Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Duodenal diverticulosis is not a rare condition. Usually of little clinical significance, it can produce a variety of disorders such as malabsorption, hemorrhage, diverticulitis, and obstruction. The rarest complication appears to be enterolith formation and obstruction. The case presented is a 70-year-old woman with the chief complaints of intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting. At laparotomy, duodenal diverticulitis and one enterolith obstructing the distal ileum were found. The literature review presents the other 26 cases with small bowel obstruction due to an enterolith formed within a small bowel diverticulum. The diagnosis can be established only by documenting the normalcy of the gallbladder and the presence of duodenal or jejunal diverticula.
 ...
PMID:Enterolith ileus as a complication of duodenal diverticulosis--one case report and review of the literature. 823 Mar 70

In the period 1968-1989 50 patients, 38 women and 12 men, aged 30-76 years, median 58 years, were referred to the Department of Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet for severe chronic radiation enteropathy. Most women had received radiation for gynaecological cancer, and most men for urogenital cancer. The initial symptoms of the enteropathy were diarrhoea in 74%, abdominal pain in 62% and weight loss in 52%. Twelve per cent had visible blood in the stools. Ten per cent had fistulas. The symptoms occurred 0-37 years, median ten months after the radiation. The radiation enteropathy had necessitated one or more laparotomies in 35 patients, most often because of subileus/ileus, including resection of the small bowel or the colon in 25 patients, and establishment of an ileostomy or a colostomy in 11. Seven patients developed new fistulas postoperatively. In 32 patients one or more tests for malabsorption were performed as a guidance for therapy: stool mass (26 patients), faecal fat excretion (26 patients), Schilling test (22 patients), lactose absorption (11 patients) and bile acid breath test (seven patients). Half of the patients had diarrhoea, including one third of the patients without intestinal resection. Two thirds had steatorrhoea, including half of the patients without small bowel resection. Three fourths showed decreased absorption of vitamin B12, including half of the patients without ileal resection. All patients studied had abnormal deconjugation of bile acids and more than half of them had bile acid malabsorption. Malabsorption of lactose was found in only one patient. There was no correlation between the radiological and functional abnormalities of the small intestine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Chronic radiation enteropathy. A retrospective study]. 827 44

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of lactose malabsorption in a population of 75 (43 males, 32 females) apparently healthy school-children using the H2 breath test with cow's milk. The children, ranging in age from 8 years and 6 months to 15 years and 2 months (mean: 11 years, 7 months) were divided into 2 age groups: Group I (no. = 26): age < 11 years and Group II (no. = 49): age > 11 years. After on overnight fasting, lasting at least 8 hours, samples of expired air were collected at 0 time and at 30-min intervals following the administration of 250 ml cow's milk for a total time of 3 hours. The H2 breath concentration was then measured by gas chromatography (Micro-Lyzer Quintron Instruments Company mod. 12). A net rise of more than 20 ppm H2 was considered as lactose malabsorption. Subjects with symptoms such as excessive flatulence, abdominal pain, or diarrhoea, were considered as lactose intolerant. Two-hundred and 50 ml of cow's milk (12 g of lactose) was considered a more physiological vehicle than the traditional lactose aqueous solution. The examined children, all on free diet, showed a fasting alveolar from 0 to 43 ppm (mean +/- SD = 7.9 +/- 7.6). Sixty-six children out of 70 (93.3%), who completed the test had a total absorption of lactose. Two out of 4 children with lactose malabsorption originated from areas (East Africa and Central America), where a high incidence of this metabolic disorder is a characteristic findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Prevalence of lactose malabsorption in Roman school children. A H2 breath test study using a cow's milk]. 830 22

We describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of three patients with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and malabsorption. The patients were young women (average age, 25 years) who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss that led to extreme inanition and death in two patients despite multiple treatment schemes. The evolution of the process averaged 8 years. No case manifested evidence of malignant lymphoproliferative progression. Histologically, a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate that affected all the layers of the intestinal wall was observed in full-thickness biopsy specimens. The proliferating lymphocytes were small and mixed with mature plasma cells that proved to be polyclonal on immunohistochemical analysis. An outstanding finding in all three cases was extensive damage to submucosal and myenteric nerve plexus associated with a lymphoid infiltrate. Quantification of the myenteric plexus by using immunohistochemical and morphometric techniques also revealed a marked reduction in their number. We concluded that diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the small intestine associated with damage to the intestinal nerve plexus constitutes a specific disorder that is different from other diseases that produce intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the small intestine with damage to nerve plexus. A cause of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. 834 45

We describe the case of a 33 year-old woman who was hospitalized for ascites, abdominal pain and food allergy. Blood samples and histologic examination of a jejunal specimen removed by laparotomy revealed that the patient suffered from eosinophilic gastroenteritis. This disease is classified among the hypereosinophilic syndromes, and food allergy may be of etiologic importance. Clinically eosinophilic gastroenteritis may present with ascites, malabsorption or gut obstruction. The eosinophilic blood cell count is usually elevated and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is usually normal or slightly increased. Polyarteritis nodosa, Crohn's disease and nematodal infections of the gut must be excluded. Most patients respond well to corticosteroid therapy and the long-term prognosis is good, even though the disease is chronic in nature.
 ...
PMID:[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]. 836 89

Jejunal diverticulosis is considered to be a generally asymptomatic condition in which the diverticula are pulsion mucosal herniations with walls lacking a muscle layer. These opinions in particular are examined in this review of 20 cases of jejunal diverticulosis treated during an 8 year period. The predominant complication in each case was inflammation or perforation (nine), diarrhoea or malabsorption (five), haemorrhage (three), chronic abdominal pain (two) and pseudo-obstruction (one). At least 10 patients had more than one complication, although this was often unrecognized. Ten patients complained of chronic abdominal pain, in eight of whom the cause was not diagnosed until other complications supervened. Unrecognized malabsorption may be common, as the mean serum albumin in 12 patients presenting acutely with inflammation, perforation or haemorrhage, was low (mean 32 g/L, normal 39-48 g/L). Histology sections were reviewed in the 12 cases that underwent resection, of whom 11 were suitable for classification. Four cases had narrow-mouthed pulsion diverticula with a thin or absent muscle coat, and had developed at the point of blood vessel penetration. Four cases had wide-mouthed diverticula in which the muscle layer was present, suggesting an abnormality of the intestinal wall. Two had features of both. In one case a Meckel's type diverticulum was located 10 cm from the duodenal-jejunal flexure. Seven had mucosal villous atrophy consistent with bacterial overgrowth. In conclusion, jejunal diverticulosis may be associated with complications more frequently than has been recognized and pathologically is a diverse condition.
 ...
PMID:Jejunal diverticulosis. 1519 91

Over a 2.5-year period, 82 consecutive children complaining of recurrent abdominal pain underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastroscopy confirmed pathology in 48 of the children (58.5%). Four of the children, who also had undergone gastroscopy, had other diagnoses (lactose malabsorption, hydronephrosis, yersiniosis), and 30 of the children (36.6%) retained the initial diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain syndrome. Gastritis was found in 48 of the children, 18 of whom (37.5%) had positive test results for Helicobacter pylori, based on histology and/or culture. Of 16 H. pylori-positive children tested, 12 (75%) also had an elevated concentration of IgG-class antibodies to H. pylori in their sera. Three of the children had duodenal ulcer disease, all of whom were H. pylori positive. Esophagitis was found in eight of the children with gastritis, all of whom were found to have gastroesophageal reflux. Our data suggest that among the children with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome, organic pathology is more common than was previously thought. Altogether 22% of the children with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome were infected with H. pylori.
 ...
PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in recurrent abdominal pain of childhood. 849 55

Approximately 5% of all lymphomas are located in the gastrointestinal tract. These lesions may be secondary manifestations of systemic lymphomatous disease, but there are also primary lesions that are not associated with superficial lymph node enlargement mediastinal adenopathy, liver and spleen involvement or hematologic alterations. Primary lymphomas may arise in the stomach or intestine. Small intestinal lesions may or may not be preceded by other types of intestinal pathology, such as celiac or inflammatory disease. The former cases are characterized by persistent diarrhea, malabsorption and weight loss. Abdominal pain and later nausea and/or vomiting are the most common presenting symptoms of lesions that arise in an already diseased bowel, palpable abdominal masses are present in approximately one third of these cases. Gastric lymphomas often presents with non-specific symptoms: cramp-like epigastric pain, anorexia and weight loss.
 ...
PMID:[Primary lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract: clinical picture]. 853 64

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction denotes the clinical picture that results due to the failure of intestinal peristalsis to overcome the normal resistance to flow and is characterized by recurrent episodes of signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction in the absence of any mechanical compromise of the intestinal lumen. The region(s) of the gut affected may be isolated or diffuse. It is not uncommon to find evidence of autonomic neuropathy and smooth muscle dysfunction with extraintestinal manifestations such as urinary symptoms from abnormal ureter or bladder function. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction can be caused by a variety of diseases, and for simplicity, certain authors have divided it into myopathic and neuropathic categories. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction may present at any age with a variable amount of abdominal pain, distension, nausea, diarrhea, or constipation and with laboratory abnormalities usually reflecting the degree of malabsorption and malnutrition present. The radiologic findings are varied but commonly include paralytic ileus or signs of apparent clinical obstruction with dilated loops of bowel. The number of pseudo-obstruction cases is dependent on how one defines the condition. It appears prudent to require radiographic abnormalities consistent with obstruction on a plain film of the abdomen for the diagnosis. More recently, studies have focused on the gastrointestinal manometric abnormalities of the stomach and small intestine in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction during fasting and fed states; however, sensitivity and specificity of these abnormalities are not well defined. Treatment is aimed at limiting symptoms and maintaining adequate nutrition. Prokinetic agents should be tried in an attempt to restore normal intestinal propulsion. However, their overall efficacy appears to be variable. It is still too premature to consider intestinal pacing or small bowel transplantation in this condition. Surgical approaches to chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction should be limited to patients refractory to medical therapy, and even then, an approach focused on the patient's primary presenting symptoms should be considered.
 ...
PMID:Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. 854 80

Small bowel diverticulosis is a rare disease of gastrointestinal tract that occurs most frequently in older patients. Since this disease can be asymptomatic, for a long time, the diagnosis rarely is made in the preoperative period. In 40% of cases there are acute or chronic complications, most frequently diverticulitis either with or without perforation, bowel obstruction and massive haemorrhage clinically manifested as bleeding from the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract. Abdominal pain, pseudoobstructive and malabsorption syndrome, expressive weight loss, steatorrhea and anemia are common chronic complications. In these cases a surgical treatment is necessary. Resection of the affected part of the small bowel is usually performed with end-to-end anastomosis. The authors present 4 cases with diverticulosis of the small bowel, two cases of which were manifested by diverticulitis and one of them was perforated. Pseudoobstructive syndrome, malabsorption and expressive weight loss were presented in other two cases. All four cases were dominated by severe abdominal pain. The surgical treatment was based upon radical resection of the small bowel with end-to-end anastomosis. (Fig. 4, Ref. 28.)
 ...
PMID:[Diverticulosis of the small intestine]. 855 55


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10