Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of abdominal rectopexy on bowel function is difficult to assess in retrospective studies because preoperative bowel habit cannot be determined accurately. This study examined bowel symptoms and physiologic tests of anorectal function prospectively in 23 patients before and at three months after rectopexy. Rectopexy eliminated complete prolapse in all and stopped bleeding in 16 of 18 patients. Incontinence improved significantly. Constipation (less than 3 bowel actions per week or straining for more than 25 percent of defecation time) was relieved in 4 of 11 affected patients but developed in 5 of the 12 who were not constipated preoperatively. Since the median bowel frequency was 21 motions per week before surgery and 17 afterward, the main determinant of constipation was straining. Abdominal pain was relieved after rectopexy in 6 of 12 patients but developed in 3 of 13 who were pain-free before surgery. Three patients (13 percent) had a first-degree relative with rectal prolapse. Perineal descent decreased significantly. Maximal anal resting pressure increased significantly, but this did not correlate significantly with improved continence. Twenty-one patients (91 percent) could expel a 50-ml balloon preoperatively; 18 of those 21 could still do so postoperatively. The two patients who could not expel the balloon preoperatively were able to do so postoperative. This study shows that rectal prolapse is associated with profoundly abnormal defecation and abdominal pain. While abdominal rectopexy improved continence, it may improve or worsen other bowel symptoms, including constipation.
 ...
PMID:Abdominal rectopexy for complete prolapse: prospective study evaluating changes in symptoms and anorectal function. 173 83

A 13-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain, fever, dysuria, incontinence and pyuria and was subsequently diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with extensive gastrointestinal involvement and an associated interstitial cystitis. Despite aggressive therapy with high dose prednisone and cyclophosphamide she developed a small bowel perforation and subsequently died. The combination of bowel symptoms and interstitial cystitis seems unique to the population with SLE, while the separate complication of bowel perforation carries an extremely poor prognosis in this group of patients.
 ...
PMID:Bowel perforation and interstitial cystitis in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. 186 24

Surveys of athletes, primarily runners, have shown that digestive disorders are common, associated both with training and racing. Women, in particular, seem to suffer most commonly. Nearly half have loose stools and nausea and vomiting occur frequently after hard runs. Diarrhoea, incontinence and rectal bleeding occur with surprising frequency. Runners may use medications prophylactically to minimise some of these symptoms. Upper digestive symptoms seem to occur more commonly in multisport events such as triathlons or enduro. The published literature is difficult to analyse and the basic intestinal physiology not well studied. Most gastroenterologists are accustomed to evaluating the fasting patient at rest and exercise physiologists are seldom experienced with digestive techniques. Digestive symptoms occurring with exercise referable to the oesophagus include chest pain, gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms, or symptoms related to alterations in motility. While little is known of the oesophageal physiology during exercise, it is believed that only minimal changes occur in most subjects. Gastro-oesophageal reflux occurs more frequently with exercise than at rest and may produce symptoms of chest pain suggestive of ischaemic disease. Acid exposure may be reduced by pretreatment with histamine H2-receptor antagonists. Oesophageal symptoms, though common, are rarely disabling to the athlete, and the clinical importance lies in confusion with ischaemic disease. Cases of acute gastric stasis following running have been reported and gastric physiology during exercise, particularly bicycling, has been more actively investigated. Gastric emptying during exercise is subject to a number of factors including calorie count, meal osmolality, meal temperature and exercise conditions. However, it is generally accepted that light exercise accelerates liquid emptying, vigorous exercise delays solid emptying and has little effect upon liquid emptying until near exhaustion. Gastric acid secretion probably changes little with exercise although some have postulated that ulcer patients may increase secretion with exercise. Some exercise-associated digestive symptoms, such as diarrhoea and abdominal pain, have been attributed to changes in intestine function. Small bowel transit is delayed by exercise when measured by breath hydrogen oral caecal transit times and motility may be reduced as well. Intestinal absorption during exercise has not been well evaluated but probably changes little in ordinary circumstances. Passive absorption of water, electrolytes and xylose are not affected by submaximal effort. Colonic transit and function is even more difficult to evaluate and published results have been conflicting. However, it is likely that many of the lower digestive complaints of runners such as diarrhoea and lower abdominal cramps are due to direct effects of exercise upon the colon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The effect of exercise on the gastrointestinal tract. 218 30

We are presenting herein three patients with bladder instability and recurrent abdominal pain whose symptoms disappeared after anticholinergic treatment. We propose urodynamic study in children with recurrent abdominal pain associated to frequency, incontinence, urgency or recurrent urinary infection.
 ...
PMID:[Bladder instability and abdominal pain in children]. 234 47

A Down's syndrome patient was hospitalized for evaluation of vomiting, abdominal pain, and a history of weight loss. A subsequent workup revealed that she had hyperthyroidism. The treatment of choice was radioactive iodine therapy. The patient had a history of consistent nausea and incontinence for urine and feces. Special problems posed by the patient and radiation safety are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of a Down's syndrome patient for hyperthyroidism with radioactive iodine. 293 92

As no adequate comparison of these widely used drugs has been made, we have performed a double-blind cross-over trial in 30 individuals with chronic diarrhea. Each underwent three randomized treatment periods of 4 wk duration. Patients were instructed to increase the daily dose gradually until control was achieved or side effects became intolerable. Stool frequency, consistency, urgency, and incontinence were then compared when a stable dose was reached. Though 2.3 capsules (4.6 mg) of loperamide, 2.3 capsules (103.5 mg) of codeine and 2.5 capsulses (12.5 mg) of diphenoxylate all reduced stool frequency to the same extent, diphenoxylate was significantly less effective in producing a solid stool. Before treatment 95% of patients experienced urgency, sometimes associated with fecal incontinence, often as their major diability. Loperamide and codeine were more effective in relieving this than was diphenoxylate. Side effects, particularly central nervous effects, were greatest with diphenoxylate and least with loperamide. Approximately equal numbers discontinued each preparation; poor control and central-nervous-system side effects were the usual reasons for stopping diphenoxylate and codeine, and abdominal pain and constipation for stopping loperamide. We conclude that both loperamide and codeine phosphate are superior to diphenoxylate in the symptomatic treatment of chronic diarrhea.
 ...
PMID:Double-blind cross-over study comparing loperamide, codeine and diphenoxylate in the treatment of chronic diarrhea. 700 6

The authors have reviewed 80 cases of ectopic ureter in 74 patients (62 women and 12 men). In most cases the abnormality involved the upper part of a double ureter system, and the extravesical openings were not only ectopic (located within or, most commonly, below the vesical sphincter in women), but also malformed with stenosis and/or reflux. The kidneys drained were damaged by dysplasia and/or interstitial nephritis. The presenting symptoms were fever, abdominal pain and disorders of micturition; incontinence, exclusively found in women, took only second rank. The purulent urine discharged could pass for leucorrhoea. Diagnosis was made by intravenous urography and by clinical or endoscopic finding of the ectopic opening.
 ...
PMID:[Extravesical openings of ectopic ureters: diagnostic problems (author's transl)]. 707 36

Adequate measures of diarrheal disease are important to assess severity for clinical use and outcomes research. We developed a questionnaire to assess diarrhea severity and complications, and administered it to 205 HIV positive patients with diarrhea, fever, or weight loss. Noteworthy variations in stool form were reported by individuals and across subjects. Self-reported diarrhea correlated with the occurrence of any stool pictured without form. However, verbal descriptors "loose" and "semiformed" had little value in assessment of diarrheal disease. Both verbal and pictorial stool descriptors correlated well with diarrhea complications (pain, urgency, tenesmus, incontinence, and nocturnal diarrhea). By factor analysis, discomfort and nondiscomfort diarrhea complications loaded on different factors, consistent with clinical experience that discomfort is a distinct problem in diarrheal disease. In summary we have developed an instrument to precisely characterize diarrhea severity that correlates well with clinically important events such as incontinence and abdominal pain.
 ...
PMID:Validation of a new measure of diarrhea. 755 36

Collagenous colitis is associated with normal endoscopy examination and peculiar histopathological changes. The natural history and optimal treatment are not well defined. Our objectives were to analyze the symptomatology of collagenous colitis, determine the natural history, and response to treatment. All patients with collagenous colitis from 1978 to 1992 were studied. Demographic data, symptomatology, associated conditions, colonoscopic findings, and pathology specimens were reviewed. Clinical improvement was classified as none, partial, or complete. Nineteen patients were identified, mainly white females over age 50. Mean follow-up was 22.6 months. Symptom duration was 37 months (range 4 months to 15 years). Symptoms were intermittent diarrhea (19), with a predominant nocturnal component (13); abdominal pain (15); and mild weight loss and incontinence (8). Colonoscopy was normal in 12 patients. Segmental mucosal edema and loss of vasculature pattern were present in seven. Antiperistaltic agents were used in 17 patients with no improvement (15), partial resolution (1), and complete resolution (1). Eight nonresponders received sulfasalazine. Responses were none (6) or complete (2). Ten patients received steroids (10-20 mg/day). One failed to respond. Nine initially responded completely but two relapsed. Seven patients who did not respond to any type of treatment improved eventually, two partially and five completely. These patients were younger (54.3 vs 68.3 years, P = 0.04) and symptom duration was shorter (25.4 vs 44.5 months, P = 0.38) than the rest of the patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Collagenous colitis. A treatable disease with an elusive diagnosis. 778 68

Our objective was to obtain national data of the estimated prevalence, sociodemographic relationships, and health impact of persons with functional gastrointestinal disorders. We surveyed a stratified probability random sample of U.S. householders selected from a data base of a national market firm (National Family Opinion, Inc.). Questions were asked about bowel symptoms, sociodemographic associations, work absenteeism, and physician visits. The sampling frame was constructed to be demographically similar to the U.S. householder population based on geographic region, age of householder, population density, household income, and household size. Of 8250 mailings, 5430 were returned suitable for analysis (66% response). The survey assessed the prevalence of 20 functional gastrointestinal syndromes based on fulfillment of multinational diagnostic (Rome) criteria. Additional variables studied included: demographic status, work absenteeism, health care use, employment status, family income, geographic area of residence, population density, and number of persons in household. For this sample, 69% reported having at least one of 20 functional gastrointestinal syndromes in the previous three months. The symptoms were attributed to four major anatomic regions: esophageal (42%), gastroduodenal (26%), bowel (44%), and anorectal (26%), with considerable overlap. Females reported greater frequencies of globus, functional dysphagia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation, functional abdominal pain, functional biliary pain and dyschezia; males reported greater frequencies of aerophagia and functional bloating. Symptom reporting, except for incontinence, declines with age, and low income is associated with greater symptom reporting. The rate of work/school absenteeism and physician visits is increased for those having a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Furthermore, the greatest rates are associated with those having gross fecal incontinence and certain more painful functional gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic abdominal pain, biliary pain, functional dyspepsia and IBS. Preliminary information on the prevalence, socio-demographic features and health impact is provided for persons who fulfill diagnostic criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
 ...
PMID:U.S. householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact. 835 66


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>