Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present study is a follow-up of 34 cases admitted to a paediatric department with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in 1942 and 1943. 45 persons without a history of RAP were selected at random and included as controls. Using a questionnaire, there was a higher incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms among persons with a history of RAP during childhood than among controls (P less than 0.05). 18 of the original 34 cases who still had symptoms were re-examined; 11 had a clinical picture consistent with a diagnosis of irritable colon, 5 had a picture compatible with both irritable colon and peptic ulcer/gastritis, and 2 had duodenal ulcer. Abdominal pains occurred no more frequently among children of parents who had had RAP during childhood than among children of parents without such a history. However, there was a higher incidence of abdominal pain among children of parents who were complaining of abdominal discomfort at the time of the investigation than among children whose parents were without such symptoms (P less than 0.005).
 ...
PMID:Long-term prognosis in children with recurrent abdominal pain. 113 Aug 15

Data from four double-blind studies of the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis were combined. For 4 to 12 weeks, 747 patients received Arthrotec, a combination of 50 mg of diclofenac and 200 micrograms of misoprostol, and 754 patients received 50 mg of diclofenac; the drugs were given twice or three times daily. The five most commonly reported adverse events were abdominal pain by 23.2% of the diclofenac/misoprostol patients and 19.8% of the diclofenac patients; diarrhea by 19.9% and 11.3%; nausea by 11.8% and 6.5%; dyspepsia by 11.2% and 7.8%; and flatulence by 8.0% and 3.1%. Other adverse events, reported by similar proportions of both treatment groups, included headache, gastritis, dizziness, vomiting, and constipation. In the diclofenac/misoprostol-treated patients, the abdominal pain and diarrhea were rated mild in 30.6% and 24.3%, moderate in 49.1% and 51.4%, and severe in 20.2% and 24.3%. Serious adverse events occurred in eight of the diclofenac/misoprostol-treated patients and in 13 of the diclofenac-treated patients; 12.6% and 10.1%, respectively, were withdrawn from the study because of adverse events. Results of laboratory tests of hepatic and renal function were similar in the two treatment groups.
 ...
PMID:Overall safety of Arthrotec. 143 22

Hp now appears to be more than a simple commensal organism in patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. Microbiologic, serologic, and epidemiologic studies all confirm that Hp has an important role in children with abdominal pain. Hp is found in the gastric mucosa of children with histologically proven gastritis or peptic ulcer. The organism can be transmitted from human to human with evidence of colonization, appearance of gastritis, and serum antibody response. Antimicrobial therapy directed at Hp eradicates colonization and resolves symptoms. Hp antibodies appear more frequently in familial clusters and the frequency of antibody positivity increases with age. Children are more likely to have symptomatic disease associated with elevated antibody titers. Recurrence of disease is associated with reappearance of the organism. At the present time, colonization can be detected only by gastric biopsy; however, it may be possible eventually to diagnose or follow infections by obtaining serum antibody titers or urea breath-testing. The natural history of Hp infection is unclear. Although it can cause an acute gastritis, it generally is found in association with chronic gastritis. The increase in seropositivity with age may mean that slow changes evolve over decades or that age cohorts have been infected differentially. How does antral colonization with Hp cause duodenal ulceration? The organism is not found in the duodenum and most patients with gastritis do not develop ulcers. This may be related to changes in acid production and mucosal protection associated with Hp colonization, but few studies have been done. What factors initiate Hp infection? Both volunteers who became colonized first suppressed acid secretion with H2-antagonists. Hypochlorhydria also seems to follow Hp infection in these same studies. The role of diet and drugs, or other environmental and genetic factors, in initiating infection is largely unexplored. An effective means of therapy needs to be developed. Although Hp appears sensitive in vitro to many compounds, it is difficult to eradicate in vivo, especially with monotherapy. Single-drug therapy suppresses the organism, but recurrence rates are high. It is difficult to deliver effective doses of drugs to the mucous niche the organism has selected and concerns about long-term therapy and its side effects persist. Current data suggest no ready solution to the initial case presentation. A child with primary gastritis or duodenal ulcer should be treated first with standard antacid and H2-receptor antagonist therapy. If endoscopy is performed, biopsies of normal-appearing areas of gastric antrum should be stained for Hp and a biopsy urease test should be performed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, and ulcers in pediatrics. 144 15

We report the first known case of syphilitic gastritis in an HIV-infected person. The presentation of nonspecific abdominal pain and weight loss in a 48-yr-old former intravenous drug user previously treated for asymptomatic syphilis led to a barium swallow which demonstrated linitis plastica. Upper endoscopy reinforced a suspicion of carcinoma, but biopsy made the diagnosis of syphilis by silver staining. Further testing revealed a positive serology for syphilis as well as HIV infection with a depressed CD-4 lymphocyte count. Treatment with parenteral penicillin led to a rapid resolution of symptoms. This case represents a rare complication of late syphilis, and is another example of the unusual manifestations of syphilis seen in the HIV-infected population.
 ...
PMID:Syphilitic gastritis in an HIV-infected individual. 144 50

A consecutive series of 71 children (mean age 8.6 years) with recurrent abdominal pain underwent endoscopic oesophageal, gastric and duodenal biopsy in order to determine whether the pain was of gastro-intestinal origin. Of these 71 children, 27 (38%) showed oesophagitis, 14 (20%) cardiac gastritis, 29 (41%) body gastritis, 38 (54%) antral gastritis, and 29 (41%) duodenitis. Thus, 66 of the 71 children studied had an inflammatory lesion explaining their complaints. One of the patients had a gastric ulcer. Helicobacter pylori colonisation was found in 5 of the children: One had H. pylori associated antral and body gastritis and 4 H. pylori associated antral gastritis only. Body gastritis without H. pylori was present in three of these four children. Our data do not support the widespread assumption that recurrent abdominal pain for which no medical cause can be found, is psychogenic; neither do they establish an association between H. pylori antral gastritis and recurrent abdominal pain. However, our data provide strong evidence that there is a gastro-intestinal origin of these patients' complaints.
 ...
PMID:Recurrent abdominal pain of gastro-intestinal origin. 150 71

We have assessed 270 consecutive patients (age range 0.8-20 years) referred for endoscopic study because of abdominal pain during 32 months. Helicobacter pylori (HP) was detected by culture in 91 cases (33.7%). HP colonization increased significantly with age (p less than 0.01). Nine patients less than 5 years of age were colonized by HP. A previous history of peptic ulcer disease in first-degree relatives was significantly more frequent in the HP-positive group (p less than 0.001). The frequency of HP positiveness as related to diagnosis was: normal, 3.3%; nonactive chronic gastritis, 100%; active chronic gastritis, 97.2%; gastric ulcer, 75%; and duodenal ulcer, 90.9% (p less than 0.001). Endoscopic nodular antritis was a frequent (67%) and specific finding; this presence was associated with that of lymphoid follicles in the histopathological study. Signs of histological activity were observed in 55.9% of the HP-positive patients. The histological colonization by HP was assessed semiquantitatively, and a significantly greater HP colonization score was observed in patients with signs of histological activity (p less than 0.001). A significant correlation was found between HP colonization score and histological score (rs = 0.574), with a significant association between the degree of HP colonization and the histologic categories (p less than 0.001). The present study suggests a pathogenic role of HP in the development of gastroduodenal disease in children.
 ...
PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection in children: clinical, endoscopic, and histologic correlations. 835 Feb 6

Side effects of octreotide may be local, biochemical, gastroenterological, or endocrinological. Local pain at the injection site occurs frequently, but rarely lasts more than 15 minutes and often resolves with continued therapy and may be improved if the vial is warmed prior to injection. No long-term hematological or biochemical abnormalities have been described. Despite initial diarrhea in some patients, no change in circulating fat-soluble vitamins has been consistently reported. Antibodies to octreotide have been described, but are rare. Abdominal pain or diarrhea can occur at the beginning of therapy. These symptoms rarely persist and are minimal if the injections are timed between meals, but this may increase the incidence of gallstones. Gallstones occur with increased frequency. Gastritis has been described as being an invariable consequence of long-term treatment with octreotide. We have found the incidence to be increased in patients on octreotide, but this is not invariable. Hypoglycemia may be exacerbated in some patients with insulinoma because of glucagon suppression. Small numbers of patients on octreotide for acromegaly have developed hypoglycemic. Conversely, carbohydrate tolerance may temporarily worsen because of insulin suppression and rarely oral hypoglycemia drug therapy may become necessary. Most frequently, carbohydrate tolerance does not deteriorate. In some patients with acromegaly, pituitary tumor size may continue to increase despite continued therapy. Last, there is the theoretical risk of addiction to a compound which may act through opiate receptors and considerably alleviates headache in some patients with pituitary tumor. Overall, despite the multiplicity of theoretical side effects, the majority of patients tolerate octreotide well, with no serious untoward effects.
 ...
PMID:Proceedings of the discussion, "Tolerability and safety of Sandostatin". 151 39

Gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori was present in gastric biopsies from 24/95 (25%) children and adolescents undergoing endoscopy for recurrent abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal symptoms. H pylori associated gastritis occurred mainly in older children (8-16 years) and was significantly associated with low socioeconomic class and a family history of peptic ulcer disease. Antral nodularity was a common endoscopic finding in H pylori positive children. Eighteen children, all over 5 years of age, were treated with tripotassium dicitratobismuthate (De-Nol) for two months and ampicillin for two weeks. In 12 children follow up gastric biopsies were obtained six weeks after completion of treatment. In 9/12 (75%) children H pylori was eradicated, and gastritis improved.
 ...
PMID:Management and response to treatment of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. 151 61

Clinical experience with and adverse effects of methotrexate for the treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy are described. Ectopic pregnancy is suspected in the presence of the following: positive results on pregnancy test (e.g., test for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin [beta-hCG]), lower abdominal pain, a normal or slightly enlarged uterus, and a mass on either side of the midline. When laparoscopy is required for diagnosis, surgical correction is done at the same time. However, use of serial beta-hCG titers, vaginal ultrasound examinations, serum progesterone concentrations, and dilation and curettage (when the pregnancy is confirmed to be nonviable) allows earlier detection of ectopic pregnancy without laparoscopy. If rupture has not occurred, i.v. or i.m. methotrexate is administered; usually, i.m. leucovorin is given, on alternate days, to prevent hematologic toxicity. Adverse effects of methotrexate include stomatitis, gastritis, and hepatic enzyme elevation. Use of a single-dose regimen of i.m. methotrexate without leucovorin has been associated with a lower frequency of toxicity. Selection criteria for patients are as follows: (1) an unruptured ectopic pregnancy less than or equal to 3.5 cm in greatest dimension on transvaginal ultrasound, (2) no active renal or hepatic disease, and (3) no evidence of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia. Intramuscular methotrexate therapy is a safe and effective alternative to surgery for the treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:Methotrexate for treatment of unruptured ectopic pregnancy. 153 28

We compared two types of biliary reconstruction for congenital dilatation of the bile duct--Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy and jejunal interposition hepaticoduodenostomy after removal of the dilated bile duct. There were no significant differences in the occurrence of early and late complications except for the repeated attacks of abdominal pain that occurred only in the group that underwent jejunal interposition hepaticoduodenostomy. The results of further examinations for the presence of bile reflux with 99mTc-pyridoxyl methyl tryptophan scintigraphy and gastroscopy in this group revealed a high incidence of chronic gastritis associated with bile reflux. This report is the first to demonstrate the occurrence of bile reflux gastritis in patients who underwent jejunal interposition hepaticoduodenostomy, which is theoretically a more logical approach than the other method of bile reconstruction. Further studies, with respect to possible mechanisms, as well as careful and longer follow-up evaluation, are required.
 ...
PMID:Roux-en-Y versus interposition biliary reconstruction. 155 11


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>