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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight sailors on board the Asiafreighter were exposed to arsine that had escaped from a cylinder in the cargo hold. Four suffered severe toxicity and within a few hours had developed fever, weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and haemoglobinuria. These patients had pronounced intravascular haemolysis, which in one patient was complete. This patient was also stuporose and anoxic, a condition attributed to failure of oxygen transport and sludging of red cell debris in the cerebral and pulmonary circulations, but he regained a normal level of consciousness after exchange transfusion. Evidence of marrow depression was present: the reticulocyte response to the haemolysis was poor and there was a thrombocytopenia. All four patients developed renal failure, one being totally anuric for five weeks. Two patients developed peripheral neuropathy, and one was still severely disabled six months after the incident. The other four patients had a similar, though less severe, illness.
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PMID:Arsine toxicity aboard the Asiafreighter. 16 42

Sudden permanent blindness of cerebral origin, in addition to severe abdominal pain, hypertension, convulsions, and peripheral neuropathy developed in a 21-year-old woman, a victim of acute intermittent porphyria. Findings of the pathological examination of the brain showed extensive infarction in both occipital lobes. The pathological changes were consistent with anoxia. We discuss and review the literature of the possibility of "vasospasm" of both posterior cerebral arteries. Follow-up studies with serial EEG showed either focal epileptogenic activity or diffuse slow waves. The most consistent epileptic discharges were found in the occipital regions. The favorable response to the treatment of seizures with carbamazepine in this patient might encourage further clinical trials.
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PMID:Blindness of cerebral origin in acute intermittent porphyria. Report of a case and postmortem examination. 19 74

Two patients presented with similar peripheral neuropathic symptoms. Muscle denervation was shown by electromyography and muscle biopsy. Motor and sensory nerve conduction studies were normal. Both patients had intestinal giardiasis: 1 had asymptomatic steatorrhoea, and the other had diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Treatment with metronidazole abolished the gastrointestinal symptoms. After a delay of several months the neurological symptoms also gradually improved. No other cause of peripheral neuropathy was apparent on investigation, and the relationship between the intestinal giardiasis and the peripheral neuropathy is discussed.
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PMID:Intestinal giardiasis, steatorrhoea and peripheral nerve dysfunction. 21 1

Four patients with chronic non-specific ulcerative duodenojejunoileitis (CNSUDJI) are reported. The clinical picture included abdominal pain, fever, and a malabsorption syndrome. Main rediological findings were diffuse narrowing of the jejunal loops with total effacement of the mucosal folds. Multiple peroral biopsies of the small intestine showed various degrees of mucosal abnormalities from total villous atrophy to normal villi, but ulcerations were diagnosed only by operative full thickness biopsies or resection of the small bowel. The ulcerative process was associated with well-documented coeliac disease in two patients: in one of them it occurred as a fatal complication involving also the colon, three years after the start of a gluten free diet, while the disease was in full clinical and histological remission. In the other case, coeliac disease was revealed by obstructive symptoms due to stenosing ulcerations; five months after surgical resection of the stenosis, institution of a gluten free diet induced a dramatic improvement. In the two other patients ulcerations were not associated with coeliac disease: one of them had a patchy villous atrophy and resisted a gluten free diet and total parenteral nutrition; she was improved by and dependent upon steroids but finally died. The last patient had normal villous height; ulcerations were located exclusively along the mesenteric border of the small bowel; he had a low-grade protracted evolution resisting any form of therapy and developed a peripheral neuropathy of unknown aetiology. On the basis of our cases and of a review of the literature the discussion focuses on the difficulty in diagnosing CNSUDJI, its relationship with coeliac disease, and its management and prognosis.
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PMID:Chronic non-specific ulcerative duodenojejunoileitis: report of four cases. 44 13

In 17 patients (15 women, 2 men) with acute intermittent porphyria in the incidence of 23 clinical symptoms during 49 attacks was calculated. The most frequent symptoms in percentage of attacks were: Red colour of the urine 100%, abdominal pain 92%, tachycardia 88%, hypertension 75%, vomiting 54%, peripheral neuropathy 50%. In 35% of acute attacks a transient normochromic, normocytic anemia developed which is probably due to a disturbance of heme synthesis. Oliguria was found in 25%, azotemia in 12.5% of attacks. 4 patients with an average of 5 preceding acute attacks showed a persistent reduction of renal function during the symptom-free interval, in contrast to 12 patients with an average of 1.7 previous attacks and normal renal function. During the observation period from 1960-1974 3 (= 18%) of the 17 patients died.
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PMID:[Acute intermittent porphyria: report on 17 patients with 49 attacks (author's transl)]. 99 30

Results of Yusho annual inspection were reviewed from the view point of correlation of PCBs, PCQs and PCDFs concentration in blood or subcutaneous adipose tissue and clinical findings. To make discussion quantitative, fifteen terms of clinical findings on Yusho disease were quantified on the severity by evaluating (+) as 2 points, (+-) as 1 point and (-) as 0 point. First, the temporal variations of the severity of clinical findings on 5 Yusho patients were figured. Additionally, the temporal variations of blood triglyceride and PCBs concentration, and GOT were also surveyed. The adopted terms of clinical findings were general malaise, cough, sputum, headache, abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, soreness of joints, deformity of nails, comedo formation, acne-like eruption, secondary infection, scar formation, disorder of Meibomian glands, edema of eye lids and increased discharge from the eyes. During the investigated period from 1972 to 1988 the total score of clinical findings clearly decreased on two patients who had high score, tended to decrease on two other patients, and was not clear on another patient. Secondly, the correlation coefficients were calculated between each of PCDFs, PCBs or PCQs concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue or blood and the total score at the year in which the adipose tissue and blood were taken. For the female patients the correlation coefficient of PCDFs concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue and total score of clinical findings was the highest of all (r = 0.9885). However, for the male patients it was not available because the number of the subjects was only two. Thus far it has been reported that the powers of PCBs gas chromatogram pattern and PCQs concentration as criteria for Yusho diagnosis are low as for the subjects who belonged to the border area between Yusho patients and normal persons. This survey suggests that PCDFs concentration in subcutaneous adipose tissue can be a potent criterion that has a high correlation with the clinical findings of Yusho.
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PMID:[Studies on the application of residual PCBs, PCQs and PCDFs concentrations to Yusho diagnosis]. 191 1

We have studied fifty cases of thallium intoxication during the past nine years. Twenty-eight occurred in women and twenty-two in men. One of the patients was a new born whose mother had this type of intoxication during her third trimester of pregnancy. The ages varied from one day to 84 years and in all cases the source of thallium was ingestion of rat poison, except for the baby who received it across the placenta and an other patient whose source was transdermal. Twenty-three of the cases of intoxication were accidental, twenty-one were suicidal attempts and five were homicidal. One case did not know the source of intoxication. Thallium levels were measured in the urine of all the patients, some were measured in blood, as well as cerebrospinal fluid. The main clinical manifestation was a mixed type of severe peripheral neuropathy, with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and alopecia and some cases had psychiatric manifestations. Electrophysiological studies and nerve biopsy examined with electron microscopy in three patients. Magnetic nuclear resonance, computerized axial tomography of the abdomen and cranium were performed in two patients. There was only one death and the rest of the patients recovered almost completely. Pathophysiology and pharmacological management of this type of neurointoxication are revised.
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PMID:[Thallium poisoning. Experience with 50 patients]. 210 58

Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin display marked therapeutic synergy in preclinical models and are effective in the treatment of a number of solid tumors when combined and administered intravenously (IV). Each drug has also been administered intraperitoneally (IP) and displays a favorable pharmacologic profile and acceptable clinical toxicity. We therefore undertook a phase I study to determine the feasibility and toxicity of combination IP chemotherapy with these agents. Thirty-one patients with histologically documented malignancy confined to the peritoneal space were treated with cisplatin 90 mg/m2 mixed with 5-FU in 2 L of lactated Ringer's solution and given IP for 4 hours every 28 days. Cohorts of at least three patients received starting 5-FU concentrations ranging from 5 mmol/L (1,300 mg in 2 L) to 20 mmol/L. The dose-limiting toxicity was neutropenia with a median granulocyte nadir of 156 cells per microliter occurring at a 5-FU dose of 20 mmol/L. Intrapatient escalation of the 5-FU dose was permitted and 15 cycles of chemotherapy were delivered at 5-FU concentrations greater than 20 mmol/L, the highest concentration being 30.7 mmol/L (8 g of 5-FU in 2L). Other toxicities included mild to moderate nausea during all cycles of therapy, vomiting in 54% of cycles, and diarrhea in 15% of cycles. Abdominal pain, renal dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, and oral mucositis occurred infrequently and were not related to the 5-FU dose. Peritoneal fluid and plasma 5-FU concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in selected patients. Mean peak plasma 5-FU concentrations ranged from 6.19 mumol/L to greater than 60 mumol/L, and peritoneal fluid to plasma 5-FU area under the curve (AUC) ratios ranged from 85 to 1,150. Nine of 15 patients with nonbulky disease had resolution of malignant ascites or at least a 50% reduction of peritoneal studding by tumor at repeat laparotomy. We conclude that combination IP chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-FU is technically feasible and has acceptable clinical toxicity and a favorable pharmacologic profile. The recommended starting 5-FU dose for phase II trials is 3,900 mg mixed with 90 mg/m2 of cisplatin in 2 L of isotonic fluid.
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PMID:Phase I clinical and pharmacologic study of intraperitoneal cisplatin and fluorouracil in patients with advanced intraabdominal cancer. 223 Aug 97

Forty-four patients with advanced, measurable, epithelial carcinoma of the ovary were treated with 97 courses of N-methylformamide (N-MF) at doses ranging from 600-800 mg/m2, intravenously, daily for 5 days every 28 days. Forty-one patients had prior surgery and had received one prior chemotherapy regimen. Only seven patients had received any prior radiation therapy. All patients were Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2. Three partial responses were seen. Hematologic adverse effects were extremely rare as predicted by early clinical trials. One major toxicity was a syndrome consisting of some combination of myalgias, arthralgias, pleuritic pain, abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, anorexia, lethargy, and declining performance status (pain-lethargy syndrome) that was reversible with discontinuation of the drug. This adverse effect was as common a reason as hepatic toxicity for discontinuation of N-MF. As reported in previous studies with this drug, hepatic toxicity was also common, usually reversible, and also a cause for discontinuation of the drug. The low level of clinical activity and the unpleasant adverse effects in this population of patients with previously treated ovarian cancer makes it unlikely that this drug will play any significant role in treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Phase II study of N-methylformamide (N-MF) (NSC 3051) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 238 5

Oral ciprofloxacin was used at doses ranging from 500 mg to 1500 mg twice daily for 15 to 476 (mean 139) days for treatment of acute or chronic osteomyelitis in 38 patients, and acute arthritis in two. Clinical efficacy could be evaluated in 34 patients; 22 had resolution of their osteomyelitis, five improved and there were seven failures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the causative agent in 28 patients. It was eradicated in 22 patients, persisted but remained sensitive to ciprofloxacin in three and persisted with emergence of resistance to ciprofloxacin in three. Nineteen other pathogens, five Gram-negative and 14 Gram-positive, were isolated. Of those, one strain of Staphylococcus aureus, two of Staph. epidermidis and three of Streptococcus faecalis remained sensitive to ciprofloxacin during treatment. In one patient, Slr. faecalis persisted with emergence of resistance to ciprofloxacin. Ten adverse events related to ciprofloxacin treatment were observed in nine patients; two phototoxic reactions, two cases of impaired colour vision, and one each of exanthema, abdominal pain, malaise, drug fever, peripheral neuropathy and eosinophilia. In three patients the adverse events led to treatment discontinuation. In conclusion, ciprofloxacin seems to offer an oral alternative to injectible antibiotics in patients with osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including Ps. aeruginosa.
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PMID:Therapy of acute and chronic gram-negative osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin. Report from a Swedish Study Group. 305 54


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