Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thalidomide has several mechanisms of action: a hypnosedative effect, several immuno-modulatory properties and an anti-angiogenic action. Thalidomide has been used in several cutaneous inflammatory disorders (such as erythema nodosum leprosum in lepromatous leprosy, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, severe aphtosis), cancers (relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma) and inflammatory conditions. Several side effects are associated with thalidomide: teratogenicity, peripheral neuropathy and deep venous thrombosis; some are minor, such as somnolence or abdominal pain and endocrinologic disturbances. Use of thalidomide is strictly controlled with close adherence to a birth control program and close monitoring for early development of peripheral neuropathy.
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PMID:[Thalidomide: new indications for an old drug]. 1593 72

Patients diagnosed with abdominal pain related to mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) may benefit from splanchnic nerve blockade. MNGIE, varying in age of onset and rate of progression, is caused by loss of function mutation in thymidine phosphorylase gene. Gastrointestinal dysmotility, pseudo-obstruction and demyelinating sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy (stocking-glove sensory loss, absent tendon reflexes, distal limb weakness, and wasting) are the most prominent manifestations. Patients usually die in early adulthood (mean 37.6 years; range 26-58 years). We report a case of an 18-year-old patient with MNGIE. Our patient's abdominal pain was relieved after splanchnic nerve blockade.
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PMID:Abdominal pain related to mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy syndrome may benefit from splanchnic nerve blockade. 1697 39

Thalidomide has several mechanisms of action: several immuno-modulatory properties, an anti-angiogenic action and a hypnosedative effect. Thalidomide has been used in several cutaneous inflammatory disorders (such as erythema nodosum leprosum in lepromatous leprosy, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, severe aphtosis), cancers (relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma) and inflammatory conditions. Several side effects are associated with thalidomide; some are major: teratogenicity, peripheral neuropathy and deep venous thrombosis; some are minor, such as somnolence or abdominal pain and endocrinologic disturbances. Use of thalidomide is strictly controlled with close adherence to a birth control program and close monitoring for early development of peripheral neuropathy.
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PMID:[The revival of thalidomide: an old drug with new indications]. 1727 97

Benjamin Franklin's seemingly endless curiosity and his prolific contributions in diplomacy, politics, literature, and science may well justify calling him the most eminent man in eighteenth-century American life. One portion of these contributions still striking for the insights and productivity it shows was in medicine. He saw the value in inoculation against smallpox. He was aware of the placebo effect. He, in effect, launched the first American medical school. He devised a flexible urethral catheter. He identified lead poisoning as a cause of abdominal pain and peripheral neuropathy. He accurately described psoriasis well before RobertWillan. These contributions in medicine of his time were not then notably influential, but they certainly illustrate the versatility of his intellect.
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PMID:Benjamin Franklin's place in the history of medicine. 1844 3

A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed with leucopenia in 2002, being antinuclear antibody, anti-DNA antibody, and antiphospholipid antibody positive, and she was administered low-dose aspirin. In July 2006, she was admitted to our hospital because of pyrexia and abdominal pain. Examination revealed paralytic ileus, absence of the pupillary light reflex, dyshidrosis and anuresis. In addition, with high-level interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid, the sensory nerve conduction velocity was derivation impotence. She was subsequently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with central nervous system involvement, peripheral neuropathy as well as acute pan-dysautonomia. After pulse corticosteroid therapy, paralytic ileus was improved, however, the urination disorder persisted, and syncope due to orthostatic hypotension became marked. Plasma exchange and a second course of pulse corticosteroid therapy were performed, and were ineffective, whereas intravenous cyclophosphamide was effective. This patient is a rare case of central nervous system, peripheral neuropathy as well as acute pan-dysautonomia with SLE.
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PMID:Acute pan-dysautonomia as well as central nervous system involvement and peripheral neuropathies in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 1855 52

This case report describes a three-year survivor case by weekly paclitaxel, who had peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer resistant to methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil therapy. A 62-year-old female with massive ascites, abdominal pain, and difficulty in eating received a weekly paclitaxel schedule which consisted of a 1-hour infusion of paclitaxel (70 mg/m(2)) given once a week for three weeks followed by a 1-week rest, repeated every four weeks. Short course premedication was given 30 minutes prior to paclitaxel. The administrations could be performed on an outpatient basis with transient grade 3 neutropenia requiring no specific medication. Neither hypersensitivity reactions nor peripheral neuropathy developed. A dramatic disappearance of ascites and relief of abdominal pain, as well as a rapid recovery of food intake enabled the patient to be withdrawn from nutritional support through central venous catheter, indicating this schedule's contribution to improve her quality of life. A three-year survival from the commencement of weekly paclitaxel without evidence of relapse was confirmed. Weekly paclitaxel was based on the dose-dense concept, where cumulative paclitaxel exposures by frequent, repetitive administration have a more potent antitumor effect than higher dose 21-day schedule. Encouraging aspects in the weekly paclitaxel schedule in this report are that the survival time is considered to be satisfactorily long as compared with those of other case reports in the literature achieved by a convenient outpatient use with acceptable toxicities, leading to a comprehensive contribution to improve patient quality of life.
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PMID:A three-year survivor case of gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination--an outpatient with second-line weekly paclitaxel. 1863 34

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an inherited metabolic disease that can affect the autonomic, peripheral and central nervous systems. Pancreatic diseases assocated with AIP is rarely reported. We report here a 60-year-old non-alcoholic male who had typical manifestations of AIP, including abdominal pain, constipation, tachycardia, hypertension, mental disturbances, psychiatric manifestations, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, and excessive excretion of porphyrin precursors in urine. Increases of serum amylase and lipase, as well as mild pancreatic edema on ultrasonography, were noted during the acute attack of AIP, suggesting concomitant acute pancreatitis. In this patient, brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed reversible multifocal cerebral lesions resembling a posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) during the acute attack of AIP. Because the clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis could be present with an acute attack of AIP, early confirmation of diagnosis is mandatory to effectively manage the attack and avoid inappropriate treatment.
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PMID:Acute intermittent porphyria presenting as acute pancreatitis and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. 1897 24

Most patients with hepatic porphyria exhibit neuropsychiatric symptoms, including abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, confusion, insomnia and mental disturbances such as anxiety and depression. Although heme deficiency and accumulation of heme precursors are thought to be responsible for neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with acute porphyria, the pathogenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we observed psychiatric behaviors in mice with hepatic porphyria induced by the ingestion of a griseofulvin (GF)-containing diet over a period of 12 weeks. GF ingestion by the mice caused an accumulation of porphyrins in the feces and a decrease in heme in the liver; these effects were observed throughout the entire duration of the experiment, with maximum levels observed after circa 1 week of ingestion of this diet. In addition, the mice developed enlargement of the liver, hepatocyte injury, and cholestasis. Mice with hepatic porphyria manifested an anxiety-like behavior by the long-term treatment (over 5 weeks) in a GF-dose and duration dependent manner. The hepatic porphyria mice also manifested depression-like behaviors by the short-term treatment (3 weeks) of GF2.0, which was reversed by administration of anti-depressant, imipramine. In conclusion, this study for the first time demonstrated psychiatric manifestations in GF-induced hepatic porphyria mice. The present results suggest that model animals could be useful for elucidating the mechanisms underlying psychiatric manifestations in syndromes such as hepatic porphyria and hepatic encephalopathy that are associated with the impairment of hepatic function.
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PMID:Manifestation of psychiatric behaviors in a mouse model of griseofulvin-induced hepatic porphyria. 1904 81

The porphyrias are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal heme biosynthesis. Although all subtypes are rare, acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is the most common form of the neuroporphyrias. Abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, and changes in cognitive function are the classical triad of an acute porphyric attack but the variability of the symptoms may interfere with the diagnosis of AIP. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of acute porphyric attacks, however, can be fatal or may cause long-term or permanent neurological damage. We hereby report a case of 45-year-old male with suicide attempt because of his psychotic symptoms during an AIP attack.
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PMID:An unusual suicide attempt: a case with psychosis during an acute porphyric attack. 1926 6

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an inherited metabolic disease due to a deficiency of the hydroxymethylbilane synthase in the haem biosynthesis. It manifests with occasional neurovisceral crises due to overproduction of porphyrin precursors such as aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) which is released from the liver to the circulation. The majority of the acute attacks manifest as a combination of abdominal pain, mild mental symptoms and autonomic dysfunction mainly due to vagal insufficiency. However, both acute peripheral neuropathy and encephalopathy may develop if an acute attack proceeds especially due to administration of porphyrinogenic drugs. Acute porphyric neuropathy is predominantly motor and associates with a history of abdominal pain and dysautonomia, CNS involvement and mild hepatopathy. Other features include preservation of achilles reflexes while global hyporeflexia and neuropathic or myalgic pain. The pathogenesis of porphyric neuropathy is complex but overproduction of ALA via direct neurotoxicity, oxidative damage, and modification of glutamatergic release may initiate the neuronal damage. Acute encephalopathy manifests as a combination of mental symptoms, seizures, SIADH, but rarely focal CNS deficits. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which has been found in patients' MRI during an acute attack with severe encephalopathy, could explain the pathogenesis of encephalopathy and seizures in AIP. Neurological manifestations are unspecific and careful interpretation of abnormal excretion of porphyrin precursors should be done before the symptoms can be related to inherited acute porphyrias and not to secondary porphyrinuria. Currently the prognosis of neuropathy and encephalopathy in AIP is good even in severe attacks, but physicians should be aware of a potentially fatal outcome of the disease.
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PMID:Neurological manifestations of acute intermittent porphyria. 1926 5


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