Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0000737 (abdominal pain)
 31,184 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

74 cases of early pregnancy with periods of amenorrhea of 36-69 days from the last menses were terminated by using a single dose intrauterine instillation of Wikstro-Emia Chamaedaphne Meisn Alcohol Solution (WCMAS). According to the dosages used, they were divided into 3 groups: 0.2gm, 0.4gm, and 0.6gm of WCMAS. The efficacy of the different dosages was evaluated. The most successful in the termination of early pregnancy (less than 56 days) was the 0.4gm group, the effective rate being 96.6%, and the complete abortion rate being 93.3%. The average duration of complete abortion in all was 21.3 hours, and the averge duration of vaginal bleeding was 10.9 days. Although amount of bleeding was regarded as a little greater than that of normal menstruation by some patients, yet there were no serious side effects occurring, except that some patients experienced some subjective lower abdominal pain and vomiting. Serum hCG and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay technique in 31 cases, and it was found that the hCG and progesterone levels both declined rapidly at 12 hours and fell to 35.5% and 46.4% respectively 24 hours after injection. Under microscopic examinations necrotic degeneration was observed in most of the chorionic villi, and marked necrosis and hemorrhage in the decidua. The granulocytes in the decidua also decreased in amount. 48 cases were followed up recently; no side effects were found and there was no interference with re-pregnancy.
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PMID:[Clinical observation and preliminary study of termination of early pregnancy by administration of yellow daphne]. 1226 36

4 cases of extrauterine pregnancy with IUDs were studied both clinically and pathologically at the Faculty of Medicine of Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt. In 3 cases the gestation sac was tubal, with 2 in the ampullary portion and 1 in the isthmic portion. The 4th case was a left tubo-ovarian mass, showing an embryo within an ovarian gestation sac. Microscopic examination of the tube revealed chorionic villi intermingled with areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The diagnosis of the ovarian pregnancy was based on the demonstration of chorionic villi in relation to the ovarian medullary portion, showing a loose connective tissue structure and prominent congested blood vessels. Case 1, a 27-year old, para 2+0, presented with pain, amenorrhea, bleeding, and fever. The clinical diagnosis was septic abortion with IUD in situ. The loop was removed and curettage was scanty. Antibiotics were administered. The fever subsided but the abdominal pain persisted and mass in the right adnexa could be felt. Laparoscopy was performed, confirming the diagnosis of right tubal pregnancy. Laparotomy and right salpingectomy were performed. The 2nd case, para 1+0, had an IUD for 1 year and was admitted as an emergency. The diagnosis was acute abdomen, mostly disturbed ectopic pregnancy. Laparotomy was performed, and ectopic pregnancy in the region of the isthmus of the right tube was diagnosed. Right salpingectomy was performed. Both cases 3 and 4 had IUDs for a period of between 1-2 years and had amenorrhea, bleeding, and tenesmus. They were treated as colitis. The amenorrhea ranged between 2-3 months. Examination revealed a mass on the left side. Laparotomy was performed. In case 3 it was ampullary pregnancy on the left side. In case 4 there was a tubo-ovarian mass with an amniotic sac protruding from this mass. Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. All patients had uneventful recoveries. Figures illustrate these tubal and ovarian pregnancies.
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PMID:Ectopic pregnancy in patients using intrauterine contraception. 1227 56

A study of 441 ectopic tubal pregnancies treated at Harare Central Hospital between 1981-84 was carried out. During that time, there were 162,964 deliveries in the unit. The incidence of tubal pregnancy in this study was only 0.27%. Patients ranged in age from 13-46 years with the majority (67%) between ages 20-29. 88% of the patients were parous, the mean parity being 2.6 96% of the patients complained of abdominal pain, 78% of amenorrhea, and 64% of abnormal uterine bleeding. Abdominal tenderness (96%) and cervical excitation (91%) were the most significant signs. Paracentesis was positive in 78% of the cases. It was a little value in the diagnosis of chronic or unruptured tubal pregnancy. There was 1 maternal death.
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PMID:Ectopic tubal pregnancy in Zimbabwe. 1228 23

Ectopic pregnancy remains a leading cause of maternal mortality and accounts for a sizeable proportion of infertility and ectopic recurrence. The possibility that a woman is experiencing an ectopic pregnancy must be considered when evaluating a woman, especially a sterilized woman, who has a possible pregnancy, amenorrhea, abdominal pain, or abnormal bleeding; studies have found that one in six pregnancies occurring after tubal sterilization are ectopic. The authors present a clinical study of 82 cases of ectopic pregnancy admitted to the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram. Cases of ectopic pregnancy represent 0.99% of total obstetric admissions, of whom 69.51% were diagnosed as such on admission. 40.24% of the women were older than 30 years, while 34.14% were elderly beyond third parity. 70.73% of the women presented before missing their second period. Patients presented with multiple complaints, but the most common was abdominal pain reported by 61.70%. 78.04% were admitted with an acute abdomen, but shock was present in only 7.14% of cases. The main surgical treatment modality was salpingectomy among 59.75%. There was no maternal mortality through postoperative morbidity in the form of paralytic ileus, although fever did occur in some women.
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PMID:Clinical study of ectopic pregnancy. 1228 89

Injectable progestogen, norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN, 200 mg/ml) was administered to 122 women at 2 month intervals for more than 1 year. Only a minority of women had consistently normal cycles. Most women experienced some menstrual irregularities: 57% of users experienced irregular bleeding, 32% developed amenorrhea, while only 11% showed regular cyclic bleeding. Important nonmenstrual side effects were weakness and abdominal pain. No appreciable changes in body weight and blood pressure were recorded.
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PMID:Clinical trial of a long-acting injectable contraceptive: NET-EN. 1231 44

Reports from throughout the world consistently reveal an increasing incidence of ectopic pregnancy that appears to be linked to pelvic inflammatory disease, previous tubal surgery, and IUD use. Ectopic pregnancy generally presents with pelvic or lower abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding. Methods of establishing the diagnosis include ultrasonography and laparoscopy; before 5-6 weeks of gestation, these methods may no t be sufficiently sensitive and use of serial monitoring of the beta-chain of human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in plasma is recommended. Salpingectomy is indicated if the ectopic pregnancy has ruptured and the tube is very swollen. Conservative surgery is a possibility when there has not been rupture and damage to the tube is minimal. A comparison of data from England's Jessop Hospital for Women shows that, while more ectopic pregnancies were treated in 1988-90 than in 1977-79 (109 and 49, respectively), this complication is being diagnosed at an earlier stage, before there is extensive damage to the fallopian tube. The mean gestation of ectopic pregnancies in 1977-79 was 8.1 + or - 2.8 weeks compared to 7.4 + or - 1.7 weeks in 1988-90. As a result, only 4% of the ectopic pregnancies in the earlier period compared to 14% in the more recent period could be treated by conservative surgery.
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PMID:Ectopic pregnancy. 1231 82

FDA has approved medroxyprogesterone acetate as Depo Provera Contraceptive Injection, effective for 3 months in preventing pregnancy in women. In clinical studies, the drug's failure rate was less than 1%. However, physicians must ensure that patients receive injections on schedule to prevent pregnancy. The recommended dose is 150 mg administered every 3 months by deep, intramuscular injection in the gluteal or deltoid muscle. Most women in clinical studies of Depo Provera experienced menstrual irregularities. As use continued, amenorrhea became common, reported by 57% of the women by the end of a year of treatment. Other side effects included weight gain, headache, nervousness, abdominal pain or discomfort, dizziness, and asthenia. Physicians should administer the drug only to women found not to be pregnant, because fetal exposure may lead to low birth weight and other problems. Recent data have demonstrated that longterm use may contribute to osteoporosis, and the drug's manufacturer, the Upjohn Company of Kalamazoo, Michigan, will conduct additional research to study this possible side effect. Contraindications are similar to those for other contraceptives and include undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, known or suspected malignancy of breast, thromboembolic disorders, cerebral vascular disease, and liver dysfunction. Depo Provera was developed in the 1960s and has been approved for contraception in many other countries. When FDA first reviewed data on the drug in the 1970s, animal studies raised questions about its potential to cause breast cancer. Since then, longterm controlled clinical studies in other countries have shown a risk of breast cancer comparable to oral contraceptives, and no increased risk for ovarian, liver, or cervical cancer. The studies also showed that the contraceptive injection reduced the risk of endometrial cancer. FDA approved the drug October 29, 1992.
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PMID:3-month contraceptive injection approved. 1231 15

A patient, third gravida, reported attacks of pain in the lower abdomen for 10 to 15 days and amenorrhea for 37 days; a loop IUD had been inserted 1 year before (1 year after last pregnancy). Menstrual cycles had been regular. X-ray showed the loop in place. Patient was afebrile; laboratory studies showed only anemia. 11 days later the loop was removed elsewhere. 2 days following removal she was admitted to the hospital with acute lower abdominal pain. No definite mass was detected, anemia had increased, moderate leukocytosis was present. A blood transfusion was given. 11 days after admission patient fainted and showed signs of intraperitoneal hemorrhage. No definite mass was found but fullness was discovered in both fornices with tenderness. Laparotomy showed the left tube was the site of a ruptured ectopic gestation. After left salpingo-oophorectomy, patient made an uneventful recovery. Physicians are cautioned to be alert for such cases.
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PMID:Ectopic pregnancy after loop insertion: a case report. 1233 25

To study the contraceptive effective in human beings, large doses of estrogen were administered to 2000 women between 14 and 52 years of age. In 1418 cases (71%) ethinyloestradiol (EO) was used, in 524 cases (26%) diethylstilbestrol (DS), and in 58 cases (3%) the estrogen administered was not recorded. Initially 2-5 mg of EO or 25-50 mg DS were given for 5 consecutive days. Later 5 mg EO or 50 mg DS were given for 5 days. Administration was to start within 48 hours of coitus, preferably within 24 hours. In 47.5% the unprotected coitus occurred between 12 and 16 days before the next expected menstruation, in 60.9% it occurred between 10 and 17 days, and in 9.6% (193 cases) the day of the cycle was not mentioned. There were 14 pregnancies among the 2000 women. In only 3 cases did the pregnancy occur after 3 mg doses of EO or 30 mg DS started within 36 hours. No pregnancies occurred after 5 mg EO or 50 mg DS. In 3 cases the pregnancy could have been the result of a later unprotected coitus. In another 3 cases medication was started after more than 48 hours. In cases of vomiting occurring within 1 hour after ingestion of a tablet, another tablet was given 30 minutes after an anti-emetic. If all tablets were vomited estradiol benzoate, 30 mg per day for 5 days, was injected. Other side effects were tender breasts, menorrhagia, headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, and amenorrhea. Changes in their cycle were reported by 662 women. Most stabalized after 1 cycle. Side effects prohibit this method for routine contraception but it could be valuable in special cases. There is as yet no statistical proof of its degree of effectiveness. The method of action of these drugs is not certainly known.
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PMID:Post-coital oestrogen in large doses. 1233 66

We report a rare case of twin pregnancy in the same horn of a bicornuate uterus. This patient's uterine malformation was detected for the first time when she experienced abdominal pain at 6 weeks of amenorrhea. Transabdominal and transvaginal sonographic examinations were performed. Both embryos showed cardiac motion on transvaginal sonography. The patient was re-examined monthly. Her pregnancy ended in spontaneous abortion at 22 weeks. Two live male fetuses were delivered, but they both died immediately after their birth. Sonography, particularly transvaginal sonography, is valuable for early detection of uterine abnormalities that may affect the outcome of pregnancy.
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PMID:Twin gestation in one horn of a bicornuate uterus. 1259 4


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