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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Campylobacter fetus ss. jejuni has recently been recognized as a very common cause of gastroenteritis. Symptoms of Campylobacter gastroenteritis include fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, myalgia and headache. Bloody diarrhea occurs in about 50 percent of patients. This organism is now being isolated more frequently than Salmonella or Shigella in cases of diarrhea. Acute colitis mimicking Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis on proctoscopic examination and on barium enema x-ray has been described. The drug of choice for therapy is erythromycin.
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PMID:Campylobacter Gastroenteritis. 705 19

To determine the relative importance of Campylobacter jejuni as a cause of diarrheal illness in patients coming to three hospitals in Denver, we cultured stool specimens from 2,670 patients over a two-year period. C jejuni was identified in the feces of 124 patients (4.6 percent), Salmonella from 90 (3.4 percent) and Shigella from 77 (2.9 percent). Most Campylobacter isolates were obtained in the summer months and from patients 10 to 29 years old. The illness usually lasted less than two weeks; predominant symptoms were diarrhea (98 percent), abdominal pain (88 percent) and fever (82 percent); patients with severe illness frequently had objective evidence of nonspecific colitis. Occult blood and leukocytes were present in stool specimens of 71 percent and 85 percent, respectively, of the patients tested. The duration and severity of illness led to antibiotic therapy in about half of the patients; erythromycin appeared effective. This study confirms the importance of C jejuni as a cause of enteritis; this microorganism should be sought routinely in fecal specimens from patients with diarrhea.
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PMID:Campylobacter enteritis in Denver. 709 Mar 79

Two patients with "collagenous colitis" characterized by abdominal pain and chronic watery diarrhea are described. Colorectal biopsies showed a marked, band-like collagenous deposit under the surface epithelium. Transmission electron microscopy showed an abnormally thickened collagen table under a thickened basal lamina. Immunofluorescence showed no specific lesions. Radioimmunoassay of several gastrointestinal hormones revealed no abnormality. Examination of colorectal biopsies of a large control series (564 patients) did not show a comparable diffuse thickening of the collagen table in various types of inflammatory bowel diseases. Furthermore, no obvious age-related change of the collagen layer was found. The clinical history of our two patients is compared with three analogous cases, previously described. From our findings and those of others it can be concluded that collagenous colitis is a separate entity.
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PMID:Collagenous colitis: an abnormal collagen table? Two new cases and review of the literature. 709 Nov 23

A case of collagenous colitis is reported and the literature reviewed. The disease presents with watery diarrhea and abdominal pain in middle-aged subjects. Women predominate in the small number of reported cases. Colonic and rectal biopsies show excessive collagenization of the so-called collagen table in the superficial lamina propria. There is an associated degeneration and desquamation of the interglandular epithelial lining cells. The cause is not known but the clinical course with symptomatic treatment can wax and wane with corresponding deterioration or improvement in the biopsy features.
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PMID:Collagenous colitis: a case report and review of the literature. 715 39

In the first year after establishing a gastroenterological center in a vineyard and industrial district with 220.000 inhabitants we examined 1.171 patients. In 36.53% we had diseases in the lower gastrointestinal tract excluding proctological disturbances. We could find out 37 cases of colitis ulcerosa and 42 colorectal cancers. Excluding two cancers in colon transversum and ascendens all the tumors were found by coloscopy. Previously 4 cases of colitis ulcerosa were identified by other methods, clinically or by rectoscopy. In 48.6% of the colitis ulcerosa the transfer was done by reason of blood in the feces. The melaena lingers between 1 month and 10 years. Other presumed diagnoses for transfer to our Institute were gastroenteritis, proctitis, hemorrhoids, fissure or ileitis terminalis Crohn. In some rare cases the supposed diagnosis was salmonellosis or mycosis of the intestinum. In colorectal cancers the main reason for special gastroenterological investigation was the addition of blood to stool, whether microscopically or visible. Abdominal pain or ileus were following in frequency. Clinical symptoms were to be reconstructed in 30.9% for six weeks, in 59% for six months and in 9.5% up to one year. Most of the colorectal tumors (85.7%) were localized distal from splenic colonflexur, mostly in the rectosigmoid and colon descendens (see figure 1). Ambulant coloscopy is a method for quickly and definitive clarification, if the practitioner will refer swiftly.
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PMID:[Ambulant coloscopy in colitis ulcerosa and colorectal cancer]. 727 61

Until now colonoscopies have rarely been carried out in children on contrary to adults. Within two years we have submitted to this method, more than 80 patients between the first and 19th year of their lives, previously those ones who were in preschool- and school-age. The main indication for the endoscopy were bloody stools and mild inconstant abdominal pain. In most of the children we found different degrees and extents of an inflammatory process of the colon. The histological diagnosis was in 38 patients an unspecific chronic colitis, in 2 cases a solitary polyp, and only once a hemangioma. Despite of the colitis, nearly all children were in a relatively good physical condition. We think that the unknown and untreated colitis in children is very dangerous for them with regard to the develop of colon-carcinoma in their later lives.
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PMID:[Colonoscopy in children]. 728 45

Evanescent colitis was first reported in 1971. This clinical entity is manifested by abrupt onset of colicky abdominal pain usually out of proportion to the physical findings, loose stools progressing to hematochezia, and segmental colonic involvement with spontaneous resolution in a matter of days. The diagnosis can be suggested by abdominal flat plate; confirmation depends upon barium-enema examination early in the course of the illness. The clinical presentation is identical to that of colonic ischemia with one remarkable exception: while colonic ischemia has come to be regarded as a disease of the elderly, usually with underlying vascular disease, evanescent colitis occurs in young people who are otherwise free of disease. In this report the authors present nine cases whose course is classic for colonic ischemia except that they are all less than 50 years of age and free of underlying vascular disease. Two of the patients were on oral contraceptive medication. A review of the literature revealed 15 additional cases. Five of these cases were associated with oral contraceptives. Conditions to be excluded in the differential diagnosis of this disease are the specific infectious colitides, idiopathic ulcerative colitis, granulomatous colitis and antibiotic-related pseudomembranous colitis.
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PMID:Evanescent colitis. 729 67

Toxigenic Clostridium difficle is the major cause of antibiotic-associated colitis and is susceptible to vancomycin at fecal concentrations achieved with oral therapy. The effect of oral vancomycin was studied in 16 patients with C. difficile-related diarrhea or colitis, 12 of whom had colitis documented by endoscopy, biopsy, and/or barium enema. Four patients had antibiotic-associated diarrhea and possibly antibiotic-associated colitis, because sigmoidoscopy either showed normal results (two patients) or was not performed (two patients). Nineteen episodes of diarrhea were treated with oral vancomycin in two dosage regimens for three to 14 days. Twelve patients received 2 g daily, and four patients initially received 1 g or less per day. Within 48 hours of the start of vancomycin therapy, 14 of 16 patients (87 percent) showed a decrease in temperature, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Diarrhea ceased completely within two days of the start of vancomycin in nine episodes, within three to seven days in six episodes, and within eight to 14 days in the remaining four episodes, and within eight to 14 days in the remaining four episodes. Diarrhea recurred in two of these patients (12 percent) when the drug inciting the initial episode of colitis was given again 42 days or more after vancomycin therapy was stopped; both patients responded again to retreatment with vancomycin. Oral vancomycin is an effective treatment of C. difficile-related colitis and diarrhea.
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PMID:Treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis and diarrhea with vancomycin. 730 54

A patient is reported with chronic abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and associated radiological and endoscopic abnormalities of the sigmoid colon. Light and electron microscopic study of colorectal mucosa showed abnormal collagenous thickening of the subepithelial basement membrane. The authors felt that the clinical and morphological features justified a diagnosis of collagenous colitis. Review of the literature suggested that collagenous colitis was still an unrecognised entity.
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PMID:Collagenous colitis: an unrecognised entity. 738 Mar 41

Recently a patient with ulcerative colitis developed abdominal pain and a left upper quadrant mass. A 67Ga-citrate scintiscan showed increased activity over the mass. A barium enema demonstrated retrograde obstruction at the splenic flexure and intraluminal multilobulated tissue masses. The total abdominal colectomy specimen showed localized giant pseudopolyposis at the splenic flexure. This condition is a rare local complication of both ulcerative and granulomatous colitis. It resembles a villous adenoma on barium enema and, although inflammatory, may simulate a colonic carcinoma. When symptomatic, local resection may be sufficient treatment.
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PMID:Localized giant pseudopolyposis of the colon in ulcerative colitis. 738 23


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