Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The oral administration of mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) resulted in the exacerbation of ulcerative colitis in two patients intolerant to sulphasalazine whose colitis had previously been quiescent. Although sulphasalazine intolerance is usually attributable to the sulphapyridine moiety, the possibility of salicylate sensitivity should be considered in colitic patients who fail to respond appropriately to sulphasalazine or who experience abdominal pain or diarrhoea while taking the drug.
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PMID:Salicylate induced exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. 359 43

Fulminant, necrotizing colitis is a frequent, and generally fatal, complication of severe granulocytopenia, occurring during the treatment of hematological malignancies. In these cases, the patient complains of severe peritonitis, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea or melena, and a high temperature. Here, a rare case of anticancer chemotherapy-induced diffuse necrotizing enterocolitis throughout the entire intestinal tract is presented, which developed in a patient who did not have a hematologic malignancy but who had colon cancer, the only clinical symptom of which was watery stools, without any evidence of peritoneal irritation. Full attention should be paid to progressive diarrhea in patients with malignancies during anticancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Induction of diffuse necrotizing enterocolitis by anticancer chemotherapy. 362 12

Recurrent abdominal pain in childhood can be caused structurally, functionally, metabolically or psychosomatically. In the neonatal period there occur malformations, in infancy chronic inflammations of bowel as well as obstructions due to adhesions following laparotomies or chronic intussusceptions or volvulus. In pre-school and school-age symptoms of appendicitis, lymphadenitis, Crohn's disease or Colitis ulcerosa occur. But every 8th to 9th child of school-age suffers from functional abdominal pain without structural origin, probably caused by an "irritable colon".
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PMID:[Chronic abdominal pain in childhood]. 375 Oct 69

Free perforation occurred in only 7 of 702 patients with ulcerative colitis (1 percent) without toxic dilatation seen at The Mount Sinai Hospital from 1960 to 1981; however, these seven patients represented 30 percent (7 of 23) of all colonic perforations seen in patients with ulcerative colitis in our institution during the same period. Classic physical signs of peritonitis (silent, rigid abdomen and rebound tenderness) were absent in six of the seven patients, but all had a marked deterioration in general condition after perforation. Other signs included a sudden increase in severity of abdominal pain (three patients), marked abdominal distention (four patients), and a sharp decrease in frequency of bowel movements (six patients). Mortality was high (four of seven patients, 57 percent) and characterized by comparatively longer patient histories of colitis, longer current attacks, slightly greater delays between presumed perforation and operation, much higher transfusion requirements, and a 100 percent incidence of coagulopathy (thrombocytopenia and increased prothrombin time in three of four patients, and increased partial thromboplastin time in all four patients). The possibility of free perforation in ulcerative colitis must be considered in fulminating cases, even in the absence of colonic dilatation. Careful clinical monitoring and early surgical intervention may be the keys to reducing mortality.
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PMID:Free colonic perforation without dilatation in ulcerative colitis. 375 75

Equine colitis characterised by diarrhoea and/or pain may be caused by a wide variety of bacterial, viral, protozoal agents and toxins. The causative agent of Potomac horse fever, Ehrlichia risticii, is the most recently recognised cause of colitis. Salmonella, the agent typically associated with colitis, also causes abdominal pain (colic) of variable intensity. Acute colitis is also caused by colitis X, various antibiotics, endotoxic shock and peritonitis caused by arterial infarction. The principles of therapy for each of these, together with means of differential diagnosis, are presented.
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PMID:Colitis: differential diagnosis and treatment. 375 5

Yersinia enterocolitica was cultured from feces of 122 symptomatic adults in a single facility using selective culture media; all isolates were confirmed in an independent reference laboratory. Of 128 isolates, multiple serotypes were defined and all were biochemically typical for Yersinia enterocolitica. Other agents were seen in 20 patients; of these, seven were Yersinia fredriksenii and six were Clostridium difficile. Diarrhea (80%) and abdominal pain (64%) were common, whereas other features such as fever (9%) and bloody stools (8%) were unusual. Use of antibiotics (24%) or opiates (28%) in the month before culture was common. The terminal ileum was seen radiographically in 20 patients, but only two barium studies showed abnormalities. Fiberoptic endoscopy and biopsy studies, done in greater than 50% of the cases, showed minimal or no changes in most patients. However, 3 patients had pseudomembranous colitis with concomitant Clostridium difficile cytotoxin and 7 had diffuse severe colitis. New culture techniques, and possibly geographic differences, have contributed to the high isolation rates of this organism. Yersinia enterocolitica occurs sporadically, involves a variety of serotypes, and is associated with a broader clinical spectrum than was formerly appreciated.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal features of culture-positive Yersinia enterocolitica infection. 378 Nov 77

Acute self-limited colitis (ASLC) must be distinguished from chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC) for the proper early management of patients with the acute onset of bloody diarrhea. This study was undertaken to determine if any clinical, endoscopic, microbiologic, or histologic parameters can be used to make this distinction reliably and quickly. Forty-eight patients with ASLC, 36 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis during their first attack [CUC(F)], and 84 patients with recurrent flares of chronic ulcerative colitis [CUC(R)] were studied prospectively. The presence of fever (temperature greater than 100 degrees F), abdominal pain, or the time from onset of bloody diarrhea to presentation were not discriminatory. Overall clinical and endoscopic severity were identical among the three groups. Microbiologic studies identified an infectious agent in only 42% of patients with ASLC. Histopathologic features always distinguished patients with CUC from those with ASLC. No case of ASLC was misdiagnosed histologically as CUC or vice versa. Plasmacytosis in the lamina propria extending to the mucosal base and mucosal distortion were present in all cases of CUC(F) and CUC(R), but were absent in all cases of ASLC. The finding of focal cryptitis during the resolving phase of ASLC could be confused with similar lesions in biopsy specimens from patients with Crohn's disease and mandates clinical follow-up. Histopathology is thus the only reliable diagnostic tool for the rapid differentiation of ASLC from CUC. However, biopsy specimens are only diagnostic when obtained during the acute phase of illness; that is, usually within the first 4 days from the onset of symptoms.
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PMID:Histopathology differentiates acute self-limited colitis from ulcerative colitis. 379 68

A 40-year-old physician experienced abdominal pain, loose stools, hematochezia, and anal discomfort with defecation associated with the daily consumption of 15 to 30 whole peanuts, including the shells. Thorough evaluation revealed only nonspecific colitis of the distal portion of the sigmoid colon and inflamed hemorrhoids. Discontinuation of whole peanut ingestion was associated with symptomatic, endoscopic, and histological resolution. In this patient, undigested peanut shells seem to have caused a nonspecific colitis, perhaps as the result of mechanical abrasion of the colonic mucosa.
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PMID:Peanut shell colitis. 389 47

An unusual case of colitis in a 37-year-old cocaine addict is described. The patient presented with right-sided abdominal pain and diarrhea exacerbated by his use of cocaine. Significant antibiotic ingestion was denied. At laparotomy, an edematous cecum and ascending colon were found, the cut surface of which revealed diffuse superficial ulcerations and yellowish fibrinous material. Microscopic examination demonstrated findings consistent with pseudomembranous colitis with an ischemic component. A mechanism involving catecholamine-induced mucosal ischemia is postulated to explain the findings seen in this patient.
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PMID:Cocaine colitis. Is this a new syndrome? 397 30

Cryptosporidial oocysts were identified by modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain in the stools of seven (3.2%) of 213 children with acute or chronic diarrhoea and one (0.9%) of 112 controls. All children with cryptosporidia were immunocompetent. Four of the index cases had a short illness (3-14 days) with watery diarrhoea, vomiting (2), and abdominal pain (2). Two index cases had chronic diarrhoea for over four months and failure to thrive. Both had a small intestinal enteropathy; one had cryptosporidial oocysts in stool specimens two months apart and the other had cryptosporidial schizonts attached to the jejunal mucosa. One index case had a colitis of indeterminate cause. Four of the index cases had recently travelled abroad. There had been an outbreak of gastroenteritis in the family of one of the index cases, and three affected sisters and an asymptomatic brother had oocysts in their stools. Cryptosporidial infestation seems to be associated with acute gastroenteritis and sometimes with chronic diarrhoea and small bowel damage in immunocompetent children.
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PMID:Cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent children. 403 4


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