Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia is not associated with specific signs or symptoms in either IDDM or NIDDM. However, symptoms of the "chylomicronemia syndrome," including abdominal pain and acute pancreatitis, can occur when poorly controlled diabetes is present in a patient with a familial form of hyperlipidemia. The low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that was commonly recommended for diabetics during past years may have contributed to the elevated plasma LDL levels in some individuals. Such "diabetic diets" may also have played a role in the predisposition of diabetics toward atherosclerotic complications.
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PMID:Hyperlipidemia: forestalling complications in older diabetics. 388 43

We describe two patients with type 2 diabetes who presented with abdominal pain secondary to thoracic polyradiculopathy. In the first patient abdominal pain occurred in association with marked abdominal distension; extensive negative gastrointestinal investigations were performed before the correct diagnosis was made by electromyography showing thoracic paraspinal muscle denervation. In the second case, truncal sensory symptoms alone were evident at the time of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. While muscle laxity was absent, extensive paraspinal muscle denervation was detected. Tolrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, was associated with good clinical response of symptoms due to peripheral neuropathy and thoracic polyradiculopathy. The pathogenesis of thoracic polyradiculopathy is uncertain but is likely to be the result of multiple infarcts along the course of thoracic spinal nerves accounting.
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PMID:Thoracic polyradiculopathy--abdominal wall swelling and sensory symptoms in diabetes mellitus. 796 Jun 57

We studies 151 case of diabetes in the young (age at first visit < or = 35 yrs) from January 1982 to June 1990. We classified the 151 cases into non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (38.4%), malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) (36.4%), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (9.9%), secondary diabetes mellitus (2.6%) and unclassified category (12.6%). MRDM can be further classified into 2 groups: 22.5 per cent were fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and 13.9 per cent were protein deficient pancreatic diabetes (PDPD). Abdominal roentgenography were performed in 103 cases (68.2%) and pancreatic calcification were found in 34/103 (33%). Farming occupation (p = 0.001), abdominal pain (p = 0.005), male sex (p = 0.0015) and cataracts (p = 0.02) were statistically more common in MRDM comparing to NIDDM and IDDM taken together. There were no statistically significant differences in history of alcohol consumption and raw cassava intake between both groups. Family history of diabetes mellitus were more common in NIDDM comparing to IDDM and MRDM.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus in the young in Srinagarind Hospital. 800 54

A retrospective analysis of presenting clinical symptoms was performed in 584 patients who were operated on at a surgical university hospital during the last two decades because of carcinoma of the exocrine pancreas or the periampullary region. Patients with carcinoma of the pancreatic head primarily presented with jaundice, those with localisation of the tumour in the pancreatic body and tail with pain. In contrast to the common opinion ampullary carcinomas produced jaundice only in 70% of patients. In our series ampullary carcinomas did not present clinical symptoms at an earlier stage than pancreatic head tumours as it is commonly speculated. At the time of surgery carcinomas of the ampulla and the pancreatic head were found to be in equivalent stages. A NIDDM was significantly associated with carcinomas of the pancreatic body. Diabetes mellitus is more likely a result of carcinomatous destruction of the pancreas rather than a precancerosis. Almost all periampullary tumours could be resected while the resection rate was only 41% in case of exocrine pancreatic tumours. Pancreatic carcinomas which presented with upper abdominal pain, back pain, weight loss, inappentence, and diarrhoea were significantly more often irresectable. Jaundice, however, was more frequent in patients with resectable tumours. Back pain is probably caused by infiltration of the retroperitoneum and the aortic plexus and thus represents the clinical sign of an often occult retroperitoneal tumour spread. The precise knowledge of the presenting symptoms in cancer of the pancreas and ampulla is of primary importance because diagnostic procedures only commences after onset of symptoms and no possibilities of an effective screening can be envisaged.
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PMID:[Clinical symptoms in cancer of the exocrine pancreas in peri-ampullary region. Old and new knowledge from the analysis of a surgical patient sample]. 896 95

Forty-three cases of diabetic ketosis were analysed to determine the mode of presentation, treatment modalities and outcome. Among these cases 62.8% were non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and 37.2% belonged to the insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) group. Six patients had blood glucose levels of more than 250 mg/dl but less than 300 mg/dl who were grouped separately for analysis under the term "euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EGDK)". Infection was the commonest precipitating factor in diabetic ketosis in all groups. Abdominal pain and vomiting occurred with NIDDM and EGDK cases. Drowsiness was common and coma was rare. Acute myocardial infarction (MI) and pulmonary oedema occurred with NIDDM cases. Shock, acidosis, acquired respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and mucor mycosis were seen with IDDM cases. Mortality was 7 out of 43(16.3%). Saline requirement was lower in NIDDM and EGDK cases. Intensive insulin therapy with hourly intravenous doses were needed for IDDM cases while majority of NIDDM cases could be managed with 6 hourly doses of insulin given subcutaneously or intramuscularly.
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PMID:Changing profile of diabetic ketosis. 956 97

Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Acarbose inhibits carbohydrate digestion, allowing an excessive amount of undigested carbohydrate to reach the colon. Bacterial fermentation of the carbohydrate produces intestinal gas, which can cause flatulence and abdominal pain. Beano, an over-the-counter enzyme preparation (alpha-galactosidase), diminishes intestinal gas production by enhancing the breakdown of certain carbohydrates before they reach the lower intestine. This study was undertaken to investigate whether concomitant administration of Beano and acarbose could reduce the flatulence associated with acarbose and, if so, whether Beano would interfere with the effects of acarbose on postprandial serum glucose concentration. In this randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, three-period crossover study, 37 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus received acarbose 100 mg, acarbose 100 mg plus Beano, or placebo. The study population consisted of 20 males and 17 females who ranged in age from 36 to 72 years (mean, 56 years) and in weight from 62 to 142 kg (mean, 92 kg). Each treatment period consisted of 3 days, during which both acarbose and Beano were given at the beginning of each of three meals. There was a 4-day washout interval between each treatment period. The frequency and severity of flatulence were measured using a score compiled from patient diaries. As an additional measure of intestinal gas production, breath hydrogen concentration was measured on day 3 of each treatment period. Postprandial serum glucose concentration was measured at predetermined times after each morning dose to assess pharmacodynamic activity. Patients who took Beano with acarbose had a significantly lower flatulence score than did those who took acarbose alone (0.79 vs 1.09). Consistent with this finding, breath hydrogen concentration was lower after administration of acarbose plus Beano than with acarbose alone (31.2 ppm vs 50.5 ppm). Beano had variable effects on the ability of acarbose to reduce the postprandial serum glucose concentration. Although postprandial serum glucose levels were higher in patients who received acarbose plus Beano than in those who received acarbose alone, both treatments (with or without Beano) resulted in postprandial serum glucose levels that were significantly lower than those seen with placebo. Therefore, although Beano appeared to diminish the activity of acarbose, postprandial serum glucose concentrations still decreased significantly in patients taking Beano with acarbose. Beano has been shown to alleviate the flatulence accompanying acarbose treatment, but it may also interfere with the glucose-lowering effect of acarbose.
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PMID:Effects of beano on the tolerability and pharmacodynamics of acarbose. 966 65

A case of lipoma of the liver is reported in a 57-year-old woman with a 10-month history of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and 3 days with abdominal pain, distention, nausea, and vomiting. On medical examination, the liver was palpable 5 cm below the right costal margin without splenomegaly or ascites. A CT scan revealed a well-defined fat attenuation tumor and an MR demonstrated a well-circumscribed lesion with bright signal intensity. An extended right hepatic lobectomy was performed. The resected specimen measured 28.6 x 18.3 x 8.2 cm and weighed 2,200 g. The yellow and well-circumscribed tumor measured 15 x 9.5 cm and was composed of mature adipose cells pushing the liver tissue at the periphery. The patient was asymptomatic 6 months after surgery.
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PMID:[Primary lipoma of the liver]. 1146 13

Metformin is an effective and commonly administered drug for controlling plasma glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gastrointestinal adverse effects such as abdominal pain, nausea, dyspepsia, anorexia, and diarrhea are common and widely accepted when occurring at the start of metformin therapy. Diarrhea occurring long after the dosage titration period is much less well recognized. Our patient began to experience nausea, abdominal cramping, and explosive watery diarrhea that occasionally caused incontinence after several years of stable metformin therapy A trial of metformin discontinuation resolved all gastrointestinal symptoms. A review of the literature revealed two reports that suggest diarrhea occurring long after the start of metformin therapy is relatively common, based on surveys of patients with diabetes. Metformin-induced diarrhea is differentiated from diabetic diarrhea, which is clinically similar, except diabetic diarrhea is rare in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes who are taking metformin and experience diarrhea deserve a drug-free interval before undergoing expensive and uncomfortable diagnostic tests, even when the dosage has been stable over a long period.
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PMID:Metformin as a cause of late-onset chronic diarrhea. 1171 16

Enteritis necroticans is a segmental necrotizing infection of the jejunum and ileum caused by Clostridium perfringens, Type C. The disease occurs sporadically in parts of Asia, Africa, and the South Pacific, where it primarily affects children with severe protein malnutrition. The disease is extremely rare in developed countries, where it has been seen primarily in diabetics. Two cases have previously been reported in the United States, one in a child with poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes. A 66-year-old woman with a 12-year history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus developed severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea after eating a meal of turkey sausage. She died unattended at home. An autopsy showed peritonitis and segmental necrosis of the jejunum and ileum. Microscopic examination showed Gram-positive club-shaped bacilli consistent with Clostridia coating a necrotic mucosa. Products of cpa and cpb genes of C. perfringens, Type C were identified in the necrotic jejunum by polymerase chain reaction amplification.
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PMID:Fatal enteritis necroticans (pigbel) in a diabetic adult. 1179 43

Tropical chronic pancreatitis (TCP) is a juvenile form of chronic calcific non-alcoholic pancreatitis, seen almost exclusively in the developing countries of the tropical world. The classical triad of TCP consists of abdominal pain, steatorrhoea, and diabetes. When diabetes is present, the condition is called fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) which is thus a later stage of TCP. Some of the distinctive features of TCP are younger age at onset, presence of large intraductal calculi, more aggressive course of the disease, and a high susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic calculi are the hallmark for the diagnosis of TCP and in non-calcific cases ductal dilation on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, computed tomography, or ultrasound helps to identify the disease. Diabetes is usually quite severe and of the insulin requiring type, but ketosis is rare. Microvascular complications of diabetes occur as frequently as in type 2 diabetes but macrovascular complications are uncommon. Pancreatic enzyme supplements are used for relief of abdominal pain and reducing the symptoms related to steatorrhoea. Early diagnosis and better control of the endocrine and exocrine dysfunction could help to ensure better survival and improve the prognosis and quality of life of TCP patients.
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PMID:Tropical chronic pancreatitis. 1465 69


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