Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the case of a 12-year-old boy suffering from severe low-titer cold-hemagglutinin disease with excruciating colicky abdominal pain, jaundice, and acute hemolytic anemia requiring transfusion. Cold hemagglutinins of the IgM type and a positive direct antiglobulin test, predominantly against C3d, were found. Steroid pulse therapy with 20 mg/kg body wt. methylprednisolone for 3 consecutive days was given. Abdominal pain disappeared within 12 h of the first steroid infusion and hemolysis was halted. We conclude that a therapeutic trial with steroid pulse therapy in severe low-titer cold-hemagglutinin disease is warranted.
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PMID:Severe low-titer cold-hemagglutinin disease responsive to steroid pulse therapy. 765 53

The prevalence of intestinal protozoa and geohelminths was assessed among two diverse populations in the Kandy area: adults attending medical outpatients clinics at the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, and pre-school children in low-cost housing areas within the Kandy Municipality. In addition to a brief history and examination, a fresh stool sample was obtained and examined by direct smears in saline and iodine, and by formol-ether concentration. The children's stool samples were also examined for Cryptosporidium by cold Ziehl-Neelsen staining. A total of 192 stool samples from the adult outpatients (101 males, age range 15-82 years, mean 51.4 years) and 354 samples from the pre-school children (age range 1-72 months, mean 30 months) were examined. Entamoeba histolytica was not seen in any of the samples; Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts were seen in three and one sample respectively from the pre-school children. The overall prevalence of geohelminth infections was 21.3% among the adults and 24.5% among the children. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant species in both populations. Comparison of the rate of intestinal parasite infection among 37 adult patients patients with non-specific abdominal complaints, with the rate among 37 matched controls with no abdominal complaints showed no significant difference (16% and 19% respectively). This suggests that the presence of abdominal pain or diarrhea was unrelated to the presence of intestinal parasites in the adult study population. Although the techniques used were not highly sensitive, the absence of E. histolytic probably reflects a true decline in the prevalence of this parasite in Sri Lanka.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Intestinal parasitoses in the Kandy area, Sri Lanka. 777 9

We performed percutaneous endopyeloplasty on 20 patients between February, 1988 and July, 1993. Eighteen patients had primary and two had secondary ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstructions. There were 15 female and 5 male patients, whose ages ranged from 14 to 77, with an average of 43.6. The length of the follow-up after pyeloplasty ranged from 4 to 69 months with an average of 28.7 months. Among the 20 patients, there were 4 high insertion type cases, a bifid renal pelvis in one case and one case combined with a renal stone. Incisions were made with a hook-shaped cold knife and Ono's transpelvic extraureteral approach was used in most patients. Catheters were placed at the upper and the lower of renal pelvis in the patient with a bifid renal pelvis. In the case with a renal stone, pyeloplasty was successively performed after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a single session. An endopyelotomy stent (14 Fr) was indwelled for 6 weeks in all patients except one. All patients had a low grade fever and abdominal pain for a few days after their operations, but there were no major complications. In nineteen patients (95%), the symptoms improved and their obstructive patterns disappeared or improved during follow-up. Complete ureteral stricture was found in one case at the removal of the stent and open pyeloplasty was performed. Percutaneous endopyeloplasty is a safe and useful technique, but further evaluation and/or better techniques are needed for avoiding recurrence of obstruction.
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PMID:[Clinical results of percutaneous pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction: 5 years follow-up]. 780 71

This paper reports the DHE substitution clinical trial in 38 heroin addicts. The CINA (Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment) scale was used to assess physical dependence potential. The CINA scale contains 10 opioid withdrawal signs (nausea, vomiting, gooseflesh, sweating, restlessness, tremor, larcrimation, nasal congestion, yawning, changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure) and 3 opiate withdrawal symptoms (abdominal pain, muscle pain and feeling hot or cold). For each subject admitted to the Drug Detoxification and Treatment Center his (her) status on each of the 13 items of CINA were immediately rated. Then, naloxone 0.4 mg was injected iv to precipitate withdrawal symptoms and at 5, 10, 15 min after the naloxone injection, the CINA score of each patient was rated again. The differences among the scores of pre- and post-naloxone injection is a measurement of the degree of withdrawal symptoms. Then, a single dose of DHE was administered sublingually to each patient, all withdrawal symptoms disappeared. These results show that DHE can compete with naloxone for opioid receptors. A good dose-response relationship was found between the 100% suppressive withdrawal sign doses of DHE and the degree of withdrawal sign in heroin addicts. The physical dependence potential of DHE given to heroin addicts sublingually was probably more than that of methadone given to heroin addicts orally by making reference to the report of Dr. Peachy.
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PMID:[Clinical assessment of physical dependence potential of dihydroetorphine hydrochloride (DHE)]. 797 40

Effects of increased intake of cheese on intestinal transit time and other indicators of bowel function were studied in 21 retirement home residents (18 women and 3 men; age, 68-87 years). The study was divided into four succeeding periods: 1) 1-week basal period (usual diet); 2)3-week cheese period (extra cheese was offered as such on bread or used in cooking); 3) 3-week no-cheese period (all cheese on bread was replaced with cured meats and cold cuts, and no cheese was used in cooking); 4) 3-week follow-up period (usual diet). During the last week of each period a questionnaire was filled out on fecal frequencies, consistency of feces (soft, normal, hard), and occurrence of abdominal pain and flatulence. Use of laxative medications and therapeutic foods (prunes) was registered. Eleven of the 21 subjects collected fecal samples for the determination of fecal wet weight and intestinal transit time by means of radiopaque Sitzmark capsules. Intakes of cheese, fiber-containing foods, and fluids by these 11 subjects during meals offered in the cafeteria were recorded on a prefilled questionnaire. In spite of a 10-fold increase in the intake of cheese no change in intestinal transit time, fecal frequency, fecal wet weight, consistency of feces, and occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms was observed. The use of laxative medication was higher during the cheese period, but no change in the combined use of laxative medication and therapeutic foods (prunes) was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effect of cheese on intestinal transit time and other indicators of bowel function in residents of a retirement home. 812 74

A 45-year-old woman developed cold paraesthesias, severe pain in the finger-tips of both hands and acral necroses, at first pinhead-sized but gradually enlarging. She had been a heavy smoker for many years, was hypertensive and had sustained a myocardial infarction 10 years previously. Angiography demonstrated bilateral occlusion of digital arteries and Doppler-ultrasound showed occlusion of both internal carotid arteries. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was greatly increased to 101/130 mm. The symptoms improved during rheological treatment and administration of methylprednisolone, but then nonspecific abdominal pain occurred, together with intermittent claudication of the left leg, and she had numerous haemoptyses. The chest radiograph showed finely reticular shadows in both lungs. Histological examination of peribronchial tissue revealed typical signs of vasculitis. The patient became oliguric (creatinine up to 5.5 mg/dl). The titre of antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (cANCA) was very high. Despite treatment with cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids the renal failure got worse, she had a stroke and severe anginal attacks developed. She died 25 weeks after the first admission from cardiocirculatory failure. As the patient's signs were those of several kinds of vasculitis, the polyangitis overlap syndrome seems the most likely diagnosis in retrospect.
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PMID:[Polyangiitis overlap syndrome]. 816 23

We retrospectively reviewed all patients with a final diagnosis of spontaneous thoracic aortic dissection treated at Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between January 1989 and December 1994. There were a total of 109 patients with a mean age of 55 +/- 11 years ranging from 19 to 88 years. The male-to-female ratio was 2 to 1 (73 to 36). There was a predilection to present during the colder months, with 69% seen between September 1 and February 28 and only 31% during the warmer half of the year. In most patients, hypertension (85%) was the major predisposing factor with another 7% having Marfan syndrome. The remaining 8% had no obvious underlying disease except for one patient who had an atrial septum defect. Presenting chief complaints in order of frequency included: anterior chest pain 58.7% (64/109), back pain 19.2% (21/109), abdominal pain 10.1% (11/109), consciousness change 3.7% (4/109), neck pain 2.7% (3/109), paraparesis 2.7% (3/109), dyspnea 1.8% (2/109), and hemoptysis 0.9% (1/109). The diagnostic breakdown revealed 46% to be type A (50/109) and 54% type B (59/109). A total of 26 (24%) patients died in hospital (16% were type A and 8% were type B). (Type A included all proximal dissections and those distal dissections that extend retrograde to involve the arch and ascending aorta; Type B refers to the other distal dissections without proximal extension; proposed by Daily et al.) Thoracic aortic dissection remains an important concern in patients with a history of hypertension. Patients seem particularly susceptible during cold weather months. The average age of our patients was only 55 years and 24% of them died during hospitalization. Earlier identification and more aggressive antihypertensive treatment is required.
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PMID:Aortic dissection in Taiwan. 855 68

A health diary was used for measurement of illnesses in the northeast rural area of Thailand during the month of November, 1992. Target population were villagers residing in 12 villages which were randomly selected from 2 districts in Khon Kaen province. Three hundred forty-five households (1690 subjects) were selected for the study from all households in those 12 villages. The sample represented 22.2% of all households. Each respondent was instructed how to record illness which may occur among family members during the observation period. Demonstration of recording was performed as well to ensure uniform reporting. Frequency of ill persons among the 1690 members of the selected 345 households was 299 persons (17.7%) in 333 episodes. The ratio of males to females for the reported illnesses was 1:1.18. The most common illnesses were common cold, fever, and abdominal pain, which occurred in 78, 59, and 47 episodes, respectively, followed by headache, and cough. According to the WHO international classification of diseases, diseases of the respiratory system were prevalent (26.1% of total episodes). Types of illness among age groups 0-1 years and 2-5 years were common cold followed by fever. The others two age groups; 16-45, 46-65 years were ill with abdominal pain as the first rank followed by common cold. Fever and common cold were the most frequent illness in age group 6-15 years and the elderly respectively.
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PMID:Health diary study on illness in rural northeast Thailand. 866 98

A one-month health diary was used as a research instrument for measuring health care in the northeastern rural area of Thailand during the month of November, 1992. Three hundred forty-five respondents, which represents 22.2% of the total households in 12 villages from 2 districts in the Khon Kaen province of northeast Thailand, completed the health diaries. Self-medication was most practiced for health care (37.5% of ill persons) followed by health service utilization at local health center (19.4%), at community hospital (11.4%), at private clinic (11.4%), and by "wait and see" (9.0%). Analgesics were the most frequently used drugs for relief of fever, headache, common cold and abdominal pain. The use of a combination of drug (eg. a cocktail) was common as self-medication for relief of back and leg pain. Traditional or herbal drugs were a frequently chosen alternative for self-medication, both in adult and children. The authors suggest that the villagers should be educated concerning drug hazards in order to increase their background knowledge on drug use.
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PMID:Health care of villagers in northeast Thailand--a health diary study. 870 59

Helicobacter pylori-like organisms (Hp) and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) in 2614 gastroduodenal biopsies from 602 patients with dyspepsia, in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, between October 1990 and October 1992, were histologically graded to determine the prevalence of Hp gastritis and their utilization in the evaluation of treatment efficacy in these patients. Symptoms of functional dyspepsia included, in order of frequency, abdominal pain or discomfort, flatulence, burning sensation, regurgitation, fullness, nausea, vomiting, bloating and belching. The biopsies were paraffin embedded, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) to grade the inflammation. In addition to H and E, several special stains including modified Giemsa (MG), Wharthin-Starry silver and cold Ziehl-Neelsen stains were utilized to clearly identify Hp organisms. Giemsa method was found to be superior to other special stains in visualizing the Hp organisms in paraffin sections, and was utilized in every case. Two immunohistochemical markers for B cells (CD20) and T cells (CD45RO) were utilized for labeling lymphocytes infiltrating the lamina propria of the gastroduodenal biopsies in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. H and E and MG stained sections were utilized to count PMNs and Hp, and were graded 0, 1, 2, and 3, corresponding to none, mild, moderate, and severe grades of the Sydney system for classification of gastritis, respectively. Of the total initial 2318 endoscopic biopsies, 98.8% of the patients had suitable biopsies for histologic evaluation. Unsuitable biopsies were recovered from patients with gastric carcinoma. Inflammation was seen in 98.5% of 595 patients with suitable biopsies. In 74.5% of these patients the inflammation was active; 37.5, 32.5 and 4.5% had mild, moderate and severe active inflammation, respectively. In the remaining 24% of the 595 patients, the gastritis was chronic without activity or atrophic changes. As many as 73.6% of the patients with suitable biopsies were Hp positive; 39.8, 29.1 and 4.7% had grades 1, 2 and 3 Hp, respectively. Intestinal metaplasia was found in 28.9% of the 602 patients, and was seen more often in Hp positive than Hp negative patients (34.5 vs 14%, P < 0.005, for d.f. = 1; chi 2 = 10.35). Of the Hp positive patients, 172 and 46 patients attended the first and second follow-up endoscopy visits, respectively. The triple treatment was composed of one dose of tinidazole (2gm), doxycycline, 200 mg initial dose and 100 mg daily for two weeks, and bismuth subcitrate (Gist-Brocades nv, Delft, The Netherlands), 2 tablets twice daily for 4 weeks. After triple drug treatment, eradication of Hp was accomplished, histologically, in 38.4 and 45.7% of the patients on first and second follow-up visits, respectively. Thus, the Sydney system-based grading scale provides an objective histological evaluation of Hp gastritis for accurate prevalence studies, and may prove to be of value in estimating treatment efficacy.
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PMID:Grading Helicobacter pylori gastritis in dyspeptic patients. 881 77


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