938 55


1 2 3 Next >>